{"id":{"repo_id":"uiuc","oai_identifier":"oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/102814"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/uiuc/oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/102814","repository":{"repo_id":"uiuc","name":"University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign","base_url":"https://www.ideals.illinois.edu/oai-pmh"},"display":{"title":"Effect of pavement surface properties on life cycle cost analysis","abstract":"Life Cycle Cost Analysis (LCCA) is one of the most well established methods used in determining the best alternative pavement project. The two main pillars of LCCA are user costs and agency costs. User costs are incurred during normal transportation operation and when there is a work zone present. Costs that occur during normal operating conditions are due to pavement surface profile, while costs that occur during work zone activities are due to agency decisions on work zone conditions. In traditional LCCA, it is assumed that work zones costs are the main part of user costs. The work zone costs include vehicle delay costs, vehicle operating costs, crash costs, and emission costs. On the other hand, costs associated with normal operating conditions, such as vehicle operating costs, are independent of project alternatives and thus they are negligible. However, recent studies have suggested that vehicle operating costs are more sensitive to roughness and texture profile than initially thought. Therefore, even slight changes in pavement surface profile may affect user costs. This study introduces a methodology that considers normal operating conditions in LCCA; including pavement surface properties. The approach is presented in a Microsoft Excel Visual Basic (VBA) tool. Finally, a case study is presented to illustrate the importance of user costs for normal operating conditions and their effect on LCCA. Analysis showed that for medium to low traffic roadways, the impact of normal operating costs is significant when compared to work zone costs. Furthermore, decreasing the number of treatment activities may increase the user costs because the pavement is less frequently improved. In addition, as would be expected, it was found that with increasing discount rates, the significance of normal operating costs further increase.","abstract_html":"Life Cycle Cost Analysis (LCCA) is one of the most well established methods used in determining the best alternative pavement project. The two main pillars of LCCA are user costs and agency costs. User costs are incurred during normal transportation operation and when there is a work zone present. Costs that occur during normal operating conditions are due to pavement surface profile, while costs that occur during work zone activities are due to agency decisions on work zone conditions. In traditional LCCA, it is assumed that work zones costs are the main part of user costs. The work zone costs include vehicle delay costs, vehicle operating costs, crash costs, and emission costs. On the other hand, costs associated with normal operating conditions, such as vehicle operating costs, are independent of project alternatives and thus they are negligible. However, recent studies have suggested that vehicle operating costs are more sensitive to roughness and texture profile than initially thought. Therefore, even slight changes in pavement surface profile may affect user costs. This study introduces a methodology that considers normal operating conditions in LCCA; including pavement surface properties. The approach is presented in a Microsoft Excel Visual Basic (VBA) tool. Finally, a case study is presented to illustrate the importance of user costs for normal operating conditions and their effect on LCCA. Analysis showed that for medium to low traffic roadways, the impact of normal operating costs is significant when compared to work zone costs. Furthermore, decreasing the number of treatment activities may increase the user costs because the pavement is less frequently improved. In addition, as would be expected, it was found that with increasing discount rates, the significance of normal operating costs further increase.","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Okte, Egemen"],"institution":"University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign","degree_name":"M.S.","degree_level":"Thesis","degree_discipline":"Civil Engineering","degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":["Al-Qadi, Imad L.","Ozer, Hasan"],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2019,"date_issued":"2019-02-07T20:36:03Z","date_published":"2019-02-07T20:36:03Z","updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:24:42Z","subjects":["Pavement LCA LCCA User Cost"],"languages":["en"],"rights":["Copyright 2018 Egemen Okte"],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2142/102814","outbound_label":"Handle","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor","label":"Contributor","values":["Al-Qadi, Imad L.","Ozer, Hasan"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Okte, Egemen"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date","label":"Dc Date","values":["2019-02-07T20:36:03Z","2021-02-08T10:15:25Z","2018-11-30","2018-12"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["text"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Civil Engineering"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["Thesis"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["M.S."]},{"key":"thesis:institution_name","label":"Thesis Institution Name","values":["University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["Pavement LCA LCCA User Cost"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:language","label":"Dc Language","values":["en"]},{"key":"dc:rights","label":"Dc Rights","values":["Copyright 2018 Egemen Okte"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["http://hdl.handle.net/2142/102814"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description","label":"Description","values":["Life Cycle Cost Analysis (LCCA) is one of the most well established methods used in determining the best alternative pavement project. The two main pillars of LCCA are user costs and agency costs. User costs are incurred during normal transportation operation and when there is a work zone present. Costs that occur during normal operating conditions are due to pavement surface profile, while costs that occur during work zone activities are due to agency decisions on work zone conditions. In traditional LCCA, it is assumed that work zones costs are the main part of user costs. The work zone costs include vehicle delay costs, vehicle operating costs, crash costs, and emission costs. On the other hand, costs associated with normal operating conditions, such as vehicle operating costs, are independent of project alternatives and thus they are negligible. However, recent studies have suggested that vehicle operating costs are more sensitive to roughness and texture profile than initially thought. Therefore, even slight changes in pavement surface profile may affect user costs. This study introduces a methodology that considers normal operating conditions in LCCA; including pavement surface properties. The approach is presented in a Microsoft Excel Visual Basic (VBA) tool. Finally, a case study is presented to illustrate the importance of user costs for normal operating conditions and their effect on LCCA. Analysis showed that for medium to low traffic roadways, the impact of normal operating costs is significant when compared to work zone costs. Furthermore, decreasing the number of treatment activities may increase the user costs because the pavement is less frequently improved. In addition, as would be expected, it was found that with increasing discount rates, the significance of normal operating costs further increase.","Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'U of I Access', the embargo will last until 2020-12-01","The student, Egemen Okte, accepted the attached license on 2018-11-28 at 13:24.","The student, Egemen Okte, submitted this Thesis for approval on 2018-11-28 at 13:59.","This Thesis was approved for publication on 2018-11-30 at 15:32.","DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #13134 on 2019-02-07 at 14:18:32","Made available in DSpace on 2019-02-07T20:36:03Z (GMT). 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The two main pillars of LCCA are user costs and agency costs. User costs are incurred during normal transportation operation and when there is a work zone present. Costs that occur during normal operating conditions are due to pavement surface profile, while costs that occur during work zone activities are due to agency decisions on work zone conditions. In traditional LCCA, it is assumed that work zones costs are the main part of user costs. The work zone costs include vehicle delay costs, vehicle operating costs, crash costs, and emission costs. On the other hand, costs associated with normal operating conditions, such as vehicle operating costs, are independent of project alternatives and thus they are negligible. However, recent studies have suggested that vehicle operating costs are more sensitive to roughness and texture profile than initially thought. Therefore, even slight changes in pavement surface profile may affect user costs. This study introduces a methodology that considers normal operating conditions in LCCA; including pavement surface properties. The approach is presented in a Microsoft Excel Visual Basic (VBA) tool. Finally, a case study is presented to illustrate the importance of user costs for normal operating conditions and their effect on LCCA. Analysis showed that for medium to low traffic roadways, the impact of normal operating costs is significant when compared to work zone costs. Furthermore, decreasing the number of treatment activities may increase the user costs because the pavement is less frequently improved. In addition, as would be expected, it was found that with increasing discount rates, the significance of normal operating costs further increase.","Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'U of I Access', the embargo will last until 2020-12-01","The student, Egemen Okte, accepted the attached license on 2018-11-28 at 13:24.","The student, Egemen Okte, submitted this Thesis for approval on 2018-11-28 at 13:59.","This Thesis was approved for publication on 2018-11-30 at 15:32.","DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #13134 on 2019-02-07 at 14:18:32","Made available in DSpace on 2019-02-07T20:36:03Z (GMT). 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