Potential metabolic effect of sucralose following an oral glucose load in subjects with obesity and normal-weight subjects
type: CreativeWork
description: Objective: Whether sucralose, the most commonly used non-nutritive sweetener (NNS), affects glucose metabolism in people is unclear. It has been reported that, when consumed acutely before an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), sucralose enhances insulinemic responses and decreases insulin sensitivity in subjects with obesity who are not regular consumers of NNS. However, studies in normal-weight adults, none of which control for use of NNS, found sucralose does not affect insulin responses to the ingestion of glucose or other carbohydrates. The objectives of the current study are to determine if those effects of sucralose can be replicated in subjects with obesity, are generalizable to normal-weight subjects when controlling for history of NNS use, and are caused merely by the sweet taste of sucralose (i.e., sham-feeding). In addition, with the aim of identifying potential mechanisms by which sucralose may decrease postprandial insulin sensitivity, we here investigated whole-body glucose kinetics by using a dual-tracer approach. Finally, we tested the hypothesis that, due to the compromised intestinal permeability associated with obesity, sucralose consumption is associated with higher plasma sucralose concentrations in people with obesity. Research Design and Methods: Ten normal-weight subjects (BMI: 22.8 ± 0.9 kg/m2) and nine subjects with obesity (BMI: 37.7 ± 6.1 kg/m2), all non-regular users of NNS, non-diabetic, and without significant insulin resistance (based on a homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance score < 3), underwent a 5-hour modified OGTT in which ingested glucose was labeled with one tracer while a second glucose tracer was infused intravenously at a constant rate on three separate testing days. Each testing day differed only by which pre-load solution (water ingestion (control condition), sucralose ingestion (experimental condition), or sucralose sham-fed (taste condition)) was administered 10 minutes prior to the OGTT in a randomized c…
abstract: Objective: Whether sucralose, the most commonly used non-nutritive sweetener (NNS), affects glucose metabolism in people is unclear. It has been reported that, when consumed acutely before an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), sucralose enhances insulinemic responses and decreases insulin sensitivity in subjects with obesity who are not regular consumers of NNS. However, studies in normal-weight adults, none of which control for use of NNS, found sucralose does not affect insulin responses to the ingestion of glucose or other carbohydrates. The objectives of the current study are to determine if those effects of sucralose can be replicated in subjects with obesity, are generalizable to normal-weight subjects when controlling for history of NNS use, and are caused merely by the sweet taste of sucralose (i.e., sham-feeding). In addition, with the aim of identifying potential mechanisms by which sucralose may decrease postprandial insulin sensitivity, we here investigated whole-body glucose kinetics by using a dual-tracer approach. Finally, we tested the hypothesis that, due to the compromised intestinal permeability associated with obesity, sucralose consumption is associated with higher plasma sucralose concentrations in people with obesity. Research Design and Methods: Ten normal-weight subjects (BMI: 22.8 ± 0.9 kg/m2) and nine subjects with obesity (BMI: 37.7 ± 6.1 kg/m2), all non-regular users of NNS, non-diabetic, and without significant insulin resistance (based on a homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance score < 3), underwent a 5-hour modified OGTT in which ingested glucose was labeled with one tracer while a second glucose tracer was infused intravenously at a constant rate on three separate testing days. Each testing day differed only by which pre-load solution (water ingestion (control condition), sucralose ingestion (experimental condition), or sucralose sham-fed (taste condition)) was administered 10 minutes prior to the OGTT in a randomized c…
author: Nichol, Alexander Daniel
language: en
keywords: sucralose, glucose, insulin, C-peptide, GIP, glucose kinetics, glucose tracer, obesity
date published: 2018-09-27T16:47:35Z
date modified: 2026-07-22T22:24:40Z
provider: University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign
publisher: Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations
type: WebPage
source organization: University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign

PropertyValue
property ID: Handle
value: http://hdl.handle.net/2142/101824