{"id":{"repo_id":"uiuc","oai_identifier":"oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/104869"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/uiuc/oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/104869","repository":{"repo_id":"uiuc","name":"University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign","base_url":"https://www.ideals.illinois.edu/oai-pmh"},"display":{"title":"Parenting and internalizing symptoms in early adolescence: The moderating role of vagal tone","abstract":"The present study investigated baseline respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) as moderator of the prospective association between parenting and internalizing symptoms among a group of typically developing adolescents across the transition to middle school. At Time 1 (5th grade; spring before middle school transition), participants included 100 young adolescents (53% boys; 57% European American; Mage = 11.05 years, SD = .33) and their mothers (Mage = 41.25 years, SD = 6.22; 96.0% biological). At Time 2 (6th grade; fall after middle school transition), 89 adolescents and their mothers returned. To address study aims, a multi-informant, multi-method, longitudinal design was used. At Time 1, mothers reported on monitoring knowledge and psychological control, and adolescents’ baseline RSA was measured during a resting baseline period. At Times 1 and 2, adolescents reported on three indices of internalizing symptoms (depressive symptoms, social anxiety, loneliness and social dissatisfaction). Results from multiple regression analyses revealed that lower levels of maternal monitoring knowledge and higher levels of psychological control were predictive of higher levels of depressive symptoms and loneliness. Further, among boys, lower baseline RSA exacerbated the link between maternal psychological control and higher levels of depressive symptoms and loneliness, whereas higher baseline RSA attenuated the effect. Overall, findings were consistent with prior evidence of lower baseline RSA as a risk factor and higher baseline RSA as a protective factor against psychopathology, contributing the growing literature on the effects of the interplay between parenting and youth ANS functioning on youth mental health.","abstract_html":"The present study investigated baseline respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) as moderator of the prospective association between parenting and internalizing symptoms among a group of typically developing adolescents across the transition to middle school. At Time 1 (5th grade; spring before middle school transition), participants included 100 young adolescents (53% boys; 57% European American; Mage = 11.05 years, SD = .33) and their mothers (Mage = 41.25 years, SD = 6.22; 96.0% biological). At Time 2 (6th grade; fall after middle school transition), 89 adolescents and their mothers returned. To address study aims, a multi-informant, multi-method, longitudinal design was used. At Time 1, mothers reported on monitoring knowledge and psychological control, and adolescents’ baseline RSA was measured during a resting baseline period. At Times 1 and 2, adolescents reported on three indices of internalizing symptoms (depressive symptoms, social anxiety, loneliness and social dissatisfaction). Results from multiple regression analyses revealed that lower levels of maternal monitoring knowledge and higher levels of psychological control were predictive of higher levels of depressive symptoms and loneliness. Further, among boys, lower baseline RSA exacerbated the link between maternal psychological control and higher levels of depressive symptoms and loneliness, whereas higher baseline RSA attenuated the effect. Overall, findings were consistent with prior evidence of lower baseline RSA as a risk factor and higher baseline RSA as a protective factor against psychopathology, contributing the growing literature on the effects of the interplay between parenting and youth ANS functioning on youth mental health.","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Cai, Tianying"],"institution":"University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign","degree_name":"M.S.","degree_level":"Thesis","degree_discipline":"Human Dvlpmt & Family Studies","degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":["Tu, Kelly M.","Larson, Reed W."],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2019,"date_issued":"2019-08-23T19:55:46Z","date_published":"2019-08-23T19:55:46Z","updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:24:42Z","subjects":["Parental monitoring knowledge","Psychological control","Early adolescence","Internalizing symptoms","Vagal tone"],"languages":["en"],"rights":["Copyright 2019 Tianying Cai"],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2142/104869","outbound_label":"Handle","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor","label":"Contributor","values":["Tu, Kelly M.","Larson, Reed W."]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Cai, Tianying"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date","label":"Dc Date","values":["2019-08-23T19:55:46Z","2019-04-19","2019-05"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["text"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Human Dvlpmt & Family Studies"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["Thesis"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["M.S."]},{"key":"thesis:institution_name","label":"Thesis Institution Name","values":["University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["Parental monitoring knowledge","Psychological control","Early adolescence","Internalizing symptoms","Vagal tone"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:language","label":"Dc Language","values":["en"]},{"key":"dc:rights","label":"Dc Rights","values":["Copyright 2019 Tianying Cai"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["http://hdl.handle.net/2142/104869"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description","label":"Description","values":["The present study investigated baseline respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) as moderator of the prospective association between parenting and internalizing symptoms among a group of typically developing adolescents across the transition to middle school. At Time 1 (5th grade; spring before middle school transition), participants included 100 young adolescents (53% boys; 57% European American; Mage = 11.05 years, SD = .33) and their mothers (Mage = 41.25 years, SD = 6.22; 96.0% biological). At Time 2 (6th grade; fall after middle school transition), 89 adolescents and their mothers returned. To address study aims, a multi-informant, multi-method, longitudinal design was used. At Time 1, mothers reported on monitoring knowledge and psychological control, and adolescents’ baseline RSA was measured during a resting baseline period. At Times 1 and 2, adolescents reported on three indices of internalizing symptoms (depressive symptoms, social anxiety, loneliness and social dissatisfaction). Results from multiple regression analyses revealed that lower levels of maternal monitoring knowledge and higher levels of psychological control were predictive of higher levels of depressive symptoms and loneliness. Further, among boys, lower baseline RSA exacerbated the link between maternal psychological control and higher levels of depressive symptoms and loneliness, whereas higher baseline RSA attenuated the effect. Overall, findings were consistent with prior evidence of lower baseline RSA as a risk factor and higher baseline RSA as a protective factor against psychopathology, contributing the growing literature on the effects of the interplay between parenting and youth ANS functioning on youth mental health.","Submission original under an indefinite embargo labeled 'Open Access'. The submission was exported from vireo on 2019-08-22 without embargo terms","The student, Tianying Cai, accepted the attached license on 2019-04-18 at 14:53.","The student, Tianying Cai, submitted this Thesis for approval on 2019-04-18 at 14:55.","This Thesis was approved for publication on 2019-04-19 at 14:02.","DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #13749 on 2019-08-22 at 14:44:50","Made available in DSpace on 2019-08-23T19:55:46Z (GMT). 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At Time 1 (5th grade; spring before middle school transition), participants included 100 young adolescents (53% boys; 57% European American; Mage = 11.05 years, SD = .33) and their mothers (Mage = 41.25 years, SD = 6.22; 96.0% biological). At Time 2 (6th grade; fall after middle school transition), 89 adolescents and their mothers returned. To address study aims, a multi-informant, multi-method, longitudinal design was used. At Time 1, mothers reported on monitoring knowledge and psychological control, and adolescents’ baseline RSA was measured during a resting baseline period. At Times 1 and 2, adolescents reported on three indices of internalizing symptoms (depressive symptoms, social anxiety, loneliness and social dissatisfaction). Results from multiple regression analyses revealed that lower levels of maternal monitoring knowledge and higher levels of psychological control were predictive of higher levels of depressive symptoms and loneliness. Further, among boys, lower baseline RSA exacerbated the link between maternal psychological control and higher levels of depressive symptoms and loneliness, whereas higher baseline RSA attenuated the effect. Overall, findings were consistent with prior evidence of lower baseline RSA as a risk factor and higher baseline RSA as a protective factor against psychopathology, contributing the growing literature on the effects of the interplay between parenting and youth ANS functioning on youth mental health.","Submission original under an indefinite embargo labeled 'Open Access'. The submission was exported from vireo on 2019-08-22 without embargo terms","The student, Tianying Cai, accepted the attached license on 2019-04-18 at 14:53.","The student, Tianying Cai, submitted this Thesis for approval on 2019-04-18 at 14:55.","This Thesis was approved for publication on 2019-04-19 at 14:02.","DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #13749 on 2019-08-22 at 14:44:50","Made available in DSpace on 2019-08-23T19:55:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 CAI-THESIS-2019.pdf: 672218 bytes, checksum: 8e01c3c4c1ced425992c8459d3b0ac9a (MD5) LICENSE.txt: 4209 bytes, checksum: 254b79fae6070297fb83636ac4483f28 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2019-04-19"],"dc:format":["application/pdf"],"dc:identifier":["http://hdl.handle.net/2142/104869"],"dc:language":["en"],"dc:rights":["Copyright 2019 Tianying Cai"],"dc:subject":["Parental monitoring knowledge","Psychological control","Early adolescence","Internalizing symptoms","Vagal tone"],"dc:title":["Parenting and internalizing symptoms in early adolescence: The moderating role of vagal tone"],"dc:type":["text"],"thesis:degree_discipline":["Human Dvlpmt & Family Studies"],"thesis:degree_level":["Thesis"],"thesis:degree_name":["M.S."],"thesis:institution_name":["University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:24:42Z"}