{"id":{"repo_id":"uiuc","oai_identifier":"oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/101236"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/uiuc/oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/101236","repository":{"repo_id":"uiuc","name":"University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign","base_url":"https://www.ideals.illinois.edu/oai-pmh"},"display":{"title":"Complexation state of iron and copper in ambient particulate matter and its effect on the oxidative potential","abstract":"Transition metals have long been recognized as an important component contributing to the toxicological property of ambient particulate matter (PM). Various methods of assessing this toxicity have been applied, including measuring the capability of PM components to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS), and the capability of consuming antioxidants. However, whether transition metals are complexed with organic compounds or free in ambient PM, which could be an important factor determining their ability to generate ROS, is not well understood. We target to investigate the complexation states of important atmospheric metals in this study. A novel fractionation scheme is developed to separate Fe and Cu from ambient PM into hydrophilic, hydrophobic and inorganic fractions. The scheme has been validated by applying it on a mixture of Suwannee River fulvic acid (SRFA) and Fe or Cu. SRFA is selected as a model compound as it represents the humic-like substances present in ambient PM, which are believed to be complexed with Fe and Cu. The results show that a significant amount of iron pre-mixed with SRFA is detected in both hydrophobic and hydrophilic fractions, indicating potential complexation with both types of organic substances. Similar tests conducted with the ambient PM show up to 70-80% of iron complexed with organic compounds. Fe and SRFA show strong synergistic effect in the generation of hydroxyl radical in different antioxidants systems (surrogate lung fluid, ascorbic acid and dithiolthreitol), which is attributed to the higher efficiency of Fe-SRFA complexes to convert H2O2 to ∙OH (Fenton reaction) than Fe alone. Although, Cu and SRFA show additive effect in ∙OH production, while they are antagonistic in the consumption of antioxidants (ascorbic acid and glutathione). Overall, the organic complexation of metals in ambient PM could significantly alter the oxidative potential of ambient PM and needs to be accounted for apportioning the contribution of metals in aerosol toxicity.","abstract_html":"Transition metals have long been recognized as an important component contributing to the toxicological property of ambient particulate matter (PM). Various methods of assessing this toxicity have been applied, including measuring the capability of PM components to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS), and the capability of consuming antioxidants. However, whether transition metals are complexed with organic compounds or free in ambient PM, which could be an important factor determining their ability to generate ROS, is not well understood. We target to investigate the complexation states of important atmospheric metals in this study. A novel fractionation scheme is developed to separate Fe and Cu from ambient PM into hydrophilic, hydrophobic and inorganic fractions. The scheme has been validated by applying it on a mixture of Suwannee River fulvic acid (SRFA) and Fe or Cu. SRFA is selected as a model compound as it represents the humic-like substances present in ambient PM, which are believed to be complexed with Fe and Cu. The results show that a significant amount of iron pre-mixed with SRFA is detected in both hydrophobic and hydrophilic fractions, indicating potential complexation with both types of organic substances. Similar tests conducted with the ambient PM show up to 70-80% of iron complexed with organic compounds. Fe and SRFA show strong synergistic effect in the generation of hydroxyl radical in different antioxidants systems (surrogate lung fluid, ascorbic acid and dithiolthreitol), which is attributed to the higher efficiency of Fe-SRFA complexes to convert H2O2 to ∙OH (Fenton reaction) than Fe alone. Although, Cu and SRFA show additive effect in ∙OH production, while they are antagonistic in the consumption of antioxidants (ascorbic acid and glutathione). Overall, the organic complexation of metals in ambient PM could significantly alter the oxidative potential of ambient PM and needs to be accounted for apportioning the contribution of metals in aerosol toxicity.","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Wei, Jinlai"],"institution":"University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign","degree_name":"M.S.","degree_level":"Thesis","degree_discipline":"Environ Engr in Civil Engr","degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":["Verma, Vishal"],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2018,"date_issued":"2018-09-04T20:41:59Z","date_published":"2018-09-04T20:41:59Z","updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:24:38Z","subjects":["Ambient PM","transition metals","complexation state","oxidative potential"],"languages":["en"],"rights":["Copyright 2018 Jinlai Wei"],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2142/101236","outbound_label":"Handle","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor","label":"Contributor","values":["Verma, Vishal"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Wei, Jinlai"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date","label":"Dc Date","values":["2018-09-04T20:41:59Z","2020-09-05T09:15:29Z","2018-04-26","2018-05"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["text"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Environ Engr in Civil Engr"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["Thesis"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["M.S."]},{"key":"thesis:institution_name","label":"Thesis Institution Name","values":["University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["Ambient PM","transition metals","complexation state","oxidative potential"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:language","label":"Dc Language","values":["en"]},{"key":"dc:rights","label":"Dc Rights","values":["Copyright 2018 Jinlai Wei"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["http://hdl.handle.net/2142/101236"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description","label":"Description","values":["Transition metals have long been recognized as an important component contributing to the toxicological property of ambient particulate matter (PM). Various methods of assessing this toxicity have been applied, including measuring the capability of PM components to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS), and the capability of consuming antioxidants. However, whether transition metals are complexed with organic compounds or free in ambient PM, which could be an important factor determining their ability to generate ROS, is not well understood. We target to investigate the complexation states of important atmospheric metals in this study. A novel fractionation scheme is developed to separate Fe and Cu from ambient PM into hydrophilic, hydrophobic and inorganic fractions. The scheme has been validated by applying it on a mixture of Suwannee River fulvic acid (SRFA) and Fe or Cu. SRFA is selected as a model compound as it represents the humic-like substances present in ambient PM, which are believed to be complexed with Fe and Cu. The results show that a significant amount of iron pre-mixed with SRFA is detected in both hydrophobic and hydrophilic fractions, indicating potential complexation with both types of organic substances. Similar tests conducted with the ambient PM show up to 70-80% of iron complexed with organic compounds. Fe and SRFA show strong synergistic effect in the generation of hydroxyl radical in different antioxidants systems (surrogate lung fluid, ascorbic acid and dithiolthreitol), which is attributed to the higher efficiency of Fe-SRFA complexes to convert H2O2 to ∙OH (Fenton reaction) than Fe alone. Although, Cu and SRFA show additive effect in ∙OH production, while they are antagonistic in the consumption of antioxidants (ascorbic acid and glutathione). Overall, the organic complexation of metals in ambient PM could significantly alter the oxidative potential of ambient PM and needs to be accounted for apportioning the contribution of metals in aerosol toxicity.","Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'U of I Access', the embargo will last until 2020-05-01","The student, Jinlai Wei, accepted the attached license on 2018-04-26 at 10:40.","The student, Jinlai Wei, submitted this Thesis for approval on 2018-04-26 at 10:45.","This Thesis was approved for publication on 2018-04-26 at 16:08.","DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #12518 on 2018-08-31 at 17:21:40","Made available in DSpace on 2018-09-04T20:41:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 WEI-THESIS-2018.pdf: 3851804 bytes, checksum: 2040aa603d7554d21fac1b69bd29474c (MD5) LICENSE.txt: 4208 bytes, checksum: 33db82de087f0d59e597e781194908d4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-04-26","Embargo set by: Seth Robbins for item 107321 Lift date: 2020-09-04T20:42:08Z Reason: Author requested U of Illinois access only (OA after 2yrs) in Vireo ETD system","U of I Only Restriction Lifted for Item 107321 on 2020-09-05T09:15:29Z."]},{"key":"dc:format","label":"Dc Format","values":["application/pdf"]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["Complexation state of iron and copper in ambient particulate matter and its effect on the oxidative potential"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor":["Verma, Vishal"],"dc:creator":["Wei, Jinlai"],"dc:date":["2018-09-04T20:41:59Z","2020-09-05T09:15:29Z","2018-04-26","2018-05"],"dc:description":["Transition metals have long been recognized as an important component contributing to the toxicological property of ambient particulate matter (PM). Various methods of assessing this toxicity have been applied, including measuring the capability of PM components to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS), and the capability of consuming antioxidants. However, whether transition metals are complexed with organic compounds or free in ambient PM, which could be an important factor determining their ability to generate ROS, is not well understood. We target to investigate the complexation states of important atmospheric metals in this study. A novel fractionation scheme is developed to separate Fe and Cu from ambient PM into hydrophilic, hydrophobic and inorganic fractions. The scheme has been validated by applying it on a mixture of Suwannee River fulvic acid (SRFA) and Fe or Cu. SRFA is selected as a model compound as it represents the humic-like substances present in ambient PM, which are believed to be complexed with Fe and Cu. The results show that a significant amount of iron pre-mixed with SRFA is detected in both hydrophobic and hydrophilic fractions, indicating potential complexation with both types of organic substances. Similar tests conducted with the ambient PM show up to 70-80% of iron complexed with organic compounds. Fe and SRFA show strong synergistic effect in the generation of hydroxyl radical in different antioxidants systems (surrogate lung fluid, ascorbic acid and dithiolthreitol), which is attributed to the higher efficiency of Fe-SRFA complexes to convert H2O2 to ∙OH (Fenton reaction) than Fe alone. Although, Cu and SRFA show additive effect in ∙OH production, while they are antagonistic in the consumption of antioxidants (ascorbic acid and glutathione). Overall, the organic complexation of metals in ambient PM could significantly alter the oxidative potential of ambient PM and needs to be accounted for apportioning the contribution of metals in aerosol toxicity.","Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'U of I Access', the embargo will last until 2020-05-01","The student, Jinlai Wei, accepted the attached license on 2018-04-26 at 10:40.","The student, Jinlai Wei, submitted this Thesis for approval on 2018-04-26 at 10:45.","This Thesis was approved for publication on 2018-04-26 at 16:08.","DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #12518 on 2018-08-31 at 17:21:40","Made available in DSpace on 2018-09-04T20:41:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 WEI-THESIS-2018.pdf: 3851804 bytes, checksum: 2040aa603d7554d21fac1b69bd29474c (MD5) LICENSE.txt: 4208 bytes, checksum: 33db82de087f0d59e597e781194908d4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-04-26","Embargo set by: Seth Robbins for item 107321 Lift date: 2020-09-04T20:42:08Z Reason: Author requested U of Illinois access only (OA after 2yrs) in Vireo ETD system","U of I Only Restriction Lifted for Item 107321 on 2020-09-05T09:15:29Z."],"dc:format":["application/pdf"],"dc:identifier":["http://hdl.handle.net/2142/101236"],"dc:language":["en"],"dc:rights":["Copyright 2018 Jinlai Wei"],"dc:subject":["Ambient PM","transition metals","complexation state","oxidative potential"],"dc:title":["Complexation state of iron and copper in ambient particulate matter and its effect on the oxidative potential"],"dc:type":["text"],"thesis:degree_discipline":["Environ Engr in Civil Engr"],"thesis:degree_level":["Thesis"],"thesis:degree_name":["M.S."],"thesis:institution_name":["University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:24:38Z"}