{"id":{"repo_id":"uiuc","oai_identifier":"oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/101221"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/uiuc/oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/101221","repository":{"repo_id":"uiuc","name":"University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign","base_url":"https://www.ideals.illinois.edu/oai-pmh"},"display":{"title":"Optimal satellite constellation spare strategy using multi-echelon inventory control with stochastic demand and lead times","abstract":"The recent growing trend to develop large-scale satellite constellations (i.e., megaconstellation) with low-cost small satellites has brought the need for an efficient and scalable maintenance strategy decision plan. Traditional spare strategies for satellite constellations cannot handle these mega-constellations due to their limited scalability in number of satellites and/or their lack of consideration of the relatively low reliability of small satellites. This research proposes a novel spare strategy using an inventory management approach. The model considers a set of parking orbits at a lower altitude than the constellation for spare storage, and model satellite constellation spare strategy problem using a multi-echelon (s,Q)-type spare inventory problem, viewing Earth's ground as a supplier, parking orbits as warehouses, and in-plane spare stocks as retailers. This approach is unique in that the parking orbits (warehouses) drift away from the orbital planes over time due to orbital mechanics effects, and the in-plane spare stocks (retailers) would receive the resupply from the closest (i.e., minimum waiting time) available warehouse at the time of delivery. The parking orbits (warehouse) are also resupplied from the ground (supplier) with stochastic lead time caused by the order processing and launch opportunities, leveraging the cost saving effects by launching many satellites in one rocket (i.e., batch launch discount). The proposed model is validated against simulations using Latin Hypercube Sampling, and an optimization formulation based on the proposed model is introduced to identify spare strategy, comprising the parking orbits characteristics and all locations policies, to minimize the maintenance cost of the system given performance requirements. The proposed model and optimization method are applied to a real-world case study of satellite mega-constellation to demonstrate their value.","abstract_html":"The recent growing trend to develop large-scale satellite constellations (i.e., megaconstellation) with low-cost small satellites has brought the need for an efficient and scalable maintenance strategy decision plan. Traditional spare strategies for satellite constellations cannot handle these mega-constellations due to their limited scalability in number of satellites and/or their lack of consideration of the relatively low reliability of small satellites. This research proposes a novel spare strategy using an inventory management approach. The model considers a set of parking orbits at a lower altitude than the constellation for spare storage, and model satellite constellation spare strategy problem using a multi-echelon (s,Q)-type spare inventory problem, viewing Earth's ground as a supplier, parking orbits as warehouses, and in-plane spare stocks as retailers. This approach is unique in that the parking orbits (warehouses) drift away from the orbital planes over time due to orbital mechanics effects, and the in-plane spare stocks (retailers) would receive the resupply from the closest (i.e., minimum waiting time) available warehouse at the time of delivery. The parking orbits (warehouse) are also resupplied from the ground (supplier) with stochastic lead time caused by the order processing and launch opportunities, leveraging the cost saving effects by launching many satellites in one rocket (i.e., batch launch discount). The proposed model is validated against simulations using Latin Hypercube Sampling, and an optimization formulation based on the proposed model is introduced to identify spare strategy, comprising the parking orbits characteristics and all locations policies, to minimize the maintenance cost of the system given performance requirements. The proposed model and optimization method are applied to a real-world case study of satellite mega-constellation to demonstrate their value.","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Jakob, Pauline C."],"institution":"University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign","degree_name":"M.S.","degree_level":"Thesis","degree_discipline":"Aerospace Engineering","degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":["Ho, Koki"],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2018,"date_issued":"2018-09-04T20:36:53Z","date_published":"2018-09-04T20:36:53Z","updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:24:38Z","subjects":["Satellite constellation","Optimization","Spare strategy","Multi-echelon inventory control","Satellite systems"],"languages":["en"],"rights":["Copyright 2018 by Pauline C. Jakob."],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2142/101221","outbound_label":"Handle","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor","label":"Contributor","values":["Ho, Koki"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Jakob, Pauline C."]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date","label":"Dc Date","values":["2018-09-04T20:36:53Z","2020-09-05T09:15:26Z","2018-04-25","2018-05"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["text"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Aerospace Engineering"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["Thesis"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["M.S."]},{"key":"thesis:institution_name","label":"Thesis Institution Name","values":["University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["Satellite constellation","Optimization","Spare strategy","Multi-echelon inventory control","Satellite systems"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:language","label":"Dc Language","values":["en"]},{"key":"dc:rights","label":"Dc Rights","values":["Copyright 2018 by Pauline C. Jakob."]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["http://hdl.handle.net/2142/101221"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description","label":"Description","values":["The recent growing trend to develop large-scale satellite constellations (i.e., megaconstellation) with low-cost small satellites has brought the need for an efficient and scalable maintenance strategy decision plan. Traditional spare strategies for satellite constellations cannot handle these mega-constellations due to their limited scalability in number of satellites and/or their lack of consideration of the relatively low reliability of small satellites. This research proposes a novel spare strategy using an inventory management approach. The model considers a set of parking orbits at a lower altitude than the constellation for spare storage, and model satellite constellation spare strategy problem using a multi-echelon (s,Q)-type spare inventory problem, viewing Earth's ground as a supplier, parking orbits as warehouses, and in-plane spare stocks as retailers. This approach is unique in that the parking orbits (warehouses) drift away from the orbital planes over time due to orbital mechanics effects, and the in-plane spare stocks (retailers) would receive the resupply from the closest (i.e., minimum waiting time) available warehouse at the time of delivery. The parking orbits (warehouse) are also resupplied from the ground (supplier) with stochastic lead time caused by the order processing and launch opportunities, leveraging the cost saving effects by launching many satellites in one rocket (i.e., batch launch discount). The proposed model is validated against simulations using Latin Hypercube Sampling, and an optimization formulation based on the proposed model is introduced to identify spare strategy, comprising the parking orbits characteristics and all locations policies, to minimize the maintenance cost of the system given performance requirements. The proposed model and optimization method are applied to a real-world case study of satellite mega-constellation to demonstrate their value.","Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'U of I Access', the embargo will last until 2020-05-01","The student, Pauline Jakob, accepted the attached license on 2018-04-24 at 14:07.","The student, Pauline Jakob, submitted this Thesis for approval on 2018-04-24 at 14:22.","This Thesis was approved for publication on 2018-04-25 at 08:37.","DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #12451 on 2018-08-31 at 17:21:25","Made available in DSpace on 2018-09-04T20:36:53Z (GMT). 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Traditional spare strategies for satellite constellations cannot handle these mega-constellations due to their limited scalability in number of satellites and/or their lack of consideration of the relatively low reliability of small satellites. This research proposes a novel spare strategy using an inventory management approach. The model considers a set of parking orbits at a lower altitude than the constellation for spare storage, and model satellite constellation spare strategy problem using a multi-echelon (s,Q)-type spare inventory problem, viewing Earth's ground as a supplier, parking orbits as warehouses, and in-plane spare stocks as retailers. This approach is unique in that the parking orbits (warehouses) drift away from the orbital planes over time due to orbital mechanics effects, and the in-plane spare stocks (retailers) would receive the resupply from the closest (i.e., minimum waiting time) available warehouse at the time of delivery. The parking orbits (warehouse) are also resupplied from the ground (supplier) with stochastic lead time caused by the order processing and launch opportunities, leveraging the cost saving effects by launching many satellites in one rocket (i.e., batch launch discount). The proposed model is validated against simulations using Latin Hypercube Sampling, and an optimization formulation based on the proposed model is introduced to identify spare strategy, comprising the parking orbits characteristics and all locations policies, to minimize the maintenance cost of the system given performance requirements. The proposed model and optimization method are applied to a real-world case study of satellite mega-constellation to demonstrate their value.","Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'U of I Access', the embargo will last until 2020-05-01","The student, Pauline Jakob, accepted the attached license on 2018-04-24 at 14:07.","The student, Pauline Jakob, submitted this Thesis for approval on 2018-04-24 at 14:22.","This Thesis was approved for publication on 2018-04-25 at 08:37.","DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #12451 on 2018-08-31 at 17:21:25","Made available in DSpace on 2018-09-04T20:36:53Z (GMT). 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Jakob."],"dc:subject":["Satellite constellation","Optimization","Spare strategy","Multi-echelon inventory control","Satellite systems"],"dc:title":["Optimal satellite constellation spare strategy using multi-echelon inventory control with stochastic demand and lead times"],"dc:type":["text"],"thesis:degree_discipline":["Aerospace Engineering"],"thesis:degree_level":["Thesis"],"thesis:degree_name":["M.S."],"thesis:institution_name":["University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:24:38Z"}