{"id":{"repo_id":"uiuc","oai_identifier":"oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/106400"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/uiuc/oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/106400","repository":{"repo_id":"uiuc","name":"University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign","base_url":"https://www.ideals.illinois.edu/oai-pmh"},"display":{"title":"Spontaneous alpha oscillations and low-frequency activities are related to complementary aspects of cognitive control","abstract":"DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #14801 on 2020-02-28 at 17:24:28","abstract_html":"DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #14801 on 2020-02-28 at 17:24:28","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Clements, Grace M."],"institution":"University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign","degree_name":"M.S.","degree_level":"Thesis","degree_discipline":"Psychology","degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":["Fabiani, Monica","Gratton, Gabriele"],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2020,"date_issued":"2020-03-02T22:18:20Z","date_published":"2020-03-02T22:18:20Z","updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:24:47Z","subjects":["EEG","alpha power","theta bursts","1/f slope","cognitive control","proactive control","reactive control","flanker task","aging"],"languages":["en"],"rights":["Copyright 2019 Grace Clements"],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2142/106400","outbound_label":"Handle","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor","label":"Contributor","values":["Fabiani, Monica","Gratton, Gabriele"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Clements, Grace M."]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date","label":"Dc Date","values":["2020-03-02T22:18:20Z","2022-03-03T10:15:16Z","2019-12-12","2019-12"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["text"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Psychology"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["Thesis"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["M.S."]},{"key":"thesis:institution_name","label":"Thesis Institution Name","values":["University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["EEG","alpha power","theta bursts","1/f slope","cognitive control","proactive control","reactive control","flanker task","aging"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:language","label":"Dc Language","values":["en"]},{"key":"dc:rights","label":"Dc Rights","values":["Copyright 2019 Grace Clements"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["http://hdl.handle.net/2142/106400"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description","label":"Description","values":["DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #14801 on 2020-02-28 at 17:24:28","Made available in DSpace on 2020-03-02T22:18:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 CLEMENTS-THESIS-2019.pdf: 735637 bytes, checksum: 6b1485a5918d2cb4809140bb393812f4 (MD5) LICENSE.txt: 4211 bytes, checksum: a11df8d954f5106bc554abfb78794177 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2019-12-12","Embargo set by: Seth Robbins for item 113943 Lift date: 2022-03-02T22:18:25Z Reason: Author requested U of Illinois access only (OA after 2yrs) in Vireo ETD system","Two classes of activity dominate the resting-state human EEG power spectrum: alpha oscillations (which tend to be sustained), and low-frequency activities (which manifest themselves as short bursts of theta or non-oscillatory 1/f slope). Alpha power at rest has been shown to decrease with age and to correlate with intelligence. Here we propose that alpha facilitates proactive control, which requires the maintenance of processing sets in preparation for expected task conditions. In contrast, bursts of theta activity have been related to reactive control, which requires the update of task sets in response to unpredicted task demands. Less is known about 1/f slope in relation to cognitive control. To investigate these relationships, we recorded resting eyes-open and eyes-closed EEG from younger and older adults and subsequently tested their performance on a cued flanker task, expected to elicit both proactive and reactive control processes. Alpha power and 1/f slope were smaller in older adults, whereas theta power did not show age effects. Resting alpha power was predictive of cue utilization to prepare for the upcoming response stimulus, suggesting its relevance to proactive control. In contrast, both larger theta and 1/f slope were related to a larger congruency effect (slower responses to stimuli flanked by distractors). This suggests that resting theta and 1/f indicate greater trait-like sensitivity to distraction, reflected in frequent spontaneous updating operations. All predictive associations were present over and above the effect of age, suggesting that these EEG correlates could be used as measures of individual differences in cognitive control behavior.","Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'U of I Access', the embargo will last until 2021-12-01","The student, Grace Clements, accepted the attached license on 2019-12-11 at 16:09.","The student, Grace Clements, submitted this Thesis for approval on 2019-12-11 at 16:19.","This Thesis was approved for publication on 2019-12-12 at 09:53.","U of I Only Restriction Lifted for Item 113943 on 2022-03-03T10:15:16Z."]},{"key":"dc:format","label":"Dc Format","values":["application/pdf"]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["Spontaneous alpha oscillations and low-frequency activities are related to complementary aspects of cognitive control"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor":["Fabiani, Monica","Gratton, Gabriele"],"dc:creator":["Clements, Grace M."],"dc:date":["2020-03-02T22:18:20Z","2022-03-03T10:15:16Z","2019-12-12","2019-12"],"dc:description":["DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #14801 on 2020-02-28 at 17:24:28","Made available in DSpace on 2020-03-02T22:18:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 CLEMENTS-THESIS-2019.pdf: 735637 bytes, checksum: 6b1485a5918d2cb4809140bb393812f4 (MD5) LICENSE.txt: 4211 bytes, checksum: a11df8d954f5106bc554abfb78794177 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2019-12-12","Embargo set by: Seth Robbins for item 113943 Lift date: 2022-03-02T22:18:25Z Reason: Author requested U of Illinois access only (OA after 2yrs) in Vireo ETD system","Two classes of activity dominate the resting-state human EEG power spectrum: alpha oscillations (which tend to be sustained), and low-frequency activities (which manifest themselves as short bursts of theta or non-oscillatory 1/f slope). Alpha power at rest has been shown to decrease with age and to correlate with intelligence. Here we propose that alpha facilitates proactive control, which requires the maintenance of processing sets in preparation for expected task conditions. In contrast, bursts of theta activity have been related to reactive control, which requires the update of task sets in response to unpredicted task demands. Less is known about 1/f slope in relation to cognitive control. To investigate these relationships, we recorded resting eyes-open and eyes-closed EEG from younger and older adults and subsequently tested their performance on a cued flanker task, expected to elicit both proactive and reactive control processes. Alpha power and 1/f slope were smaller in older adults, whereas theta power did not show age effects. Resting alpha power was predictive of cue utilization to prepare for the upcoming response stimulus, suggesting its relevance to proactive control. In contrast, both larger theta and 1/f slope were related to a larger congruency effect (slower responses to stimuli flanked by distractors). This suggests that resting theta and 1/f indicate greater trait-like sensitivity to distraction, reflected in frequent spontaneous updating operations. All predictive associations were present over and above the effect of age, suggesting that these EEG correlates could be used as measures of individual differences in cognitive control behavior.","Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'U of I Access', the embargo will last until 2021-12-01","The student, Grace Clements, accepted the attached license on 2019-12-11 at 16:09.","The student, Grace Clements, submitted this Thesis for approval on 2019-12-11 at 16:19.","This Thesis was approved for publication on 2019-12-12 at 09:53.","U of I Only Restriction Lifted for Item 113943 on 2022-03-03T10:15:16Z."],"dc:format":["application/pdf"],"dc:identifier":["http://hdl.handle.net/2142/106400"],"dc:language":["en"],"dc:rights":["Copyright 2019 Grace Clements"],"dc:subject":["EEG","alpha power","theta bursts","1/f slope","cognitive control","proactive control","reactive control","flanker task","aging"],"dc:title":["Spontaneous alpha oscillations and low-frequency activities are related to complementary aspects of cognitive control"],"dc:type":["text"],"thesis:degree_discipline":["Psychology"],"thesis:degree_level":["Thesis"],"thesis:degree_name":["M.S."],"thesis:institution_name":["University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:24:47Z"}