Management during the dry period and its effect on hepatic and adipose tissue molecular biomarkers of metabolism and health in grazing dairy cows
type: CreativeWork
description: A successful transition into lactation determines optimum production, reproduction, and health. The peripartum period is characterized by an inflammatory state that, if not controlled, could be detrimental to the cow. The first experiment examined hepatic and adipose gene expression in response to injections of a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory compound (Carprofen) on 1, 3, and 5 d postpartum. Results indicated that after calving both tissues respond to inflammation signals, underscoring its role in the normal homeorhetic adaptations to lactation. The second experiment investigated the effect of prepartal nutrition and its interaction with BCS on hepatic and adipose tissue transcriptome, and the liver one-carbon metabolism and transulfuration pathway. Cows were randomly allocated to one of four groups in a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement: 4.0 or 5.0 BCS prepartum (10-point scale) and dietary energy at 75 or 125% of estimated requirements during the close-up. Tissue biopsies were harvested at -1, 1 and 4 wk relative to parturition. The greater number of hepatic differentially expressed genes in BCS4 cows in response to increased prepartum feed allowance (1071 vs 310, over the entire transition period) indicated a greater responsiveness to prepartum nutrition than optimally-conditioned cows. Thus, overfeeding in late-pregnancy should be limited to underconditioned cows, while cows with optimal BCS should be maintained on an energy-restricted diet. Adipose tissue mRNA and microRNA expression further confirmed this hypothesis, and indicated a relationship between the immune and metabolic response of the adipose tissue underscoring the existence of a “self-regulatory” mechanism. The extensive analysis of the hepatic one-carbon metabolism and related pathways highlighted fundamental differences in the metabolic progression of grazing cows compared to their higher-yield counterpart in TMR-based systems. Results also indicated a greater flux through these pathways in optimally …
abstract: A successful transition into lactation determines optimum production, reproduction, and health. The peripartum period is characterized by an inflammatory state that, if not controlled, could be detrimental to the cow. The first experiment examined hepatic and adipose gene expression in response to injections of a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory compound (Carprofen) on 1, 3, and 5 d postpartum. Results indicated that after calving both tissues respond to inflammation signals, underscoring its role in the normal homeorhetic adaptations to lactation. The second experiment investigated the effect of prepartal nutrition and its interaction with BCS on hepatic and adipose tissue transcriptome, and the liver one-carbon metabolism and transulfuration pathway. Cows were randomly allocated to one of four groups in a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement: 4.0 or 5.0 BCS prepartum (10-point scale) and dietary energy at 75 or 125% of estimated requirements during the close-up. Tissue biopsies were harvested at -1, 1 and 4 wk relative to parturition. The greater number of hepatic differentially expressed genes in BCS4 cows in response to increased prepartum feed allowance (1071 vs 310, over the entire transition period) indicated a greater responsiveness to prepartum nutrition than optimally-conditioned cows. Thus, overfeeding in late-pregnancy should be limited to underconditioned cows, while cows with optimal BCS should be maintained on an energy-restricted diet. Adipose tissue mRNA and microRNA expression further confirmed this hypothesis, and indicated a relationship between the immune and metabolic response of the adipose tissue underscoring the existence of a “self-regulatory” mechanism. The extensive analysis of the hepatic one-carbon metabolism and related pathways highlighted fundamental differences in the metabolic progression of grazing cows compared to their higher-yield counterpart in TMR-based systems. Results also indicated a greater flux through these pathways in optimally …
author: Vailati Riboni, Mario Pietro Emilio
language: en
keywords: Transition cow, liver and adipose transcriptome, inflammation, prepartum nutrition
date published: 2019-08-23T19:55:47Z
date modified: 2026-07-22T22:24:42Z
provider: University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign
publisher: Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations
type: WebPage
source organization: University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign

PropertyValue
property ID: Handle
value: http://hdl.handle.net/2142/104874