{"id":{"repo_id":"uiuc","oai_identifier":"oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/102455"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/uiuc/oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/102455","repository":{"repo_id":"uiuc","name":"University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign","base_url":"https://www.ideals.illinois.edu/oai-pmh"},"display":{"title":"Impacts of vehicle automation on traffic flow stability","abstract":"This dissertation is motivated by the possibility of a small number of autonomous vehicles (AVs) or partially autonomous vehicles that may soon be present on our roadways. This automation may take the form of fully autonomous vehicles without human intervention (Society of Automotive Engineers, SAE Level 5) or, as is already the case in many modern vehicles, may take the form of driver assist features such as adaptive cruise control (ACC), or other SAE Level 1 features. Regardless of the extent of automation, changing the vehicle dynamics of a small number of vehicles in the bulk traffic flow may have substantial implications on the underlying traffic flow and may influence the development of emergent phenomena such as phantom traffic jams, or traffic stability. This dissertation has four main contributions: (i) experimental evidence to validate that human driving behavior alone is sufficient for the development of phantom jams, (ii) theoretical work as well as experimental work to demonstrate that current commercially-available ACC systems may be string unstable under certain circumstances, (iii) theoretical and experimental results that demonstrate the ability of autonomous vehicles to stabilize traffic flow and prevent phantom jams from arising even at low autonomous vehicle penetration rates (∼5%), and (iv) experimental evidence for the emissions impacts of phantom traffic jams, and the potential for AVs to substantially reduce these emissions.","abstract_html":"This dissertation is motivated by the possibility of a small number of autonomous vehicles (AVs) or partially autonomous vehicles that may soon be present on our roadways. This automation may take the form of fully autonomous vehicles without human intervention (Society of Automotive Engineers, SAE Level 5) or, as is already the case in many modern vehicles, may take the form of driver assist features such as adaptive cruise control (ACC), or other SAE Level 1 features. Regardless of the extent of automation, changing the vehicle dynamics of a small number of vehicles in the bulk traffic flow may have substantial implications on the underlying traffic flow and may influence the development of emergent phenomena such as phantom traffic jams, or traffic stability. This dissertation has four main contributions: (i) experimental evidence to validate that human driving behavior alone is sufficient for the development of phantom jams, (ii) theoretical work as well as experimental work to demonstrate that current commercially-available ACC systems may be string unstable under certain circumstances, (iii) theoretical and experimental results that demonstrate the ability of autonomous vehicles to stabilize traffic flow and prevent phantom jams from arising even at low autonomous vehicle penetration rates (∼5%), and (iv) experimental evidence for the emissions impacts of phantom traffic jams, and the potential for AVs to substantially reduce these emissions.","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Stern, Raphael Ephraim"],"institution":"University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign","degree_name":"Ph.D.","degree_level":"Dissertation","degree_discipline":"Civil Engineering","degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":["Work, Daniel","Benekohal, Rahim","Piccoli, Benedetto","Sowers, Richard"],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2019,"date_issued":"2019-02-06T19:36:22Z","date_published":"2019-02-06T19:36:22Z","updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:24:40Z","subjects":["Autonomous vehicles, traffic stability, string stability, traffic control"],"languages":["en"],"rights":["Copyright 2018 Raphael Stern"],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2142/102455","outbound_label":"Handle","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor","label":"Contributor","values":["Work, Daniel","Benekohal, Rahim","Piccoli, Benedetto","Sowers, Richard"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Stern, Raphael Ephraim"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date","label":"Dc Date","values":["2019-02-06T19:36:22Z","2018-12-02","2018-12"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["text"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Civil Engineering"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["Dissertation"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["Ph.D."]},{"key":"thesis:institution_name","label":"Thesis Institution Name","values":["University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["Autonomous vehicles, traffic stability, string stability, traffic control"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:language","label":"Dc Language","values":["en"]},{"key":"dc:rights","label":"Dc Rights","values":["Copyright 2018 Raphael Stern"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["http://hdl.handle.net/2142/102455"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description","label":"Description","values":["This dissertation is motivated by the possibility of a small number of autonomous vehicles (AVs) or partially autonomous vehicles that may soon be present on our roadways. This automation may take the form of fully autonomous vehicles without human intervention (Society of Automotive Engineers, SAE Level 5) or, as is already the case in many modern vehicles, may take the form of driver assist features such as adaptive cruise control (ACC), or other SAE Level 1 features. Regardless of the extent of automation, changing the vehicle dynamics of a small number of vehicles in the bulk traffic flow may have substantial implications on the underlying traffic flow and may influence the development of emergent phenomena such as phantom traffic jams, or traffic stability. This dissertation has four main contributions: (i) experimental evidence to validate that human driving behavior alone is sufficient for the development of phantom jams, (ii) theoretical work as well as experimental work to demonstrate that current commercially-available ACC systems may be string unstable under certain circumstances, (iii) theoretical and experimental results that demonstrate the ability of autonomous vehicles to stabilize traffic flow and prevent phantom jams from arising even at low autonomous vehicle penetration rates (∼5%), and (iv) experimental evidence for the emissions impacts of phantom traffic jams, and the potential for AVs to substantially reduce these emissions.","Submission original under an indefinite embargo labeled 'Open Access'. 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This automation may take the form of fully autonomous vehicles without human intervention (Society of Automotive Engineers, SAE Level 5) or, as is already the case in many modern vehicles, may take the form of driver assist features such as adaptive cruise control (ACC), or other SAE Level 1 features. Regardless of the extent of automation, changing the vehicle dynamics of a small number of vehicles in the bulk traffic flow may have substantial implications on the underlying traffic flow and may influence the development of emergent phenomena such as phantom traffic jams, or traffic stability. This dissertation has four main contributions: (i) experimental evidence to validate that human driving behavior alone is sufficient for the development of phantom jams, (ii) theoretical work as well as experimental work to demonstrate that current commercially-available ACC systems may be string unstable under certain circumstances, (iii) theoretical and experimental results that demonstrate the ability of autonomous vehicles to stabilize traffic flow and prevent phantom jams from arising even at low autonomous vehicle penetration rates (∼5%), and (iv) experimental evidence for the emissions impacts of phantom traffic jams, and the potential for AVs to substantially reduce these emissions.","Submission original under an indefinite embargo labeled 'Open Access'. The submission was exported from vireo on 2019-02-05 without embargo terms","The student, Raphael Stern, accepted the attached license on 2018-11-29 at 16:24.","The student, Raphael Stern, submitted this Dissertation for approval on 2018-11-29 at 17:27.","This Dissertation was approved for publication on 2018-12-02 at 10:51.","DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #13149 on 2019-02-05 at 11:13:08","Made available in DSpace on 2019-02-06T19:36:22Z (GMT). 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