{"id":{"repo_id":"uiuc","oai_identifier":"oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/102794"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/uiuc/oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/102794","repository":{"repo_id":"uiuc","name":"University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign","base_url":"https://www.ideals.illinois.edu/oai-pmh"},"display":{"title":"Micropollutants biotransformation by two nitrifying communities enriched from biofilm of a nitrification trickling tower","abstract":"Concerns about micropollutants in wastewater treatment effluent is increasing during the past decade due to their potential adverse environmental effects. It has been hypothesized that ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) were responsible for micropollutants biotransformation, which contributes to the removal of micropollutants. Both inhibition studies and pure culture studies have been performed to test this hypothesis. By inhibiting ammonia oxidation in nitrifying activated sludge (NAS) with inhibitors including allythiourea and octyne, the biotransformation of a number of micropollutants was inhibited to different extents, which was restored when the ammonia oxidation activity resumed. The inhibition of the biotransformation of the micropollutants by the inhibitors of ammonia oxidation suggested the affinity between AOB and the biotransformation of these micropollutants. However, when using pure AOB cultures, such as Nitrosomonas europaea, only few of these micropollutants could be biotransformed. Such discrepancy might due to the facts that the tested pure cultures were disparate with the AOB in NAS, and the microorganisms dependently growing with AOB, such as nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB) were not taken into consideration. Therefore, the objective of this study is to investigate the contribution of more environmental relevant nitrifiers to micropollutants biotransformation using a nitrifying community enriched from biofilm of a nitrification tower in a local wastewater treatment plant. We inoculated biofilm samples to two reactors using basal medium without adding organic carbon. Ammonium was supplied into one reactor upon depletion, and nitrite was supplied to the other reactor. In the first reactor, namely AOB/NOB enrichment reactor, both of AOB and NOB were expected to be dominant. Contrarily, NOB was expected to be exclusively enriched in the other reactor fed with nitrite, hence the reactor was named by NOB enrichment reactor. After about 8-months enrichment, we obtained a nitrifying enrichment culture with 75.9% AOB and 7.6% NOB in the community of AOB/NOB enrichment reactor, while the relative abundance of AOB and NOB in the NOB enrichment reactor were 0% and 25.6% based on quantitative PCR detection. We then investigated micropollutants biotransformation by this two nitrifying enrichment culture. We used fourteen micropollutants whose biotransformation were previously observed to be inhibited by inhibitor (i.e., allythiourea and octyne) treatment to NAS. Results showed that the AOB/NOB enriched cultures were able to significantly degrade five among fourteen micropollutants, including Fenhexamid (55%) and Rufinamide (30.14%), while all of the five compounds can also be similarly degraded by Nitrosomonas europaea pure culture. However, the biotransformation of Furosemide in NOB enriched cultures was significantly higher than Nitrobacter pure culture.","abstract_html":"Concerns about micropollutants in wastewater treatment effluent is increasing during the past decade due to their potential adverse environmental effects. It has been hypothesized that ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) were responsible for micropollutants biotransformation, which contributes to the removal of micropollutants. Both inhibition studies and pure culture studies have been performed to test this hypothesis. By inhibiting ammonia oxidation in nitrifying activated sludge (NAS) with inhibitors including allythiourea and octyne, the biotransformation of a number of micropollutants was inhibited to different extents, which was restored when the ammonia oxidation activity resumed. The inhibition of the biotransformation of the micropollutants by the inhibitors of ammonia oxidation suggested the affinity between AOB and the biotransformation of these micropollutants. However, when using pure AOB cultures, such as Nitrosomonas europaea, only few of these micropollutants could be biotransformed. Such discrepancy might due to the facts that the tested pure cultures were disparate with the AOB in NAS, and the microorganisms dependently growing with AOB, such as nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB) were not taken into consideration. Therefore, the objective of this study is to investigate the contribution of more environmental relevant nitrifiers to micropollutants biotransformation using a nitrifying community enriched from biofilm of a nitrification tower in a local wastewater treatment plant. We inoculated biofilm samples to two reactors using basal medium without adding organic carbon. Ammonium was supplied into one reactor upon depletion, and nitrite was supplied to the other reactor. In the first reactor, namely AOB/NOB enrichment reactor, both of AOB and NOB were expected to be dominant. Contrarily, NOB was expected to be exclusively enriched in the other reactor fed with nitrite, hence the reactor was named by NOB enrichment reactor. After about 8-months enrichment, we obtained a nitrifying enrichment culture with 75.9% AOB and 7.6% NOB in the community of AOB/NOB enrichment reactor, while the relative abundance of AOB and NOB in the NOB enrichment reactor were 0% and 25.6% based on quantitative PCR detection. We then investigated micropollutants biotransformation by this two nitrifying enrichment culture. We used fourteen micropollutants whose biotransformation were previously observed to be inhibited by inhibitor (i.e., allythiourea and octyne) treatment to NAS. Results showed that the AOB/NOB enriched cultures were able to significantly degrade five among fourteen micropollutants, including Fenhexamid (55%) and Rufinamide (30.14%), while all of the five compounds can also be similarly degraded by Nitrosomonas europaea pure culture. However, the biotransformation of Furosemide in NOB enriched cultures was significantly higher than Nitrobacter pure culture.","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Zhang, Kunyang"],"institution":"University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign","degree_name":"M.S.","degree_level":"Thesis","degree_discipline":"Environ Engr in Civil Engr","degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":["Men, Yujie"],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2019,"date_issued":"2019-02-07T20:35:57Z","date_published":"2019-02-07T20:35:57Z","updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:24:42Z","subjects":["Micropollutants, Ammonia oxidizing bacteria, Nitrite oxidizing bacteria, Illumina sequencing"],"languages":["en"],"rights":["Copyright 2018 Kunyang Zhang"],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2142/102794","outbound_label":"Handle","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor","label":"Contributor","values":["Men, Yujie"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Zhang, Kunyang"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date","label":"Dc Date","values":["2019-02-07T20:35:57Z","2021-02-08T10:15:11Z","2018-11-13","2018-12"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["text"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Environ Engr in Civil Engr"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["Thesis"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["M.S."]},{"key":"thesis:institution_name","label":"Thesis Institution Name","values":["University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["Micropollutants, Ammonia oxidizing bacteria, Nitrite oxidizing bacteria, Illumina sequencing"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:language","label":"Dc Language","values":["en"]},{"key":"dc:rights","label":"Dc Rights","values":["Copyright 2018 Kunyang Zhang"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["http://hdl.handle.net/2142/102794"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description","label":"Description","values":["Concerns about micropollutants in wastewater treatment effluent is increasing during the past decade due to their potential adverse environmental effects. It has been hypothesized that ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) were responsible for micropollutants biotransformation, which contributes to the removal of micropollutants. Both inhibition studies and pure culture studies have been performed to test this hypothesis. By inhibiting ammonia oxidation in nitrifying activated sludge (NAS) with inhibitors including allythiourea and octyne, the biotransformation of a number of micropollutants was inhibited to different extents, which was restored when the ammonia oxidation activity resumed. The inhibition of the biotransformation of the micropollutants by the inhibitors of ammonia oxidation suggested the affinity between AOB and the biotransformation of these micropollutants. However, when using pure AOB cultures, such as Nitrosomonas europaea, only few of these micropollutants could be biotransformed. Such discrepancy might due to the facts that the tested pure cultures were disparate with the AOB in NAS, and the microorganisms dependently growing with AOB, such as nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB) were not taken into consideration. Therefore, the objective of this study is to investigate the contribution of more environmental relevant nitrifiers to micropollutants biotransformation using a nitrifying community enriched from biofilm of a nitrification tower in a local wastewater treatment plant. We inoculated biofilm samples to two reactors using basal medium without adding organic carbon. Ammonium was supplied into one reactor upon depletion, and nitrite was supplied to the other reactor. In the first reactor, namely AOB/NOB enrichment reactor, both of AOB and NOB were expected to be dominant. Contrarily, NOB was expected to be exclusively enriched in the other reactor fed with nitrite, hence the reactor was named by NOB enrichment reactor. After about 8-months enrichment, we obtained a nitrifying enrichment culture with 75.9% AOB and 7.6% NOB in the community of AOB/NOB enrichment reactor, while the relative abundance of AOB and NOB in the NOB enrichment reactor were 0% and 25.6% based on quantitative PCR detection. We then investigated micropollutants biotransformation by this two nitrifying enrichment culture. We used fourteen micropollutants whose biotransformation were previously observed to be inhibited by inhibitor (i.e., allythiourea and octyne) treatment to NAS. Results showed that the AOB/NOB enriched cultures were able to significantly degrade five among fourteen micropollutants, including Fenhexamid (55%) and Rufinamide (30.14%), while all of the five compounds can also be similarly degraded by Nitrosomonas europaea pure culture. However, the biotransformation of Furosemide in NOB enriched cultures was significantly higher than Nitrobacter pure culture.","Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'U of I Access', the embargo will last until 2020-12-01","The student, Kunyang Zhang, accepted the attached license on 2018-11-09 at 15:41.","The student, Kunyang Zhang, submitted this Thesis for approval on 2018-11-09 at 15:58.","This Thesis was approved for publication on 2018-11-13 at 10:20.","DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #13077 on 2019-02-07 at 14:17:24","Made available in DSpace on 2019-02-07T20:35:57Z (GMT). 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It has been hypothesized that ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) were responsible for micropollutants biotransformation, which contributes to the removal of micropollutants. Both inhibition studies and pure culture studies have been performed to test this hypothesis. By inhibiting ammonia oxidation in nitrifying activated sludge (NAS) with inhibitors including allythiourea and octyne, the biotransformation of a number of micropollutants was inhibited to different extents, which was restored when the ammonia oxidation activity resumed. The inhibition of the biotransformation of the micropollutants by the inhibitors of ammonia oxidation suggested the affinity between AOB and the biotransformation of these micropollutants. However, when using pure AOB cultures, such as Nitrosomonas europaea, only few of these micropollutants could be biotransformed. Such discrepancy might due to the facts that the tested pure cultures were disparate with the AOB in NAS, and the microorganisms dependently growing with AOB, such as nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB) were not taken into consideration. Therefore, the objective of this study is to investigate the contribution of more environmental relevant nitrifiers to micropollutants biotransformation using a nitrifying community enriched from biofilm of a nitrification tower in a local wastewater treatment plant. We inoculated biofilm samples to two reactors using basal medium without adding organic carbon. Ammonium was supplied into one reactor upon depletion, and nitrite was supplied to the other reactor. In the first reactor, namely AOB/NOB enrichment reactor, both of AOB and NOB were expected to be dominant. Contrarily, NOB was expected to be exclusively enriched in the other reactor fed with nitrite, hence the reactor was named by NOB enrichment reactor. After about 8-months enrichment, we obtained a nitrifying enrichment culture with 75.9% AOB and 7.6% NOB in the community of AOB/NOB enrichment reactor, while the relative abundance of AOB and NOB in the NOB enrichment reactor were 0% and 25.6% based on quantitative PCR detection. We then investigated micropollutants biotransformation by this two nitrifying enrichment culture. We used fourteen micropollutants whose biotransformation were previously observed to be inhibited by inhibitor (i.e., allythiourea and octyne) treatment to NAS. Results showed that the AOB/NOB enriched cultures were able to significantly degrade five among fourteen micropollutants, including Fenhexamid (55%) and Rufinamide (30.14%), while all of the five compounds can also be similarly degraded by Nitrosomonas europaea pure culture. However, the biotransformation of Furosemide in NOB enriched cultures was significantly higher than Nitrobacter pure culture.","Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'U of I Access', the embargo will last until 2020-12-01","The student, Kunyang Zhang, accepted the attached license on 2018-11-09 at 15:41.","The student, Kunyang Zhang, submitted this Thesis for approval on 2018-11-09 at 15:58.","This Thesis was approved for publication on 2018-11-13 at 10:20.","DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #13077 on 2019-02-07 at 14:17:24","Made available in DSpace on 2019-02-07T20:35:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 ZHANG-THESIS-2018.pdf: 5702472 bytes, checksum: c1e3f4e18fc7378793981805354e00fb (MD5) LICENSE.txt: 4210 bytes, checksum: 682a184235238d3007f01dc7c3171dee (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-11-13","Embargo set by: Seth Robbins for item 109818 Lift date: 2021-02-07T20:36:09Z Reason: Author requested U of Illinois access only (OA after 2yrs) in Vireo ETD system","Embargo set by: Seth Robbins for item 109818 Lift date: 2021-02-07T20:39:46Z Reason: Author requested U of Illinois access only (OA after 2yrs) in Vireo ETD system","Embargo set by: Seth Robbins for item 109818 Lift date: 2021-02-07T20:44:35Z Reason: Author requested U of Illinois access only (OA after 2yrs) in Vireo ETD system","U of I Only Restriction Lifted for Item 109818 on 2021-02-08T10:15:11Z."],"dc:format":["application/pdf"],"dc:identifier":["http://hdl.handle.net/2142/102794"],"dc:language":["en"],"dc:rights":["Copyright 2018 Kunyang Zhang"],"dc:subject":["Micropollutants, Ammonia oxidizing bacteria, Nitrite oxidizing bacteria, Illumina sequencing"],"dc:title":["Micropollutants biotransformation by two nitrifying communities enriched from biofilm of a nitrification trickling tower"],"dc:type":["text"],"thesis:degree_discipline":["Environ Engr in Civil Engr"],"thesis:degree_level":["Thesis"],"thesis:degree_name":["M.S."],"thesis:institution_name":["University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:24:42Z"}