{"id":{"repo_id":"uiuc","oai_identifier":"oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/108126"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/uiuc/oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/108126","repository":{"repo_id":"uiuc","name":"University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign","base_url":"https://www.ideals.illinois.edu/oai-pmh"},"display":{"title":"Multi-level, multi-variate, non-stationary, random field modeling of engineering systems","abstract":"Engineering systems can often be represented considering models at multiple levels. Such levels can be defined by state variables (i.e., variables that describe the properties of the objective) or other quantities of interest (e.g., probability of failure) for the components in a system. For an engineering system, different properties within each level are typically inhomogeneous in space and cross-correlated, while properties of different levels are physically dependent on each other. In addition, system properties usually vary in time due to effects of external environmental conditions. Current analysis techniques cannot model the spatially inhomogeneous, intra-level correlated, inter-level dependent, and temporally varying system properties. This dissertation proposes multi-level, multi-variate, non-stationary, random field formulations for the modeling of system properties. To consider the inhomogeneous spatial variability, this study proposes a regressor-based random field formulation using an improved latent space approach (ILSA). To considers the intra-level correlation, this study improves the random field formulation by incorporating non-stationary cross-correlation in the modeling. To capture the inter-dependency, this study proposes a multi-level and multi-variate random field formulation for system modeling. To capture the temporal evolution, this study uses a state-dependent model that enables the updating of multi-level random fields in time. To calibrate a multi-level random field model, we need data of both response variables and regressors measured at the same locations in different levels. However, data of different variables are usually measured independently at inconsistent locations (i.e., data at some locations and levels are missing). This study proposes a new formulation for the calibration of multi-level random field when data at different levels are either partially or completely missing. The proposed formulation considers the spatial correlation and inter-level dependency in the missing data prediction and multi-level model calibration. Predictive distributions are estimated for the objectives from the lowest to the highest level to capture the uncertainty propagation. Finally, this dissertation implements the proposed formulations in solving two real-world problems. The first example develops a two-level model for climate-dependent storm surge. Specifically, Level 1 predicts the probability of different locations being flooded, and Level 2 estimates the storm surge height given one location is flooded using random fields. The second example implements the multi-level formulation in the modeling of material load-displacement behaviors such as stress-strain responses. The example uses the multi-level random field to capture the inter-dependency between different material behaviors and the auto-correlation in the load-displacement curve development. In both examples, the dissertation presents in detail how to build the multi-level models, and how to calibrate and validate such models based on data of different quantities of interest.","abstract_html":"Engineering systems can often be represented considering models at multiple levels. Such levels can be defined by state variables (i.e., variables that describe the properties of the objective) or other quantities of interest (e.g., probability of failure) for the components in a system. For an engineering system, different properties within each level are typically inhomogeneous in space and cross-correlated, while properties of different levels are physically dependent on each other. In addition, system properties usually vary in time due to effects of external environmental conditions. Current analysis techniques cannot model the spatially inhomogeneous, intra-level correlated, inter-level dependent, and temporally varying system properties. This dissertation proposes multi-level, multi-variate, non-stationary, random field formulations for the modeling of system properties. To consider the inhomogeneous spatial variability, this study proposes a regressor-based random field formulation using an improved latent space approach (ILSA). To considers the intra-level correlation, this study improves the random field formulation by incorporating non-stationary cross-correlation in the modeling. To capture the inter-dependency, this study proposes a multi-level and multi-variate random field formulation for system modeling. To capture the temporal evolution, this study uses a state-dependent model that enables the updating of multi-level random fields in time. To calibrate a multi-level random field model, we need data of both response variables and regressors measured at the same locations in different levels. However, data of different variables are usually measured independently at inconsistent locations (i.e., data at some locations and levels are missing). This study proposes a new formulation for the calibration of multi-level random field when data at different levels are either partially or completely missing. The proposed formulation considers the spatial correlation and inter-level dependency in the missing data prediction and multi-level model calibration. Predictive distributions are estimated for the objectives from the lowest to the highest level to capture the uncertainty propagation. Finally, this dissertation implements the proposed formulations in solving two real-world problems. The first example develops a two-level model for climate-dependent storm surge. Specifically, Level 1 predicts the probability of different locations being flooded, and Level 2 estimates the storm surge height given one location is flooded using random fields. The second example implements the multi-level formulation in the modeling of material load-displacement behaviors such as stress-strain responses. The example uses the multi-level random field to capture the inter-dependency between different material behaviors and the auto-correlation in the load-displacement curve development. In both examples, the dissertation presents in detail how to build the multi-level models, and how to calibrate and validate such models based on data of different quantities of interest.","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Xu, Hao"],"institution":"University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign","degree_name":"Ph.D.","degree_level":"Dissertation","degree_discipline":"Civil Engineering","degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":["Gardoni, Paolo","Valocchi, Albert J.","Li, Bo","Jia, Gaofeng","Cusatis, Gianluca"],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2020,"date_issued":"2020-08-26T23:55:54Z","date_published":"2020-08-26T23:55:54Z","updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:24:47Z","subjects":["Multi-level modeling","Random field","System reliability","Missing data","Bayesian updating"],"languages":["en"],"rights":["Copyright 2020 Hao Xu"],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2142/108126","outbound_label":"Handle","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor","label":"Contributor","values":["Gardoni, Paolo","Valocchi, Albert J.","Li, Bo","Jia, Gaofeng","Cusatis, Gianluca"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Xu, Hao"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date","label":"Dc Date","values":["2020-08-26T23:55:54Z","2022-08-26T23:58:55Z","2020-04-27","2020-05"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["text","Thesis"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Civil Engineering"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["Dissertation"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["Ph.D."]},{"key":"thesis:institution_name","label":"Thesis Institution Name","values":["University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["Multi-level modeling","Random field","System reliability","Missing data","Bayesian updating"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:language","label":"Dc Language","values":["en"]},{"key":"dc:rights","label":"Dc Rights","values":["Copyright 2020 Hao Xu"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["http://hdl.handle.net/2142/108126"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description","label":"Description","values":["Engineering systems can often be represented considering models at multiple levels. Such levels can be defined by state variables (i.e., variables that describe the properties of the objective) or other quantities of interest (e.g., probability of failure) for the components in a system. For an engineering system, different properties within each level are typically inhomogeneous in space and cross-correlated, while properties of different levels are physically dependent on each other. In addition, system properties usually vary in time due to effects of external environmental conditions. Current analysis techniques cannot model the spatially inhomogeneous, intra-level correlated, inter-level dependent, and temporally varying system properties. This dissertation proposes multi-level, multi-variate, non-stationary, random field formulations for the modeling of system properties. To consider the inhomogeneous spatial variability, this study proposes a regressor-based random field formulation using an improved latent space approach (ILSA). To considers the intra-level correlation, this study improves the random field formulation by incorporating non-stationary cross-correlation in the modeling. To capture the inter-dependency, this study proposes a multi-level and multi-variate random field formulation for system modeling. To capture the temporal evolution, this study uses a state-dependent model that enables the updating of multi-level random fields in time. To calibrate a multi-level random field model, we need data of both response variables and regressors measured at the same locations in different levels. However, data of different variables are usually measured independently at inconsistent locations (i.e., data at some locations and levels are missing). This study proposes a new formulation for the calibration of multi-level random field when data at different levels are either partially or completely missing. The proposed formulation considers the spatial correlation and inter-level dependency in the missing data prediction and multi-level model calibration. Predictive distributions are estimated for the objectives from the lowest to the highest level to capture the uncertainty propagation. Finally, this dissertation implements the proposed formulations in solving two real-world problems. The first example develops a two-level model for climate-dependent storm surge. Specifically, Level 1 predicts the probability of different locations being flooded, and Level 2 estimates the storm surge height given one location is flooded using random fields. The second example implements the multi-level formulation in the modeling of material load-displacement behaviors such as stress-strain responses. The example uses the multi-level random field to capture the inter-dependency between different material behaviors and the auto-correlation in the load-displacement curve development. In both examples, the dissertation presents in detail how to build the multi-level models, and how to calibrate and validate such models based on data of different quantities of interest.","Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'U of I Access', the embargo will last until 2022-05-01","The student, Hao Xu, accepted the attached license on 2020-04-24 at 11:17.","The student, Hao Xu, submitted this Dissertation for approval on 2020-04-24 at 11:29.","This Dissertation was approved for publication on 2020-04-27 at 10:50.","DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #15060 on 2020-08-25 at 17:28:12","Made available in DSpace on 2020-08-26T23:55:54Z (GMT). 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Such levels can be defined by state variables (i.e., variables that describe the properties of the objective) or other quantities of interest (e.g., probability of failure) for the components in a system. For an engineering system, different properties within each level are typically inhomogeneous in space and cross-correlated, while properties of different levels are physically dependent on each other. In addition, system properties usually vary in time due to effects of external environmental conditions. Current analysis techniques cannot model the spatially inhomogeneous, intra-level correlated, inter-level dependent, and temporally varying system properties. This dissertation proposes multi-level, multi-variate, non-stationary, random field formulations for the modeling of system properties. To consider the inhomogeneous spatial variability, this study proposes a regressor-based random field formulation using an improved latent space approach (ILSA). To considers the intra-level correlation, this study improves the random field formulation by incorporating non-stationary cross-correlation in the modeling. To capture the inter-dependency, this study proposes a multi-level and multi-variate random field formulation for system modeling. To capture the temporal evolution, this study uses a state-dependent model that enables the updating of multi-level random fields in time. To calibrate a multi-level random field model, we need data of both response variables and regressors measured at the same locations in different levels. However, data of different variables are usually measured independently at inconsistent locations (i.e., data at some locations and levels are missing). This study proposes a new formulation for the calibration of multi-level random field when data at different levels are either partially or completely missing. The proposed formulation considers the spatial correlation and inter-level dependency in the missing data prediction and multi-level model calibration. Predictive distributions are estimated for the objectives from the lowest to the highest level to capture the uncertainty propagation. Finally, this dissertation implements the proposed formulations in solving two real-world problems. The first example develops a two-level model for climate-dependent storm surge. Specifically, Level 1 predicts the probability of different locations being flooded, and Level 2 estimates the storm surge height given one location is flooded using random fields. The second example implements the multi-level formulation in the modeling of material load-displacement behaviors such as stress-strain responses. The example uses the multi-level random field to capture the inter-dependency between different material behaviors and the auto-correlation in the load-displacement curve development. In both examples, the dissertation presents in detail how to build the multi-level models, and how to calibrate and validate such models based on data of different quantities of interest.","Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'U of I Access', the embargo will last until 2022-05-01","The student, Hao Xu, accepted the attached license on 2020-04-24 at 11:17.","The student, Hao Xu, submitted this Dissertation for approval on 2020-04-24 at 11:29.","This Dissertation was approved for publication on 2020-04-27 at 10:50.","DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #15060 on 2020-08-25 at 17:28:12","Made available in DSpace on 2020-08-26T23:55:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 3 XU-DISSERTATION-2020.pdf: 6637891 bytes, checksum: 7345cbd71335318a1d130c3bcb4fdf96 (MD5) LICENSE.txt: 4203 bytes, checksum: 2e80c5d4d9a1d2eab9ee35abdd03734f (MD5) PROQUEST_LICENSE.txt: 4549 bytes, checksum: 0697ed2f7d3ab1590eaf5e583327c8ac (MD5) Previous issue date: 2020-04-27","Embargo set by: Seth Robbins for item 115737 Lift date: 2022-08-26T23:55:59Z Reason: Author requested U of Illinois access only (OA after 2yrs) in Vireo ETD system","Embargo set by: Seth Robbins for item 115737 Lift date: 2022-08-26T23:57:28Z Reason: Author requested U of Illinois access only (OA after 2yrs) in Vireo ETD system","Embargo set by: Seth Robbins for item 115737 Lift date: 2022-08-26T23:58:55Z Reason: Author requested U of Illinois access only (OA after 2yrs) in Vireo ETD system","Author requested U of Illinois access only (OA after 2yrs) in Vireo ETD system","U of I Only"],"dc:format":["application/pdf"],"dc:identifier":["http://hdl.handle.net/2142/108126"],"dc:language":["en"],"dc:rights":["Copyright 2020 Hao Xu"],"dc:subject":["Multi-level modeling","Random field","System reliability","Missing data","Bayesian updating"],"dc:title":["Multi-level, multi-variate, non-stationary, random field modeling of engineering systems"],"dc:type":["text","Thesis"],"thesis:degree_discipline":["Civil Engineering"],"thesis:degree_level":["Dissertation"],"thesis:degree_name":["Ph.D."],"thesis:institution_name":["University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:24:47Z"}