{"id":{"repo_id":"uiuc","oai_identifier":"oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/105009"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/uiuc/oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/105009","repository":{"repo_id":"uiuc","name":"University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign","base_url":"https://www.ideals.illinois.edu/oai-pmh"},"display":{"title":"Use of 15N-labeled anhydrous NH3 to determine the efficiency of fall N fertilization for corn production","abstract":"Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'U of I Access', the embargo will last until 2021-05-01","abstract_html":"Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'U of I Access', the embargo will last until 2021-05-01","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Griesheim, Kelsey Luella"],"institution":"University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign","degree_name":"M.S.","degree_level":"Thesis","degree_discipline":"Natural Res & Env Sciences","degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":["Mulvaney, Richard L."],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2019,"date_issued":"2019-08-23T20:35:50Z","date_published":"2019-08-23T20:35:50Z","updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:24:44Z","subjects":["field-plot research","nitrapyrin","nitrification inhibitor","15N","anhydrous ammonia","fertilizer N uptake efficiency","soil N mineralization"],"languages":["en"],"rights":["Copyright 2019 Kelsey Griesheim"],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2142/105009","outbound_label":"Handle","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor","label":"Contributor","values":["Mulvaney, Richard L."]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Griesheim, Kelsey Luella"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date","label":"Dc Date","values":["2019-08-23T20:35:50Z","2021-08-24T09:15:20Z","2019-04-12","2019-05"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["text"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Natural Res & Env Sciences"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["Thesis"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["M.S."]},{"key":"thesis:institution_name","label":"Thesis Institution Name","values":["University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["field-plot research","nitrapyrin","nitrification inhibitor","15N","anhydrous ammonia","fertilizer N uptake efficiency","soil N mineralization"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:language","label":"Dc Language","values":["en"]},{"key":"dc:rights","label":"Dc Rights","values":["Copyright 2019 Kelsey Griesheim"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["http://hdl.handle.net/2142/105009"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description","label":"Description","values":["Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'U of I Access', the embargo will last until 2021-05-01","The student, Kelsey Griesheim, accepted the attached license on 2019-04-11 at 14:17.","The student, Kelsey Griesheim, submitted this Thesis for approval on 2019-04-11 at 14:24.","This Thesis was approved for publication on 2019-04-12 at 16:14.","DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #13569 on 2019-08-22 at 15:05:56","Made available in DSpace on 2019-08-23T20:35:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 GRIESHEIM-THESIS-2019.pdf: 745072 bytes, checksum: 20ed3c896b25f6f4755cf791c931a12d (MD5) LICENSE.txt: 4213 bytes, checksum: 8b8940c4e19e62db9fe2143f0ea00a87 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2019-04-12","Embargo set by: Seth Robbins for item 112128 Lift date: 2021-08-23T20:36:18Z Reason: Author requested U of Illinois access only (OA after 2yrs) in Vireo ETD system","U of I Only Restriction Lifted for Item 112128 on 2021-08-24T09:15:20Z.","Fall application of anhydrous ammonia (NH3) is a common practice for corn (Zea mays L.) production in the Midwestern USA, but evaluations to date have relied entirely on yield comparisons that provide no means of distinguishing fertilizer from soil N uptake. A more rigorous evaluation of this practice requires the use of 15NH3, which has long been impeded by the difficulties and safety hazards inherent to a liquefied gas that must be handled and applied under pressure. A manifold system is described for transferring known quantities of NH3 from labeled and unlabeled sources to obtain a desired 15N enrichment, and for collecting the mixture cryogenically in a tank specifically configured for knifed applications using a tractor-mounted tool bar. Enrichments of 1.2–1.5 atom % 15N were obtained for 3 kg of NH3 prepared within a normal working day by a fifteen-fold dilution with 10 atom % 15N as the starting label. A collection capacity of such magnitude represents a 3000% upscaling over systems previously described for this purpose, providing an essential prerequisite for field plot research to realistically assess the fate and fertilizer value of anhydrous NH3. In using this system, six field trials were conducted between 2016 and 2018 by applying 224 kg N ha-1 with and without the use of nitrapyrin (NP) or an experimental alternative (EP) for inhibiting nitrification. Significant grain yield response to fall N fertilization averaged 46% at five of the six sites studied in both years of the experiment. Isotopic estimates of fertilizer N uptake efficiency (FNUE) ranged from 12 to 34% for grain and from 16 to 42% for total aboveground biomass, while in both cases N derived from fertilizer (NDFF) never exceeded 50%. A significant increase in FNUE occurred with NP but not EP at only two sites studied, whereas site differences in soil organic C and potentially mineralizable N had a much larger effect on crop uptake of 15N. The results show that, even with the addition of NP, the majority of the N applied in the fall as anhydrous NH3 is not taken up by the following corn crop. If this practice is to be used, uptake efficiency can be improved by accounting for soil N mineralization."]},{"key":"dc:format","label":"Dc Format","values":["application/pdf"]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["Use of 15N-labeled anhydrous NH3 to determine the efficiency of fall N fertilization for corn production"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor":["Mulvaney, Richard L."],"dc:creator":["Griesheim, Kelsey Luella"],"dc:date":["2019-08-23T20:35:50Z","2021-08-24T09:15:20Z","2019-04-12","2019-05"],"dc:description":["Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'U of I Access', the embargo will last until 2021-05-01","The student, Kelsey Griesheim, accepted the attached license on 2019-04-11 at 14:17.","The student, Kelsey Griesheim, submitted this Thesis for approval on 2019-04-11 at 14:24.","This Thesis was approved for publication on 2019-04-12 at 16:14.","DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #13569 on 2019-08-22 at 15:05:56","Made available in DSpace on 2019-08-23T20:35:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 GRIESHEIM-THESIS-2019.pdf: 745072 bytes, checksum: 20ed3c896b25f6f4755cf791c931a12d (MD5) LICENSE.txt: 4213 bytes, checksum: 8b8940c4e19e62db9fe2143f0ea00a87 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2019-04-12","Embargo set by: Seth Robbins for item 112128 Lift date: 2021-08-23T20:36:18Z Reason: Author requested U of Illinois access only (OA after 2yrs) in Vireo ETD system","U of I Only Restriction Lifted for Item 112128 on 2021-08-24T09:15:20Z.","Fall application of anhydrous ammonia (NH3) is a common practice for corn (Zea mays L.) production in the Midwestern USA, but evaluations to date have relied entirely on yield comparisons that provide no means of distinguishing fertilizer from soil N uptake. A more rigorous evaluation of this practice requires the use of 15NH3, which has long been impeded by the difficulties and safety hazards inherent to a liquefied gas that must be handled and applied under pressure. A manifold system is described for transferring known quantities of NH3 from labeled and unlabeled sources to obtain a desired 15N enrichment, and for collecting the mixture cryogenically in a tank specifically configured for knifed applications using a tractor-mounted tool bar. Enrichments of 1.2–1.5 atom % 15N were obtained for 3 kg of NH3 prepared within a normal working day by a fifteen-fold dilution with 10 atom % 15N as the starting label. A collection capacity of such magnitude represents a 3000% upscaling over systems previously described for this purpose, providing an essential prerequisite for field plot research to realistically assess the fate and fertilizer value of anhydrous NH3. In using this system, six field trials were conducted between 2016 and 2018 by applying 224 kg N ha-1 with and without the use of nitrapyrin (NP) or an experimental alternative (EP) for inhibiting nitrification. Significant grain yield response to fall N fertilization averaged 46% at five of the six sites studied in both years of the experiment. Isotopic estimates of fertilizer N uptake efficiency (FNUE) ranged from 12 to 34% for grain and from 16 to 42% for total aboveground biomass, while in both cases N derived from fertilizer (NDFF) never exceeded 50%. A significant increase in FNUE occurred with NP but not EP at only two sites studied, whereas site differences in soil organic C and potentially mineralizable N had a much larger effect on crop uptake of 15N. The results show that, even with the addition of NP, the majority of the N applied in the fall as anhydrous NH3 is not taken up by the following corn crop. If this practice is to be used, uptake efficiency can be improved by accounting for soil N mineralization."],"dc:format":["application/pdf"],"dc:identifier":["http://hdl.handle.net/2142/105009"],"dc:language":["en"],"dc:rights":["Copyright 2019 Kelsey Griesheim"],"dc:subject":["field-plot research","nitrapyrin","nitrification inhibitor","15N","anhydrous ammonia","fertilizer N uptake efficiency","soil N mineralization"],"dc:title":["Use of 15N-labeled anhydrous NH3 to determine the efficiency of fall N fertilization for corn production"],"dc:type":["text"],"thesis:degree_discipline":["Natural Res & Env Sciences"],"thesis:degree_level":["Thesis"],"thesis:degree_name":["M.S."],"thesis:institution_name":["University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:24:44Z"}