{"id":{"repo_id":"uiuc","oai_identifier":"oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/106390"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/uiuc/oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/106390","repository":{"repo_id":"uiuc","name":"University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign","base_url":"https://www.ideals.illinois.edu/oai-pmh"},"display":{"title":"White friends harm, Black friends help: Mediators of racial color-blindness and ethnocultural empathy","abstract":"In this study, we investigated how color-blind racial beliefs and ethnocultural empathy were associated through the racial composition of close friendship groups in police recruits. Understanding the relationship between these constructs is important as it may shape the types of training and interventions for police officers to promote multicultural competency and effectiveness in the diverse communities that they serve. In a sample of police recruits in a Midwestern training academy (N = 261), mediational path analyses across two time points revealed a significant association between color-blind beliefs and empathy for racial/ethnic minorities through White friendships even after controlling for empathy ratings at Time 1. Specifically, greater racial unawareness was associated with greater close friendships with White people, which in turn predicted lower empathy for racial/ethnic minority group members. Findings also indicated a significant association between ethnocultural empathy and color-blind beliefs at Time 2 through Black and White friendships after controlling for racial color-blind beliefs at Time 1. Police recruits with greater ethnocultural empathy who had more close friendships with Black people subsequently had greater racial awareness (i.e., lower color-blind racial beliefs). On the other hand, police recruits with greater ethnocultural empathy also had fewer White friendships, and these friendships were associated with greater endorsement of color-blind racial beliefs. Exploratory multigroup analyses indicated that these findings were invariant across racial/ethnic minority recruits and White recruits. Limitations, directions for future research, and implications for training and intervention in police samples are discussed.","abstract_html":"In this study, we investigated how color-blind racial beliefs and ethnocultural empathy were associated through the racial composition of close friendship groups in police recruits. Understanding the relationship between these constructs is important as it may shape the types of training and interventions for police officers to promote multicultural competency and effectiveness in the diverse communities that they serve. In a sample of police recruits in a Midwestern training academy (N = 261), mediational path analyses across two time points revealed a significant association between color-blind beliefs and empathy for racial/ethnic minorities through White friendships even after controlling for empathy ratings at Time 1. Specifically, greater racial unawareness was associated with greater close friendships with White people, which in turn predicted lower empathy for racial/ethnic minority group members. Findings also indicated a significant association between ethnocultural empathy and color-blind beliefs at Time 2 through Black and White friendships after controlling for racial color-blind beliefs at Time 1. Police recruits with greater ethnocultural empathy who had more close friendships with Black people subsequently had greater racial awareness (i.e., lower color-blind racial beliefs). On the other hand, police recruits with greater ethnocultural empathy also had fewer White friendships, and these friendships were associated with greater endorsement of color-blind racial beliefs. Exploratory multigroup analyses indicated that these findings were invariant across racial/ethnic minority recruits and White recruits. Limitations, directions for future research, and implications for training and intervention in police samples are discussed.","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Quasebarth, Andi Lee"],"institution":"University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign","degree_name":"M.S.","degree_level":"Thesis","degree_discipline":"Psychology","degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":["Todd, Nathan R","Neville, Helen A"],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2020,"date_issued":"2020-03-02T22:15:17Z","date_published":"2020-03-02T22:15:17Z","updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:24:47Z","subjects":["color-blind racial ideology","ethnocultural empathy","police officers","multicultural competency"],"languages":["en"],"rights":["Copyright 2019 Andi Quasebarth"],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2142/106390","outbound_label":"Handle","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor","label":"Contributor","values":["Todd, Nathan R","Neville, Helen A"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Quasebarth, Andi Lee"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date","label":"Dc Date","values":["2020-03-02T22:15:17Z","2022-03-03T10:15:19Z","2019-12-10","2019-12"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["text"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Psychology"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["Thesis"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["M.S."]},{"key":"thesis:institution_name","label":"Thesis Institution Name","values":["University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["color-blind racial ideology","ethnocultural empathy","police officers","multicultural competency"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:language","label":"Dc Language","values":["en"]},{"key":"dc:rights","label":"Dc Rights","values":["Copyright 2019 Andi Quasebarth"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["http://hdl.handle.net/2142/106390"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description","label":"Description","values":["In this study, we investigated how color-blind racial beliefs and ethnocultural empathy were associated through the racial composition of close friendship groups in police recruits. Understanding the relationship between these constructs is important as it may shape the types of training and interventions for police officers to promote multicultural competency and effectiveness in the diverse communities that they serve. In a sample of police recruits in a Midwestern training academy (N = 261), mediational path analyses across two time points revealed a significant association between color-blind beliefs and empathy for racial/ethnic minorities through White friendships even after controlling for empathy ratings at Time 1. Specifically, greater racial unawareness was associated with greater close friendships with White people, which in turn predicted lower empathy for racial/ethnic minority group members. Findings also indicated a significant association between ethnocultural empathy and color-blind beliefs at Time 2 through Black and White friendships after controlling for racial color-blind beliefs at Time 1. Police recruits with greater ethnocultural empathy who had more close friendships with Black people subsequently had greater racial awareness (i.e., lower color-blind racial beliefs). On the other hand, police recruits with greater ethnocultural empathy also had fewer White friendships, and these friendships were associated with greater endorsement of color-blind racial beliefs. Exploratory multigroup analyses indicated that these findings were invariant across racial/ethnic minority recruits and White recruits. Limitations, directions for future research, and implications for training and intervention in police samples are discussed.","Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'U of I Access', the embargo will last until 2021-12-01","The student, Andi Quasebarth, accepted the attached license on 2019-12-09 at 20:20.","The student, Andi Quasebarth, submitted this Thesis for approval on 2019-12-09 at 20:30.","This Thesis was approved for publication on 2019-12-10 at 14:02.","DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #14769 on 2020-02-28 at 17:24:14","Made available in DSpace on 2020-03-02T22:15:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 QUASEBARTH-THESIS-2019.pdf: 608463 bytes, checksum: 83680a450490753e85f059fb93d55219 (MD5) LICENSE.txt: 4212 bytes, checksum: f8f50ebce0157c08444c38a1e7395229 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2019-12-10","Embargo set by: Seth Robbins for item 113932 Lift date: 2022-03-02T22:15:21Z Reason: Author requested U of Illinois access only (OA after 2yrs) in Vireo ETD system","Embargo set by: Seth Robbins for item 113932 Lift date: 2022-03-02T22:18:25Z Reason: Author requested U of Illinois access only (OA after 2yrs) in Vireo ETD system","U of I Only Restriction Lifted for Item 113932 on 2022-03-03T10:15:19Z."]},{"key":"dc:format","label":"Dc Format","values":["application/pdf"]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["White friends harm, Black friends help: Mediators of racial color-blindness and ethnocultural empathy"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor":["Todd, Nathan R","Neville, Helen A"],"dc:creator":["Quasebarth, Andi Lee"],"dc:date":["2020-03-02T22:15:17Z","2022-03-03T10:15:19Z","2019-12-10","2019-12"],"dc:description":["In this study, we investigated how color-blind racial beliefs and ethnocultural empathy were associated through the racial composition of close friendship groups in police recruits. Understanding the relationship between these constructs is important as it may shape the types of training and interventions for police officers to promote multicultural competency and effectiveness in the diverse communities that they serve. In a sample of police recruits in a Midwestern training academy (N = 261), mediational path analyses across two time points revealed a significant association between color-blind beliefs and empathy for racial/ethnic minorities through White friendships even after controlling for empathy ratings at Time 1. Specifically, greater racial unawareness was associated with greater close friendships with White people, which in turn predicted lower empathy for racial/ethnic minority group members. Findings also indicated a significant association between ethnocultural empathy and color-blind beliefs at Time 2 through Black and White friendships after controlling for racial color-blind beliefs at Time 1. Police recruits with greater ethnocultural empathy who had more close friendships with Black people subsequently had greater racial awareness (i.e., lower color-blind racial beliefs). On the other hand, police recruits with greater ethnocultural empathy also had fewer White friendships, and these friendships were associated with greater endorsement of color-blind racial beliefs. Exploratory multigroup analyses indicated that these findings were invariant across racial/ethnic minority recruits and White recruits. Limitations, directions for future research, and implications for training and intervention in police samples are discussed.","Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'U of I Access', the embargo will last until 2021-12-01","The student, Andi Quasebarth, accepted the attached license on 2019-12-09 at 20:20.","The student, Andi Quasebarth, submitted this Thesis for approval on 2019-12-09 at 20:30.","This Thesis was approved for publication on 2019-12-10 at 14:02.","DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #14769 on 2020-02-28 at 17:24:14","Made available in DSpace on 2020-03-02T22:15:17Z (GMT). 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