{"id":{"repo_id":"uiuc","oai_identifier":"oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/105722"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/uiuc/oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/105722","repository":{"repo_id":"uiuc","name":"University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign","base_url":"https://www.ideals.illinois.edu/oai-pmh"},"display":{"title":"Effect of rotator cuff muscle fatigue on shoulder muscle activation and posture during driving","abstract":"Rotator cuff (RC) muscle dysfunction impacts the ability to perform daily functional tasks, such as driving. It has been suggested that RC muscle fatigue can mimic rotator cuff tears (RCT) during sudden steering in terms of kinematics. It has also been found that two RC muscles (infraspinatus and supraspinatus) are highly active during driving. However, it is unknown whether fatigue of these muscles would change the kinematic strategy during driving. The aim of this research was to analyze changes in joint angle and electromyography (EMG) signals of the upper extremity in simulated driving to identify compensatory mechanism of rotator cuff muscles. Mean, maximum, standard deviation, and range of motion (ROM) of joint angles for four degrees of freedom (shoulder plane, shoulder elevation, shoulder rotation, and elbow flexion) were examined for four steering patterns (straight, left, right, and complex) and compared between before and after fatigue. Along with kinematic analyses, EMG signals of four muscles (deltoid, supraspinatus, infraspinatus, and biceps) were measured to analyze the relationship between kinematics and muscle usage before and after fatigue. In straight and left turns, usage of the right deltoid significantly increased (p≤0.05) in all three measurements (mean, standard deviation, and maximum) whereas in complex turn, the right bicep was used more (p≤0.05). However, kinematics in corresponding muscles did not show significant change, which indicates change in muscle usage did not impact driver's kinematic strategy. The results suggest that in simple steering, the deltoid compensates for fatigue of RC muscles while in more dynamic steering, the biceps compensate for fatigue of RC muscles. However, the extent of this compensation was minimal as activation level of infraspinatus reached close to its maximum contraction (~96.5% MVC) while non-RC muscles were generally below 30% MVC in all turns.","abstract_html":"Rotator cuff (RC) muscle dysfunction impacts the ability to perform daily functional tasks, such as driving. It has been suggested that RC muscle fatigue can mimic rotator cuff tears (RCT) during sudden steering in terms of kinematics. It has also been found that two RC muscles (infraspinatus and supraspinatus) are highly active during driving. However, it is unknown whether fatigue of these muscles would change the kinematic strategy during driving. The aim of this research was to analyze changes in joint angle and electromyography (EMG) signals of the upper extremity in simulated driving to identify compensatory mechanism of rotator cuff muscles. Mean, maximum, standard deviation, and range of motion (ROM) of joint angles for four degrees of freedom (shoulder plane, shoulder elevation, shoulder rotation, and elbow flexion) were examined for four steering patterns (straight, left, right, and complex) and compared between before and after fatigue. Along with kinematic analyses, EMG signals of four muscles (deltoid, supraspinatus, infraspinatus, and biceps) were measured to analyze the relationship between kinematics and muscle usage before and after fatigue. In straight and left turns, usage of the right deltoid significantly increased (p≤0.05) in all three measurements (mean, standard deviation, and maximum) whereas in complex turn, the right bicep was used more (p≤0.05). However, kinematics in corresponding muscles did not show significant change, which indicates change in muscle usage did not impact driver's kinematic strategy. The results suggest that in simple steering, the deltoid compensates for fatigue of RC muscles while in more dynamic steering, the biceps compensate for fatigue of RC muscles. However, the extent of this compensation was minimal as activation level of infraspinatus reached close to its maximum contraction (~96.5% MVC) while non-RC muscles were generally below 30% MVC in all turns.","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Kim, Woojae"],"institution":"University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign","degree_name":"M.S.","degree_level":"Thesis","degree_discipline":"Mechanical Engineering","degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":["Kersh, Mariana E"],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2019,"date_issued":"2019-11-26T20:35:17Z","date_published":"2019-11-26T20:35:17Z","updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:24:44Z","subjects":["Rotator Cuff Tear","Rotator Cuff Muscles","Shoulder","Biomechanics","Muscle activation","Posture","Kinematics","Fatigue"],"languages":["en"],"rights":["Copyright 2019 Woojae Kim"],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2142/105722","outbound_label":"Handle","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor","label":"Contributor","values":["Kersh, Mariana E"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Kim, Woojae"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date","label":"Dc Date","values":["2019-11-26T20:35:17Z","2019-07-19","2019-08"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["text"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Mechanical Engineering"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["Thesis"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["M.S."]},{"key":"thesis:institution_name","label":"Thesis Institution Name","values":["University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["Rotator Cuff Tear","Rotator Cuff Muscles","Shoulder","Biomechanics","Muscle activation","Posture","Kinematics","Fatigue"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:language","label":"Dc Language","values":["en"]},{"key":"dc:rights","label":"Dc Rights","values":["Copyright 2019 Woojae Kim"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["http://hdl.handle.net/2142/105722"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description","label":"Description","values":["Rotator cuff (RC) muscle dysfunction impacts the ability to perform daily functional tasks, such as driving. It has been suggested that RC muscle fatigue can mimic rotator cuff tears (RCT) during sudden steering in terms of kinematics. It has also been found that two RC muscles (infraspinatus and supraspinatus) are highly active during driving. However, it is unknown whether fatigue of these muscles would change the kinematic strategy during driving. The aim of this research was to analyze changes in joint angle and electromyography (EMG) signals of the upper extremity in simulated driving to identify compensatory mechanism of rotator cuff muscles. Mean, maximum, standard deviation, and range of motion (ROM) of joint angles for four degrees of freedom (shoulder plane, shoulder elevation, shoulder rotation, and elbow flexion) were examined for four steering patterns (straight, left, right, and complex) and compared between before and after fatigue. Along with kinematic analyses, EMG signals of four muscles (deltoid, supraspinatus, infraspinatus, and biceps) were measured to analyze the relationship between kinematics and muscle usage before and after fatigue. In straight and left turns, usage of the right deltoid significantly increased (p≤0.05) in all three measurements (mean, standard deviation, and maximum) whereas in complex turn, the right bicep was used more (p≤0.05). However, kinematics in corresponding muscles did not show significant change, which indicates change in muscle usage did not impact driver's kinematic strategy. The results suggest that in simple steering, the deltoid compensates for fatigue of RC muscles while in more dynamic steering, the biceps compensate for fatigue of RC muscles. However, the extent of this compensation was minimal as activation level of infraspinatus reached close to its maximum contraction (~96.5% MVC) while non-RC muscles were generally below 30% MVC in all turns.","Submission original under an indefinite embargo labeled 'Open Access'. The submission was exported from vireo on 2019-11-26 without embargo terms","The student, Woojae Kim, accepted the attached license on 2019-07-18 at 13:21.","The student, Woojae Kim, submitted this Thesis for approval on 2019-07-18 at 13:39.","This Thesis was approved for publication on 2019-07-19 at 08:34.","DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #14381 on 2019-11-26 at 12:54:22","Made available in DSpace on 2019-11-26T20:35:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 KIM-THESIS-2019.pdf: 2813117 bytes, checksum: 2c87a4de950fdd66baee21b90f519032 (MD5) LICENSE.txt: 4207 bytes, checksum: 99e5d417fdd65b583441007daef71e95 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2019-07-19"]},{"key":"dc:format","label":"Dc Format","values":["application/pdf"]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["Effect of rotator cuff muscle fatigue on shoulder muscle activation and posture during driving"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor":["Kersh, Mariana E"],"dc:creator":["Kim, Woojae"],"dc:date":["2019-11-26T20:35:17Z","2019-07-19","2019-08"],"dc:description":["Rotator cuff (RC) muscle dysfunction impacts the ability to perform daily functional tasks, such as driving. It has been suggested that RC muscle fatigue can mimic rotator cuff tears (RCT) during sudden steering in terms of kinematics. It has also been found that two RC muscles (infraspinatus and supraspinatus) are highly active during driving. However, it is unknown whether fatigue of these muscles would change the kinematic strategy during driving. The aim of this research was to analyze changes in joint angle and electromyography (EMG) signals of the upper extremity in simulated driving to identify compensatory mechanism of rotator cuff muscles. Mean, maximum, standard deviation, and range of motion (ROM) of joint angles for four degrees of freedom (shoulder plane, shoulder elevation, shoulder rotation, and elbow flexion) were examined for four steering patterns (straight, left, right, and complex) and compared between before and after fatigue. Along with kinematic analyses, EMG signals of four muscles (deltoid, supraspinatus, infraspinatus, and biceps) were measured to analyze the relationship between kinematics and muscle usage before and after fatigue. In straight and left turns, usage of the right deltoid significantly increased (p≤0.05) in all three measurements (mean, standard deviation, and maximum) whereas in complex turn, the right bicep was used more (p≤0.05). However, kinematics in corresponding muscles did not show significant change, which indicates change in muscle usage did not impact driver's kinematic strategy. The results suggest that in simple steering, the deltoid compensates for fatigue of RC muscles while in more dynamic steering, the biceps compensate for fatigue of RC muscles. However, the extent of this compensation was minimal as activation level of infraspinatus reached close to its maximum contraction (~96.5% MVC) while non-RC muscles were generally below 30% MVC in all turns.","Submission original under an indefinite embargo labeled 'Open Access'. The submission was exported from vireo on 2019-11-26 without embargo terms","The student, Woojae Kim, accepted the attached license on 2019-07-18 at 13:21.","The student, Woojae Kim, submitted this Thesis for approval on 2019-07-18 at 13:39.","This Thesis was approved for publication on 2019-07-19 at 08:34.","DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #14381 on 2019-11-26 at 12:54:22","Made available in DSpace on 2019-11-26T20:35:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 KIM-THESIS-2019.pdf: 2813117 bytes, checksum: 2c87a4de950fdd66baee21b90f519032 (MD5) LICENSE.txt: 4207 bytes, checksum: 99e5d417fdd65b583441007daef71e95 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2019-07-19"],"dc:format":["application/pdf"],"dc:identifier":["http://hdl.handle.net/2142/105722"],"dc:language":["en"],"dc:rights":["Copyright 2019 Woojae Kim"],"dc:subject":["Rotator Cuff Tear","Rotator Cuff Muscles","Shoulder","Biomechanics","Muscle activation","Posture","Kinematics","Fatigue"],"dc:title":["Effect of rotator cuff muscle fatigue on shoulder muscle activation and posture during driving"],"dc:type":["text"],"thesis:degree_discipline":["Mechanical Engineering"],"thesis:degree_level":["Thesis"],"thesis:degree_name":["M.S."],"thesis:institution_name":["University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:24:44Z"}