{"id":{"repo_id":"uiuc","oai_identifier":"oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/102807"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/uiuc/oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/102807","repository":{"repo_id":"uiuc","name":"University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign","base_url":"https://www.ideals.illinois.edu/oai-pmh"},"display":{"title":"The combinative effect of soluble suLeA glycan and specialized bovine semen extender, FSRD4+, on bull sperm quality","abstract":"Artificial insemination is an invaluable tool that has been adopted by the cattle industry, primarily dairy, and continues to be a crucial reproductive technique. Likewise, cryopreservation is ubiquitously used in the U.S. as the preferred method to store bovine sperm due to convenience despite damage to sperm during processing and thawing. For this reason, one of our objectives was to determine if a liquid extender, FSRD4+, could extend the lifespan of sperm by days. Since longevity with minimal sperm damage was an ultimate goal, we also tested the effect on longevity by adding oviduct glycans to medium and extender. Before fertilization and while bound to the oviduct, sperm become quiescent and have prolonged viability and maintained motility. Additionally, sperm undergo capacitation to reach final maturation. Capacitation will allow the sperm to hyperactivate and penetrate the cumulus cells and the zona pellucida, and fertilize the oocyte. The sperm-oviduct binding and subsequent sperm reservoir formation is facilitated by glycan-lectin binding. In cattle, the Lewis A trisaccharide (LeA) in the oviduct binds sperm. We tested sulfated LeA, because it binds sperm with higher affinity, for its effects on sperm viability and motility compared to controls. Four variables were applied: temperature (5°C, 15°C, 22°C, 37°C), glycans (suLeA, suLeX, no glycan), medium (FSRD4+ and dmTALPC), and time (1, 24, 48, 72, 96, and 120 hr). Semen was collected and shipped overnight for experiments. Sperm were washed, incubated in their respective temperature, glycan, and media treatments, and analyzed for viability and motility. Viability was determined using fluorescent probes SYBR14 and propidium iodide (PI). Motility was determined as total motility where progressive and non-progressive motility were summed. Significance was determined by a p-value of ≤ 0.05. The results indicated viability had improved significantly in FSRD4+ extender had significantly higher viability than dmTALPC, both suLeA and suLeX performed similarly but had significantly higher viability than no-glycan treatment, and 15˚C and 22˚C had significantly higher viability than 5˚C and 37˚C. Similarly, sperm motility was significantly higher in FSRD4+ extender compared to dmTALPC. Sperm motility was higher with suLeX compared to suLeA and no-glycan, and suLeA compared to no-glycan. Over the 120 hr, 15°C storage yielded significantly more viable, motile sperm than 5˚C, 22°C, and 37˚C, despite it having significantly lower motility than 22°C and 37˚C at the 1 hr time point. To summarize, sperm in FSRD4+ extender, with suLeA, and at 15°C or 22°C had significantly higher viability, and sperm in FSRD4+ extender, with suLeX or suLeA, and at 15˚C had significantly higher motility compared to other treatments. In conclusion, FSRD4+ and soluble glycans significantly improved sperm viability and motility during long-term liquid storage with the best combination of medium, glycan, and temperature as FSRD4+ extender, suLeA, and 15˚C.","abstract_html":"Artificial insemination is an invaluable tool that has been adopted by the cattle industry, primarily dairy, and continues to be a crucial reproductive technique. Likewise, cryopreservation is ubiquitously used in the U.S. as the preferred method to store bovine sperm due to convenience despite damage to sperm during processing and thawing. For this reason, one of our objectives was to determine if a liquid extender, FSRD4+, could extend the lifespan of sperm by days. Since longevity with minimal sperm damage was an ultimate goal, we also tested the effect on longevity by adding oviduct glycans to medium and extender. Before fertilization and while bound to the oviduct, sperm become quiescent and have prolonged viability and maintained motility. Additionally, sperm undergo capacitation to reach final maturation. Capacitation will allow the sperm to hyperactivate and penetrate the cumulus cells and the zona pellucida, and fertilize the oocyte. The sperm-oviduct binding and subsequent sperm reservoir formation is facilitated by glycan-lectin binding. In cattle, the Lewis A trisaccharide (LeA) in the oviduct binds sperm. We tested sulfated LeA, because it binds sperm with higher affinity, for its effects on sperm viability and motility compared to controls. Four variables were applied: temperature (5°C, 15°C, 22°C, 37°C), glycans (suLeA, suLeX, no glycan), medium (FSRD4+ and dmTALPC), and time (1, 24, 48, 72, 96, and 120 hr). Semen was collected and shipped overnight for experiments. Sperm were washed, incubated in their respective temperature, glycan, and media treatments, and analyzed for viability and motility. Viability was determined using fluorescent probes SYBR14 and propidium iodide (PI). Motility was determined as total motility where progressive and non-progressive motility were summed. Significance was determined by a p-value of ≤ 0.05. The results indicated viability had improved significantly in FSRD4+ extender had significantly higher viability than dmTALPC, both suLeA and suLeX performed similarly but had significantly higher viability than no-glycan treatment, and 15˚C and 22˚C had significantly higher viability than 5˚C and 37˚C. Similarly, sperm motility was significantly higher in FSRD4+ extender compared to dmTALPC. Sperm motility was higher with suLeX compared to suLeA and no-glycan, and suLeA compared to no-glycan. Over the 120 hr, 15°C storage yielded significantly more viable, motile sperm than 5˚C, 22°C, and 37˚C, despite it having significantly lower motility than 22°C and 37˚C at the 1 hr time point. To summarize, sperm in FSRD4+ extender, with suLeA, and at 15°C or 22°C had significantly higher viability, and sperm in FSRD4+ extender, with suLeX or suLeA, and at 15˚C had significantly higher motility compared to other treatments. In conclusion, FSRD4+ and soluble glycans significantly improved sperm viability and motility during long-term liquid storage with the best combination of medium, glycan, and temperature as FSRD4+ extender, suLeA, and 15˚C.","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Messer, Alex"],"institution":"University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign","degree_name":"M.S.","degree_level":"Thesis","degree_discipline":"Animal Sciences","degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":["Miller, David J.","Bahr, Janice","Knox, Robert"],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2019,"date_issued":"2019-02-07T20:36:01Z","date_published":"2019-02-07T20:36:01Z","updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:24:42Z","subjects":["Glycans","suLeA","suLeX","Bull Sperm","FSRD4+","Motility","Viability","Semen Extender"],"languages":["en"],"rights":["Copyright 2018 Alex Messer"],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2142/102807","outbound_label":"Handle","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor","label":"Contributor","values":["Miller, David J.","Bahr, Janice","Knox, Robert"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Messer, Alex"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date","label":"Dc Date","values":["2019-02-07T20:36:01Z","2021-02-08T10:15:11Z","2018-11-27","2018-12"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["text"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Animal Sciences"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["Thesis"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["M.S."]},{"key":"thesis:institution_name","label":"Thesis Institution Name","values":["University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["Glycans","suLeA","suLeX","Bull Sperm","FSRD4+","Motility","Viability","Semen Extender"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:language","label":"Dc Language","values":["en"]},{"key":"dc:rights","label":"Dc Rights","values":["Copyright 2018 Alex Messer"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["http://hdl.handle.net/2142/102807"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description","label":"Description","values":["Artificial insemination is an invaluable tool that has been adopted by the cattle industry, primarily dairy, and continues to be a crucial reproductive technique. Likewise, cryopreservation is ubiquitously used in the U.S. as the preferred method to store bovine sperm due to convenience despite damage to sperm during processing and thawing. For this reason, one of our objectives was to determine if a liquid extender, FSRD4+, could extend the lifespan of sperm by days. Since longevity with minimal sperm damage was an ultimate goal, we also tested the effect on longevity by adding oviduct glycans to medium and extender. Before fertilization and while bound to the oviduct, sperm become quiescent and have prolonged viability and maintained motility. Additionally, sperm undergo capacitation to reach final maturation. Capacitation will allow the sperm to hyperactivate and penetrate the cumulus cells and the zona pellucida, and fertilize the oocyte. The sperm-oviduct binding and subsequent sperm reservoir formation is facilitated by glycan-lectin binding. In cattle, the Lewis A trisaccharide (LeA) in the oviduct binds sperm. We tested sulfated LeA, because it binds sperm with higher affinity, for its effects on sperm viability and motility compared to controls. Four variables were applied: temperature (5°C, 15°C, 22°C, 37°C), glycans (suLeA, suLeX, no glycan), medium (FSRD4+ and dmTALPC), and time (1, 24, 48, 72, 96, and 120 hr). Semen was collected and shipped overnight for experiments. Sperm were washed, incubated in their respective temperature, glycan, and media treatments, and analyzed for viability and motility. Viability was determined using fluorescent probes SYBR14 and propidium iodide (PI). Motility was determined as total motility where progressive and non-progressive motility were summed. Significance was determined by a p-value of ≤ 0.05. The results indicated viability had improved significantly in FSRD4+ extender had significantly higher viability than dmTALPC, both suLeA and suLeX performed similarly but had significantly higher viability than no-glycan treatment, and 15˚C and 22˚C had significantly higher viability than 5˚C and 37˚C. Similarly, sperm motility was significantly higher in FSRD4+ extender compared to dmTALPC. Sperm motility was higher with suLeX compared to suLeA and no-glycan, and suLeA compared to no-glycan. Over the 120 hr, 15°C storage yielded significantly more viable, motile sperm than 5˚C, 22°C, and 37˚C, despite it having significantly lower motility than 22°C and 37˚C at the 1 hr time point. To summarize, sperm in FSRD4+ extender, with suLeA, and at 15°C or 22°C had significantly higher viability, and sperm in FSRD4+ extender, with suLeX or suLeA, and at 15˚C had significantly higher motility compared to other treatments. In conclusion, FSRD4+ and soluble glycans significantly improved sperm viability and motility during long-term liquid storage with the best combination of medium, glycan, and temperature as FSRD4+ extender, suLeA, and 15˚C.","Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'U of I Access', the embargo will last until 2020-12-01","The student, Alex Messer, accepted the attached license on 2018-11-26 at 16:04.","The student, Alex Messer, submitted this Thesis for approval on 2018-11-26 at 16:26.","This Thesis was approved for publication on 2018-11-27 at 14:49.","DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #13117 on 2019-02-07 at 14:18:03","Made available in DSpace on 2019-02-07T20:36:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 MESSER-THESIS-2018.pdf: 2056484 bytes, checksum: a451590e5316762702574916b197df2a (MD5) LICENSE.txt: 4208 bytes, checksum: b24b15a11dbcada9ff2643264ed4d592 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-11-27","Embargo set by: Seth Robbins for item 109831 Lift date: 2021-02-07T20:36:09Z Reason: Author requested U of Illinois access only (OA after 2yrs) in Vireo ETD system","Embargo set by: Seth Robbins for item 109831 Lift date: 2021-02-07T20:39:46Z Reason: Author requested U of Illinois access only (OA after 2yrs) in Vireo ETD system","Embargo set by: Seth Robbins for item 109831 Lift date: 2021-02-07T20:44:35Z Reason: Author requested U of Illinois access only (OA after 2yrs) in Vireo ETD system","U of I Only Restriction Lifted for Item 109831 on 2021-02-08T10:15:11Z."]},{"key":"dc:format","label":"Dc Format","values":["application/pdf"]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["The combinative effect of soluble suLeA glycan and specialized bovine semen extender, FSRD4+, on bull sperm quality"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor":["Miller, David J.","Bahr, Janice","Knox, Robert"],"dc:creator":["Messer, Alex"],"dc:date":["2019-02-07T20:36:01Z","2021-02-08T10:15:11Z","2018-11-27","2018-12"],"dc:description":["Artificial insemination is an invaluable tool that has been adopted by the cattle industry, primarily dairy, and continues to be a crucial reproductive technique. Likewise, cryopreservation is ubiquitously used in the U.S. as the preferred method to store bovine sperm due to convenience despite damage to sperm during processing and thawing. For this reason, one of our objectives was to determine if a liquid extender, FSRD4+, could extend the lifespan of sperm by days. Since longevity with minimal sperm damage was an ultimate goal, we also tested the effect on longevity by adding oviduct glycans to medium and extender. Before fertilization and while bound to the oviduct, sperm become quiescent and have prolonged viability and maintained motility. Additionally, sperm undergo capacitation to reach final maturation. Capacitation will allow the sperm to hyperactivate and penetrate the cumulus cells and the zona pellucida, and fertilize the oocyte. The sperm-oviduct binding and subsequent sperm reservoir formation is facilitated by glycan-lectin binding. In cattle, the Lewis A trisaccharide (LeA) in the oviduct binds sperm. We tested sulfated LeA, because it binds sperm with higher affinity, for its effects on sperm viability and motility compared to controls. Four variables were applied: temperature (5°C, 15°C, 22°C, 37°C), glycans (suLeA, suLeX, no glycan), medium (FSRD4+ and dmTALPC), and time (1, 24, 48, 72, 96, and 120 hr). Semen was collected and shipped overnight for experiments. Sperm were washed, incubated in their respective temperature, glycan, and media treatments, and analyzed for viability and motility. Viability was determined using fluorescent probes SYBR14 and propidium iodide (PI). Motility was determined as total motility where progressive and non-progressive motility were summed. Significance was determined by a p-value of ≤ 0.05. The results indicated viability had improved significantly in FSRD4+ extender had significantly higher viability than dmTALPC, both suLeA and suLeX performed similarly but had significantly higher viability than no-glycan treatment, and 15˚C and 22˚C had significantly higher viability than 5˚C and 37˚C. Similarly, sperm motility was significantly higher in FSRD4+ extender compared to dmTALPC. Sperm motility was higher with suLeX compared to suLeA and no-glycan, and suLeA compared to no-glycan. Over the 120 hr, 15°C storage yielded significantly more viable, motile sperm than 5˚C, 22°C, and 37˚C, despite it having significantly lower motility than 22°C and 37˚C at the 1 hr time point. To summarize, sperm in FSRD4+ extender, with suLeA, and at 15°C or 22°C had significantly higher viability, and sperm in FSRD4+ extender, with suLeX or suLeA, and at 15˚C had significantly higher motility compared to other treatments. In conclusion, FSRD4+ and soluble glycans significantly improved sperm viability and motility during long-term liquid storage with the best combination of medium, glycan, and temperature as FSRD4+ extender, suLeA, and 15˚C.","Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'U of I Access', the embargo will last until 2020-12-01","The student, Alex Messer, accepted the attached license on 2018-11-26 at 16:04.","The student, Alex Messer, submitted this Thesis for approval on 2018-11-26 at 16:26.","This Thesis was approved for publication on 2018-11-27 at 14:49.","DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #13117 on 2019-02-07 at 14:18:03","Made available in DSpace on 2019-02-07T20:36:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 MESSER-THESIS-2018.pdf: 2056484 bytes, checksum: a451590e5316762702574916b197df2a (MD5) LICENSE.txt: 4208 bytes, checksum: b24b15a11dbcada9ff2643264ed4d592 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-11-27","Embargo set by: Seth Robbins for item 109831 Lift date: 2021-02-07T20:36:09Z Reason: Author requested U of Illinois access only (OA after 2yrs) in Vireo ETD system","Embargo set by: Seth Robbins for item 109831 Lift date: 2021-02-07T20:39:46Z Reason: Author requested U of Illinois access only (OA after 2yrs) in Vireo ETD system","Embargo set by: Seth Robbins for item 109831 Lift date: 2021-02-07T20:44:35Z Reason: Author requested U of Illinois access only (OA after 2yrs) in Vireo ETD system","U of I Only Restriction Lifted for Item 109831 on 2021-02-08T10:15:11Z."],"dc:format":["application/pdf"],"dc:identifier":["http://hdl.handle.net/2142/102807"],"dc:language":["en"],"dc:rights":["Copyright 2018 Alex Messer"],"dc:subject":["Glycans","suLeA","suLeX","Bull Sperm","FSRD4+","Motility","Viability","Semen Extender"],"dc:title":["The combinative effect of soluble suLeA glycan and specialized bovine semen extender, FSRD4+, on bull sperm quality"],"dc:type":["text"],"thesis:degree_discipline":["Animal Sciences"],"thesis:degree_level":["Thesis"],"thesis:degree_name":["M.S."],"thesis:institution_name":["University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:24:42Z"}