{"id":{"repo_id":"uiuc","oai_identifier":"oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/109552"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/uiuc/oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/109552","repository":{"repo_id":"uiuc","name":"University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign","base_url":"https://www.ideals.illinois.edu/oai-pmh"},"display":{"title":"Passive detection of phosphorus in agricultural drainage waters using reactive hybrid anion exchange resins","abstract":"Phosphorus (P) loss from agricultural fields has long been an environmental issue due to its negative impact on aquatic ecosystems such as eutrophication and hypoxia. To reduce agricultural P loss, large-scale P monitoring activities are needed to identify specific fields and or watersheds that are major contributors of P loss. A passive detection technique can be ideal for the monitoring of concentrations and loads of dissolved reactive P (DRP) from a large number of agricultural waterways because of its simplicity and cost effectiveness. The passive detection technique involves the deployment of a reactive adsorbent in water for known periods, and the concentration of P in the adsorbent will be extrapolated to estimate the load of P. Finding an appropriate adsorbent, which has a high affinity for DRP, is critical in developing a successful passive sampling method. Accordingly, polystyrene and polyacrylic anion exchange resins with different functional groups (i.e., strong-base and weak-base) were selected from a large pool of adsorbents (e.g., anion exchange resins, calcium and magnesium oxides, hybrid anion exchange resins, layered double hydroxides, metal oxyhydroxides, zerovalent iron, and zirconium and lanthanum oxides) and evaluated for the use as a P sink. While the pure resins had a non-selective affinity for P, iron (hydr)oxide coated anion exchange resins (hybrid resins) were more selective for phosphate against nitrate and sulfate. Hybrid resins also had high adsorption capacity for DRP (6.33-19.84 mg/g) and high kinetic performance (second-order kinetic rate constant at 0.035-0.127 g/(mg·min)). Furthermore, the hybrid resins was stable and had irreversible characteristics for adsorbed P, making the material suitable for the passive detection method. The passive detection technique with hybrid polystyrene and polyacrylic resins were evaluated to monitor DRP in tile waters during spring storm events. The field-calibrated passive sampling method with hybrid resins produced DRP concentrations of tile waters with no significant difference (p > 0.05) with the auto-sampling data, but the technique should be improved to minimize the interference from particulate matter and high flow rate. In conclusion, the passive detection technique with iron oxide coated anion exchange resins is a promising technique to monitor the flux of DRP in eutrophic waters at regional- and watershed-scales.","abstract_html":"Phosphorus (P) loss from agricultural fields has long been an environmental issue due to its negative impact on aquatic ecosystems such as eutrophication and hypoxia. To reduce agricultural P loss, large-scale P monitoring activities are needed to identify specific fields and or watersheds that are major contributors of P loss. A passive detection technique can be ideal for the monitoring of concentrations and loads of dissolved reactive P (DRP) from a large number of agricultural waterways because of its simplicity and cost effectiveness. The passive detection technique involves the deployment of a reactive adsorbent in water for known periods, and the concentration of P in the adsorbent will be extrapolated to estimate the load of P. Finding an appropriate adsorbent, which has a high affinity for DRP, is critical in developing a successful passive sampling method. Accordingly, polystyrene and polyacrylic anion exchange resins with different functional groups (i.e., strong-base and weak-base) were selected from a large pool of adsorbents (e.g., anion exchange resins, calcium and magnesium oxides, hybrid anion exchange resins, layered double hydroxides, metal oxyhydroxides, zerovalent iron, and zirconium and lanthanum oxides) and evaluated for the use as a P sink. While the pure resins had a non-selective affinity for P, iron (hydr)oxide coated anion exchange resins (hybrid resins) were more selective for phosphate against nitrate and sulfate. Hybrid resins also had high adsorption capacity for DRP (6.33-19.84 mg/g) and high kinetic performance (second-order kinetic rate constant at 0.035-0.127 g/(mg·min)). Furthermore, the hybrid resins was stable and had irreversible characteristics for adsorbed P, making the material suitable for the passive detection method. The passive detection technique with hybrid polystyrene and polyacrylic resins were evaluated to monitor DRP in tile waters during spring storm events. The field-calibrated passive sampling method with hybrid resins produced DRP concentrations of tile waters with no significant difference (p > 0.05) with the auto-sampling data, but the technique should be improved to minimize the interference from particulate matter and high flow rate. In conclusion, the passive detection technique with iron oxide coated anion exchange resins is a promising technique to monitor the flux of DRP in eutrophic waters at regional- and watershed-scales.","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Li, Zhe"],"institution":"University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign","degree_name":"Ph.D.","degree_level":"Dissertation","degree_discipline":"Natural Res & Env Sciences","degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":["Arai, Yuji","Mulvaney, Richard","Chu, Maria Librada","Shang, Jianying"],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2021,"date_issued":"2021-03-05T21:45:05Z","date_published":"2021-03-05T21:45:05Z","updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:24:50Z","subjects":["Phosphorus","passive sampling","tile drainage"],"languages":["en"],"rights":["Copyright 2020 Zhe Li"],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2142/109552","outbound_label":"Handle","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor","label":"Contributor","values":["Arai, Yuji","Mulvaney, Richard","Chu, Maria Librada","Shang, Jianying"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Li, Zhe"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date","label":"Dc Date","values":["2021-03-05T21:45:05Z","2023-03-05T21:47:41Z","2020-08-25","2020-12"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["text","Thesis"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Natural Res & Env Sciences"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["Dissertation"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["Ph.D."]},{"key":"thesis:institution_name","label":"Thesis Institution Name","values":["University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["Phosphorus","passive sampling","tile drainage"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:language","label":"Dc Language","values":["en"]},{"key":"dc:rights","label":"Dc Rights","values":["Copyright 2020 Zhe Li"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["http://hdl.handle.net/2142/109552"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description","label":"Description","values":["Phosphorus (P) loss from agricultural fields has long been an environmental issue due to its negative impact on aquatic ecosystems such as eutrophication and hypoxia. To reduce agricultural P loss, large-scale P monitoring activities are needed to identify specific fields and or watersheds that are major contributors of P loss. A passive detection technique can be ideal for the monitoring of concentrations and loads of dissolved reactive P (DRP) from a large number of agricultural waterways because of its simplicity and cost effectiveness. The passive detection technique involves the deployment of a reactive adsorbent in water for known periods, and the concentration of P in the adsorbent will be extrapolated to estimate the load of P. Finding an appropriate adsorbent, which has a high affinity for DRP, is critical in developing a successful passive sampling method. Accordingly, polystyrene and polyacrylic anion exchange resins with different functional groups (i.e., strong-base and weak-base) were selected from a large pool of adsorbents (e.g., anion exchange resins, calcium and magnesium oxides, hybrid anion exchange resins, layered double hydroxides, metal oxyhydroxides, zerovalent iron, and zirconium and lanthanum oxides) and evaluated for the use as a P sink. While the pure resins had a non-selective affinity for P, iron (hydr)oxide coated anion exchange resins (hybrid resins) were more selective for phosphate against nitrate and sulfate. Hybrid resins also had high adsorption capacity for DRP (6.33-19.84 mg/g) and high kinetic performance (second-order kinetic rate constant at 0.035-0.127 g/(mg·min)). Furthermore, the hybrid resins was stable and had irreversible characteristics for adsorbed P, making the material suitable for the passive detection method. The passive detection technique with hybrid polystyrene and polyacrylic resins were evaluated to monitor DRP in tile waters during spring storm events. The field-calibrated passive sampling method with hybrid resins produced DRP concentrations of tile waters with no significant difference (p > 0.05) with the auto-sampling data, but the technique should be improved to minimize the interference from particulate matter and high flow rate. In conclusion, the passive detection technique with iron oxide coated anion exchange resins is a promising technique to monitor the flux of DRP in eutrophic waters at regional- and watershed-scales.","Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'Closed Access', the embargo will last until 2022-12-01","The student, Zhe Li, accepted the attached license on 2020-08-12 at 20:36.","The student, Zhe Li, submitted this Dissertation for approval on 2020-08-12 at 20:49.","This Dissertation was approved for publication on 2020-08-25 at 10:01.","DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #15770 on 2021-03-04 at 16:29:55","Made available in DSpace on 2021-03-05T21:45:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 3 LI-DISSERTATION-2020.pdf: 6855364 bytes, checksum: fc325653276129067cad818001aaef22 (MD5) LICENSE.txt: 4203 bytes, checksum: 4d4463507250548b30a9538e7d257613 (MD5) PROQUEST_LICENSE.txt: 4549 bytes, checksum: 49d410f6b50aa218839c1f9181bd7970 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2020-08-25","Embargo set by: Seth Robbins for item 117257 Lift date: 2023-03-05T21:45:47Z Reason: Author requested closed access (OA after 2yrs) in Vireo ETD system","Embargo set by: Seth Robbins for item 117257 Lift date: 2023-03-05T21:47:41Z Reason: Author requested closed access (OA after 2yrs) in Vireo ETD system","Author requested closed access (OA after 2yrs) in Vireo ETD system","Limited"]},{"key":"dc:format","label":"Dc Format","values":["application/pdf"]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["Passive detection of phosphorus in agricultural drainage waters using reactive hybrid anion exchange resins"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor":["Arai, Yuji","Mulvaney, Richard","Chu, Maria Librada","Shang, Jianying"],"dc:creator":["Li, Zhe"],"dc:date":["2021-03-05T21:45:05Z","2023-03-05T21:47:41Z","2020-08-25","2020-12"],"dc:description":["Phosphorus (P) loss from agricultural fields has long been an environmental issue due to its negative impact on aquatic ecosystems such as eutrophication and hypoxia. To reduce agricultural P loss, large-scale P monitoring activities are needed to identify specific fields and or watersheds that are major contributors of P loss. A passive detection technique can be ideal for the monitoring of concentrations and loads of dissolved reactive P (DRP) from a large number of agricultural waterways because of its simplicity and cost effectiveness. The passive detection technique involves the deployment of a reactive adsorbent in water for known periods, and the concentration of P in the adsorbent will be extrapolated to estimate the load of P. Finding an appropriate adsorbent, which has a high affinity for DRP, is critical in developing a successful passive sampling method. Accordingly, polystyrene and polyacrylic anion exchange resins with different functional groups (i.e., strong-base and weak-base) were selected from a large pool of adsorbents (e.g., anion exchange resins, calcium and magnesium oxides, hybrid anion exchange resins, layered double hydroxides, metal oxyhydroxides, zerovalent iron, and zirconium and lanthanum oxides) and evaluated for the use as a P sink. While the pure resins had a non-selective affinity for P, iron (hydr)oxide coated anion exchange resins (hybrid resins) were more selective for phosphate against nitrate and sulfate. Hybrid resins also had high adsorption capacity for DRP (6.33-19.84 mg/g) and high kinetic performance (second-order kinetic rate constant at 0.035-0.127 g/(mg·min)). Furthermore, the hybrid resins was stable and had irreversible characteristics for adsorbed P, making the material suitable for the passive detection method. The passive detection technique with hybrid polystyrene and polyacrylic resins were evaluated to monitor DRP in tile waters during spring storm events. The field-calibrated passive sampling method with hybrid resins produced DRP concentrations of tile waters with no significant difference (p > 0.05) with the auto-sampling data, but the technique should be improved to minimize the interference from particulate matter and high flow rate. In conclusion, the passive detection technique with iron oxide coated anion exchange resins is a promising technique to monitor the flux of DRP in eutrophic waters at regional- and watershed-scales.","Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'Closed Access', the embargo will last until 2022-12-01","The student, Zhe Li, accepted the attached license on 2020-08-12 at 20:36.","The student, Zhe Li, submitted this Dissertation for approval on 2020-08-12 at 20:49.","This Dissertation was approved for publication on 2020-08-25 at 10:01.","DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #15770 on 2021-03-04 at 16:29:55","Made available in DSpace on 2021-03-05T21:45:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 3 LI-DISSERTATION-2020.pdf: 6855364 bytes, checksum: fc325653276129067cad818001aaef22 (MD5) LICENSE.txt: 4203 bytes, checksum: 4d4463507250548b30a9538e7d257613 (MD5) PROQUEST_LICENSE.txt: 4549 bytes, checksum: 49d410f6b50aa218839c1f9181bd7970 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2020-08-25","Embargo set by: Seth Robbins for item 117257 Lift date: 2023-03-05T21:45:47Z Reason: Author requested closed access (OA after 2yrs) in Vireo ETD system","Embargo set by: Seth Robbins for item 117257 Lift date: 2023-03-05T21:47:41Z Reason: Author requested closed access (OA after 2yrs) in Vireo ETD system","Author requested closed access (OA after 2yrs) in Vireo ETD system","Limited"],"dc:format":["application/pdf"],"dc:identifier":["http://hdl.handle.net/2142/109552"],"dc:language":["en"],"dc:rights":["Copyright 2020 Zhe Li"],"dc:subject":["Phosphorus","passive sampling","tile drainage"],"dc:title":["Passive detection of phosphorus in agricultural drainage waters using reactive hybrid anion exchange resins"],"dc:type":["text","Thesis"],"thesis:degree_discipline":["Natural Res & Env Sciences"],"thesis:degree_level":["Dissertation"],"thesis:degree_name":["Ph.D."],"thesis:institution_name":["University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:24:50Z"}