{"id":{"repo_id":"uiuc","oai_identifier":"oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/105023"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/uiuc/oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/105023","repository":{"repo_id":"uiuc","name":"University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign","base_url":"https://www.ideals.illinois.edu/oai-pmh"},"display":{"title":"Performance of a multiple stage hot water pretreatment on sugarcane bagasse and its economic analysis","abstract":"Cellulosic ethanol production has and continues to be widely investigated for commercial operation using corn stover and sugarcane bagasse. The lack of an effective and scalable pretreatment operation remains a major technical obstacle to wide spread commercialization. Combining multiple mild pretreatment methods might overcome the drawbacks of each one and achieve desirable product yields. However, combining pretreatment operations increases both process complexity and fixed capital investment. In this thesis, a two-stage hot water and disk milling pretreatment combined with use of a commercial xylose-glucose cofermenting Saccharomyces yeast strain is evaluated for advanced ethanol production. Fermentation of 10% solids resulted in a final ethanol titer of 36.4 g/L from 180°C hot water pretreated and disk milled sugarcane bagasse, which equates to a conversion efficiency of 93.8% of theoretical. Applying disk milling increased both sugar release and ethanol production from hot water pretreated bagasse, but 3 g/L xylose remained after 96 hr of cofermentation. The process was modified to ensure all the monosaccharides extracted from the biomass were fermented to ethanol. The biomass was deacetylated by soaking in a mild alkaline solution prior to pretreatment with hot water and by fermenting with a mixture of two commercial Saccharomyces yeast strains. The original glucose-xylose cofermenting yeast strain was combined with a standard glucose-fermenting strain. The modified three-stage pretreatment process (deacetylation, hot water pretreatment and disk milling) was evaluated for corn stover and sugarcane bagasse. Two thirds of the acetyl groups present in the biomass were removed by deacetylation and acetic acid released during hot water pretreatment was subsequently decreased by 73% with either feedstock. Inclusion of a deacetylation step decreased residual xylose to 1.9 g/L for corn stover and 1.2 g/L for sugarcane bagasse fermentations. Deacetylating corn stover increased the final ethanol titer by 22.7% and had no effect on the sugarcane bagasse fermentation. Residual xylose was successfully eliminated (<0.5 g/L) during fermentation of either feedstock by blending the conventional and glucose-xylose engineered Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains. The economics of the three stage pretreatment using engineered yeast were analyzed for industrial application. The cellulosic ethanol plant was designed to process 2000 M.T. dry sugarcane bagasse per day. Total fixed capital investment was estimated to be $300.38 million, of which 38.94% was contributed by hot water pretreatment. Economics were analyzed assuming either 10% or 16% solids in the fermentation tank. The minimum ethanol selling prices at 10% and 16% solids were $4.71 /gal and $4.62/gal respectively. Using sensitivity cost analysis, we determined that engineered cofermentation yeast medium price was the most important factor.","abstract_html":"Cellulosic ethanol production has and continues to be widely investigated for commercial operation using corn stover and sugarcane bagasse. The lack of an effective and scalable pretreatment operation remains a major technical obstacle to wide spread commercialization. Combining multiple mild pretreatment methods might overcome the drawbacks of each one and achieve desirable product yields. However, combining pretreatment operations increases both process complexity and fixed capital investment. In this thesis, a two-stage hot water and disk milling pretreatment combined with use of a commercial xylose-glucose cofermenting Saccharomyces yeast strain is evaluated for advanced ethanol production. Fermentation of 10% solids resulted in a final ethanol titer of 36.4 g/L from 180°C hot water pretreated and disk milled sugarcane bagasse, which equates to a conversion efficiency of 93.8% of theoretical. Applying disk milling increased both sugar release and ethanol production from hot water pretreated bagasse, but 3 g/L xylose remained after 96 hr of cofermentation. The process was modified to ensure all the monosaccharides extracted from the biomass were fermented to ethanol. The biomass was deacetylated by soaking in a mild alkaline solution prior to pretreatment with hot water and by fermenting with a mixture of two commercial Saccharomyces yeast strains. The original glucose-xylose cofermenting yeast strain was combined with a standard glucose-fermenting strain. The modified three-stage pretreatment process (deacetylation, hot water pretreatment and disk milling) was evaluated for corn stover and sugarcane bagasse. Two thirds of the acetyl groups present in the biomass were removed by deacetylation and acetic acid released during hot water pretreatment was subsequently decreased by 73% with either feedstock. Inclusion of a deacetylation step decreased residual xylose to 1.9 g/L for corn stover and 1.2 g/L for sugarcane bagasse fermentations. Deacetylating corn stover increased the final ethanol titer by 22.7% and had no effect on the sugarcane bagasse fermentation. Residual xylose was successfully eliminated (&lt;0.5 g/L) during fermentation of either feedstock by blending the conventional and glucose-xylose engineered Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains. The economics of the three stage pretreatment using engineered yeast were analyzed for industrial application. The cellulosic ethanol plant was designed to process 2000 M.T. dry sugarcane bagasse per day. Total fixed capital investment was estimated to be $300.38 million, of which 38.94% was contributed by hot water pretreatment. Economics were analyzed assuming either 10% or 16% solids in the fermentation tank. The minimum ethanol selling prices at 10% and 16% solids were $4.71 /gal and $4.62/gal respectively. Using sensitivity cost analysis, we determined that engineered cofermentation yeast medium price was the most important factor.","abstract_has_math":true,"creators":["Wang, Zhaoqin"],"institution":"University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign","degree_name":"Ph.D.","degree_level":"Dissertation","degree_discipline":"Agricultural & Biological Engr","degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":["Singh, Vijay","Jin, Yong-Su","Rausch, Kent D.","Dien, Bruce S.","Tumbleson, Mike E."],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2019,"date_issued":"2019-08-23T20:35:54Z","date_published":"2019-08-23T20:35:54Z","updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:24:44Z","subjects":["Hot water pretreatment Sugarcane bagasse Cellulosic ethanol"],"languages":["en"],"rights":["Copyright 2019 Zhaoqin Wang"],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2142/105023","outbound_label":"Handle","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor","label":"Contributor","values":["Singh, Vijay","Jin, Yong-Su","Rausch, Kent D.","Dien, Bruce S.","Tumbleson, Mike E."]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Wang, Zhaoqin"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date","label":"Dc Date","values":["2019-08-23T20:35:54Z","2021-08-24T09:15:20Z","2019-04-17","2019-05"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["text"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Agricultural & Biological Engr"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["Dissertation"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["Ph.D."]},{"key":"thesis:institution_name","label":"Thesis Institution Name","values":["University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["Hot water pretreatment Sugarcane bagasse Cellulosic ethanol"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:language","label":"Dc Language","values":["en"]},{"key":"dc:rights","label":"Dc Rights","values":["Copyright 2019 Zhaoqin Wang"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["http://hdl.handle.net/2142/105023"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description","label":"Description","values":["Cellulosic ethanol production has and continues to be widely investigated for commercial operation using corn stover and sugarcane bagasse. The lack of an effective and scalable pretreatment operation remains a major technical obstacle to wide spread commercialization. Combining multiple mild pretreatment methods might overcome the drawbacks of each one and achieve desirable product yields. However, combining pretreatment operations increases both process complexity and fixed capital investment. In this thesis, a two-stage hot water and disk milling pretreatment combined with use of a commercial xylose-glucose cofermenting Saccharomyces yeast strain is evaluated for advanced ethanol production. Fermentation of 10% solids resulted in a final ethanol titer of 36.4 g/L from 180°C hot water pretreated and disk milled sugarcane bagasse, which equates to a conversion efficiency of 93.8% of theoretical. Applying disk milling increased both sugar release and ethanol production from hot water pretreated bagasse, but 3 g/L xylose remained after 96 hr of cofermentation. The process was modified to ensure all the monosaccharides extracted from the biomass were fermented to ethanol. The biomass was deacetylated by soaking in a mild alkaline solution prior to pretreatment with hot water and by fermenting with a mixture of two commercial Saccharomyces yeast strains. The original glucose-xylose cofermenting yeast strain was combined with a standard glucose-fermenting strain. The modified three-stage pretreatment process (deacetylation, hot water pretreatment and disk milling) was evaluated for corn stover and sugarcane bagasse. Two thirds of the acetyl groups present in the biomass were removed by deacetylation and acetic acid released during hot water pretreatment was subsequently decreased by 73% with either feedstock. Inclusion of a deacetylation step decreased residual xylose to 1.9 g/L for corn stover and 1.2 g/L for sugarcane bagasse fermentations. Deacetylating corn stover increased the final ethanol titer by 22.7% and had no effect on the sugarcane bagasse fermentation. Residual xylose was successfully eliminated (<0.5 g/L) during fermentation of either feedstock by blending the conventional and glucose-xylose engineered Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains. The economics of the three stage pretreatment using engineered yeast were analyzed for industrial application. The cellulosic ethanol plant was designed to process 2000 M.T. dry sugarcane bagasse per day. Total fixed capital investment was estimated to be $300.38 million, of which 38.94% was contributed by hot water pretreatment. Economics were analyzed assuming either 10% or 16% solids in the fermentation tank. The minimum ethanol selling prices at 10% and 16% solids were $4.71 /gal and $4.62/gal respectively. Using sensitivity cost analysis, we determined that engineered cofermentation yeast medium price was the most important factor.","Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'U of I Access', the embargo will last until 2021-05-01","The student, Zhaoqin Wang, accepted the attached license on 2019-04-15 at 11:20.","The student, Zhaoqin Wang, submitted this Dissertation for approval on 2019-04-15 at 11:25.","This Dissertation was approved for publication on 2019-04-17 at 08:11.","DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #13616 on 2019-08-22 at 15:06:19","Made available in DSpace on 2019-08-23T20:35:54Z (GMT). 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The lack of an effective and scalable pretreatment operation remains a major technical obstacle to wide spread commercialization. Combining multiple mild pretreatment methods might overcome the drawbacks of each one and achieve desirable product yields. However, combining pretreatment operations increases both process complexity and fixed capital investment. In this thesis, a two-stage hot water and disk milling pretreatment combined with use of a commercial xylose-glucose cofermenting Saccharomyces yeast strain is evaluated for advanced ethanol production. Fermentation of 10% solids resulted in a final ethanol titer of 36.4 g/L from 180°C hot water pretreated and disk milled sugarcane bagasse, which equates to a conversion efficiency of 93.8% of theoretical. Applying disk milling increased both sugar release and ethanol production from hot water pretreated bagasse, but 3 g/L xylose remained after 96 hr of cofermentation. The process was modified to ensure all the monosaccharides extracted from the biomass were fermented to ethanol. The biomass was deacetylated by soaking in a mild alkaline solution prior to pretreatment with hot water and by fermenting with a mixture of two commercial Saccharomyces yeast strains. The original glucose-xylose cofermenting yeast strain was combined with a standard glucose-fermenting strain. The modified three-stage pretreatment process (deacetylation, hot water pretreatment and disk milling) was evaluated for corn stover and sugarcane bagasse. Two thirds of the acetyl groups present in the biomass were removed by deacetylation and acetic acid released during hot water pretreatment was subsequently decreased by 73% with either feedstock. Inclusion of a deacetylation step decreased residual xylose to 1.9 g/L for corn stover and 1.2 g/L for sugarcane bagasse fermentations. Deacetylating corn stover increased the final ethanol titer by 22.7% and had no effect on the sugarcane bagasse fermentation. Residual xylose was successfully eliminated (<0.5 g/L) during fermentation of either feedstock by blending the conventional and glucose-xylose engineered Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains. The economics of the three stage pretreatment using engineered yeast were analyzed for industrial application. The cellulosic ethanol plant was designed to process 2000 M.T. dry sugarcane bagasse per day. Total fixed capital investment was estimated to be $300.38 million, of which 38.94% was contributed by hot water pretreatment. Economics were analyzed assuming either 10% or 16% solids in the fermentation tank. The minimum ethanol selling prices at 10% and 16% solids were $4.71 /gal and $4.62/gal respectively. Using sensitivity cost analysis, we determined that engineered cofermentation yeast medium price was the most important factor.","Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'U of I Access', the embargo will last until 2021-05-01","The student, Zhaoqin Wang, accepted the attached license on 2019-04-15 at 11:20.","The student, Zhaoqin Wang, submitted this Dissertation for approval on 2019-04-15 at 11:25.","This Dissertation was approved for publication on 2019-04-17 at 08:11.","DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #13616 on 2019-08-22 at 15:06:19","Made available in DSpace on 2019-08-23T20:35:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 WANG-DISSERTATION-2019.pdf: 2144305 bytes, checksum: aaad6d6fa80aa2d7e16bd3264fa47447 (MD5) LICENSE.txt: 4209 bytes, checksum: 671f5d7c0e00c561f229d3479671da27 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2019-04-17","Embargo set by: Seth Robbins for item 112142 Lift date: 2021-08-23T20:36:18Z Reason: Author requested U of Illinois access only (OA after 2yrs) in Vireo ETD system","U of I Only Restriction Lifted for Item 112142 on 2021-08-24T09:15:20Z."],"dc:format":["application/pdf"],"dc:identifier":["http://hdl.handle.net/2142/105023"],"dc:language":["en"],"dc:rights":["Copyright 2019 Zhaoqin Wang"],"dc:subject":["Hot water pretreatment Sugarcane bagasse Cellulosic ethanol"],"dc:title":["Performance of a multiple stage hot water pretreatment on sugarcane bagasse and its economic analysis"],"dc:type":["text"],"thesis:degree_discipline":["Agricultural & Biological Engr"],"thesis:degree_level":["Dissertation"],"thesis:degree_name":["Ph.D."],"thesis:institution_name":["University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:24:44Z"}