{"id":{"repo_id":"uiuc","oai_identifier":"oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/101203"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/uiuc/oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/101203","repository":{"repo_id":"uiuc","name":"University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign","base_url":"https://www.ideals.illinois.edu/oai-pmh"},"display":{"title":"Perennial energy crops on riparian buffers affect nitrogen cycling microbial communities","abstract":"Production of perennial bioenergy crops on farmland that is suboptimal for food crops has been suggested for ecosystem services such as mitigating greenhouse gas emissions and reducing nutrient loss while producing sustainable bioenergy feedstocks. Even though we understand the relationship between N fertilization and energy crop biomass production, our understanding of the interaction between the soil N cycle and bioenergy crop production is limited. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of perennial energy crop management practices, including grass species (switchgrass, prairie cordgrass, Miscanthus x giganteus, and a grass mixture), harvest timing (at anthesis and after a killing frost), and N application rate (0, 56, and 112 kg N ha-1) on soil functional microbial communities involved in the N cycle on a wet marginal riparian buffer. We investigated the abundances of genes encoding the enzymes of N cycling functional groups involved in ammonia oxidation (amoA), nitrite ammonification (nrfA), denitrification (nirK, nirS, norB, and nosZ), and N fixation (nifH). The results indicated that N application significantly affected the abundance of four different functional enzyme groups. The abundance of bacterial amoA (AOB) increased as N fertilization increased, thereby increasing the proportion of AOB compared to archaeal amoA (AOA). The nitrite reductase genes, nrfA and nirS, were more abundant in the plots with 56 kg N ha-1 applied; however, the nirK nitrite reductase, the same functional gene as nirS, did not differ across N applications. Overall, AOA, nrfA, and norB were correlated with each other as were AOB, nirK, and nosZ. Our data implies that management practices of perennial grasses, especially N application, could have significant impacts on changes in soil microbial communities within the rhizosphere.","abstract_html":"Production of perennial bioenergy crops on farmland that is suboptimal for food crops has been suggested for ecosystem services such as mitigating greenhouse gas emissions and reducing nutrient loss while producing sustainable bioenergy feedstocks. Even though we understand the relationship between N fertilization and energy crop biomass production, our understanding of the interaction between the soil N cycle and bioenergy crop production is limited. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of perennial energy crop management practices, including grass species (switchgrass, prairie cordgrass, Miscanthus x giganteus, and a grass mixture), harvest timing (at anthesis and after a killing frost), and N application rate (0, 56, and 112 kg N ha-1) on soil functional microbial communities involved in the N cycle on a wet marginal riparian buffer. We investigated the abundances of genes encoding the enzymes of N cycling functional groups involved in ammonia oxidation (amoA), nitrite ammonification (nrfA), denitrification (nirK, nirS, norB, and nosZ), and N fixation (nifH). The results indicated that N application significantly affected the abundance of four different functional enzyme groups. The abundance of bacterial amoA (AOB) increased as N fertilization increased, thereby increasing the proportion of AOB compared to archaeal amoA (AOA). The nitrite reductase genes, nrfA and nirS, were more abundant in the plots with 56 kg N ha-1 applied; however, the nirK nitrite reductase, the same functional gene as nirS, did not differ across N applications. Overall, AOA, nrfA, and norB were correlated with each other as were AOB, nirK, and nosZ. Our data implies that management practices of perennial grasses, especially N application, could have significant impacts on changes in soil microbial communities within the rhizosphere.","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Kim, Hyemi"],"institution":"University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign","degree_name":"M.S.","degree_level":"Thesis","degree_discipline":"Crop Sciences","degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":["Lee, DoKyoung","Yannarell, Anthony","Voigt, Thomas"],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2018,"date_issued":"2018-09-04T20:36:50Z","date_published":"2018-09-04T20:36:50Z","updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:24:38Z","subjects":["Soil microbial community","Perennial grass","Nitrogen cycle","Nitrogen fixation","Nitrification","Denitrification","Real-time PCR"],"languages":["en"],"rights":["Copyright 2018 Hyemi Kim"],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2142/101203","outbound_label":"Handle","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor","label":"Contributor","values":["Lee, DoKyoung","Yannarell, Anthony","Voigt, Thomas"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Kim, Hyemi"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date","label":"Dc Date","values":["2018-09-04T20:36:50Z","2020-09-05T09:15:29Z","2018-04-20","2018-05"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["text"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Crop Sciences"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["Thesis"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["M.S."]},{"key":"thesis:institution_name","label":"Thesis Institution Name","values":["University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["Soil microbial community","Perennial grass","Nitrogen cycle","Nitrogen fixation","Nitrification","Denitrification","Real-time PCR"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:language","label":"Dc Language","values":["en"]},{"key":"dc:rights","label":"Dc Rights","values":["Copyright 2018 Hyemi Kim"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["http://hdl.handle.net/2142/101203"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description","label":"Description","values":["Production of perennial bioenergy crops on farmland that is suboptimal for food crops has been suggested for ecosystem services such as mitigating greenhouse gas emissions and reducing nutrient loss while producing sustainable bioenergy feedstocks. Even though we understand the relationship between N fertilization and energy crop biomass production, our understanding of the interaction between the soil N cycle and bioenergy crop production is limited. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of perennial energy crop management practices, including grass species (switchgrass, prairie cordgrass, Miscanthus x giganteus, and a grass mixture), harvest timing (at anthesis and after a killing frost), and N application rate (0, 56, and 112 kg N ha-1) on soil functional microbial communities involved in the N cycle on a wet marginal riparian buffer. We investigated the abundances of genes encoding the enzymes of N cycling functional groups involved in ammonia oxidation (amoA), nitrite ammonification (nrfA), denitrification (nirK, nirS, norB, and nosZ), and N fixation (nifH). The results indicated that N application significantly affected the abundance of four different functional enzyme groups. The abundance of bacterial amoA (AOB) increased as N fertilization increased, thereby increasing the proportion of AOB compared to archaeal amoA (AOA). The nitrite reductase genes, nrfA and nirS, were more abundant in the plots with 56 kg N ha-1 applied; however, the nirK nitrite reductase, the same functional gene as nirS, did not differ across N applications. Overall, AOA, nrfA, and norB were correlated with each other as were AOB, nirK, and nosZ. Our data implies that management practices of perennial grasses, especially N application, could have significant impacts on changes in soil microbial communities within the rhizosphere.","Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'U of I Access', the embargo will last until 2020-05-01","The student, Hyemi Kim, accepted the attached license on 2018-04-20 at 09:42.","The student, Hyemi Kim, submitted this Thesis for approval on 2018-04-20 at 09:51.","This Thesis was approved for publication on 2018-04-20 at 11:07.","DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #12398 on 2018-08-31 at 17:21:09","Made available in DSpace on 2018-09-04T20:36:50Z (GMT). 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Even though we understand the relationship between N fertilization and energy crop biomass production, our understanding of the interaction between the soil N cycle and bioenergy crop production is limited. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of perennial energy crop management practices, including grass species (switchgrass, prairie cordgrass, Miscanthus x giganteus, and a grass mixture), harvest timing (at anthesis and after a killing frost), and N application rate (0, 56, and 112 kg N ha-1) on soil functional microbial communities involved in the N cycle on a wet marginal riparian buffer. We investigated the abundances of genes encoding the enzymes of N cycling functional groups involved in ammonia oxidation (amoA), nitrite ammonification (nrfA), denitrification (nirK, nirS, norB, and nosZ), and N fixation (nifH). The results indicated that N application significantly affected the abundance of four different functional enzyme groups. The abundance of bacterial amoA (AOB) increased as N fertilization increased, thereby increasing the proportion of AOB compared to archaeal amoA (AOA). The nitrite reductase genes, nrfA and nirS, were more abundant in the plots with 56 kg N ha-1 applied; however, the nirK nitrite reductase, the same functional gene as nirS, did not differ across N applications. Overall, AOA, nrfA, and norB were correlated with each other as were AOB, nirK, and nosZ. Our data implies that management practices of perennial grasses, especially N application, could have significant impacts on changes in soil microbial communities within the rhizosphere.","Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'U of I Access', the embargo will last until 2020-05-01","The student, Hyemi Kim, accepted the attached license on 2018-04-20 at 09:42.","The student, Hyemi Kim, submitted this Thesis for approval on 2018-04-20 at 09:51.","This Thesis was approved for publication on 2018-04-20 at 11:07.","DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #12398 on 2018-08-31 at 17:21:09","Made available in DSpace on 2018-09-04T20:36:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 KIM-THESIS-2018.pdf: 862477 bytes, checksum: 7caeb8783d580f99db31ab0f92dfccaf (MD5) LICENSE.txt: 4206 bytes, checksum: 4ec5918f8d91e401537f6b549fe45db8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-04-20","Embargo set by: Seth Robbins for item 107287 Lift date: 2020-09-04T20:37:00Z Reason: Author requested U of Illinois access only (OA after 2yrs) in Vireo ETD system","Embargo set by: Seth Robbins for item 107287 Lift date: 2020-09-04T20:42:08Z Reason: Author requested U of Illinois access only (OA after 2yrs) in Vireo ETD system","U of I Only Restriction Lifted for Item 107287 on 2020-09-05T09:15:29Z."],"dc:format":["application/pdf"],"dc:identifier":["http://hdl.handle.net/2142/101203"],"dc:language":["en"],"dc:rights":["Copyright 2018 Hyemi Kim"],"dc:subject":["Soil microbial community","Perennial grass","Nitrogen cycle","Nitrogen fixation","Nitrification","Denitrification","Real-time PCR"],"dc:title":["Perennial energy crops on riparian buffers affect nitrogen cycling microbial communities"],"dc:type":["text"],"thesis:degree_discipline":["Crop Sciences"],"thesis:degree_level":["Thesis"],"thesis:degree_name":["M.S."],"thesis:institution_name":["University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:24:38Z"}