{"id":{"repo_id":"uiuc","oai_identifier":"oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/100929"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/uiuc/oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/100929","repository":{"repo_id":"uiuc","name":"University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign","base_url":"https://www.ideals.illinois.edu/oai-pmh"},"display":{"title":"Imagination in the public domain: The case of the homeless workers movement (MTST) in São Paulo, Brazil","abstract":"The foundational stone of radical planning, Knowledge and Action in the Public Domain (Friedmann, 1987), focused on the connection between reason and democracy based on the concepts of the single and double loop of learning. In this thesis, I start a conversation about the meaning, use, and application of a triple loop of learning to planning theory and practice by focusing on the connection between imagination and democracy. Toward that goal, I integrate the ideas of future as a source of learning (Scharmer, 2009) and future as a space of struggle between the opening up and closing down of the imagination (Miraftab, 2018). I ask how planners can unleash the collective imagination towards the flourishing of more humane urban futures. This thesis seeks to answer this question through the ethnographic case study of the grassroots housing Homeless Workers Movement (MTST ─ Movimento dos Trabalhadores Sem-Teto) in the São Paulo Metropolitan Area, Brazil. Field data was collected in December 2016 and January 2017 through in-person interviews, focus groups, content analysis of local news media and MTST’s documents, and participant observation of land occupations and meetings. Two conceptual poles guide this research: first, understanding future as a spatiotemporal layer in the city palimpsest. This means a set of images of the future ─ in tension with each other and with memories of the past and possibilities of present ─ that functions as a disciplinary instrument orchestrating planning. Second, understanding collective imagination as a dynamic tensegrity ─ a concept borrowed from architecture and applied in psychology and organizational studies ─ to indicate the mobile tensional arrangement of interconnected memories, present possibilities, and future projections. Reflecting on the case of Sao Paulo and its formal planning processes, I show how contemporary city planning has systematically contributed to making territories, people, and futures invisible via processes that close down certain kinds of futures and imagination of alternatives. In contrast, by documenting MTST activists’ practices and testimonials, I show how insurgent practices make territories (space) visible, make people visible to themselves (identities), and, to a certain extent, make the future visible (vision) through processes that open up the imagination of alternative futures for a more humane urbanism. This binary structure is only partially applicable; the tension between these complex processes ─ the opening up and closing down of the imagination ─ is present in both insurgent and conventional planning settings. Rather than proposing a blueprint for practice, this research is an initial inquiry to problematize imagination in city planning. This thesis reframes imagination from being an individual trait, or the automatic outcome of the democratic process, to a spatially and socially circumscribed process engaging three dimensions of space, identity, and vision, in three layers (past, present, and future). I propose that unleashing the collective imagination is a key aspect of the planner’s role of mediation for social learning. Further collaborative and interdisciplinary research on the intricate connection between imagination and democracy would bring great value for planning theory and practice. We need to move beyond hope, imagining new horizons that do not reproduce the grammar of the present into the future, but instead reinvent unique humane compositions of past-present-future possibilities.","abstract_html":"The foundational stone of radical planning, Knowledge and Action in the Public Domain (Friedmann, 1987), focused on the connection between reason and democracy based on the concepts of the single and double loop of learning. In this thesis, I start a conversation about the meaning, use, and application of a triple loop of learning to planning theory and practice by focusing on the connection between imagination and democracy. Toward that goal, I integrate the ideas of future as a source of learning (Scharmer, 2009) and future as a space of struggle between the opening up and closing down of the imagination (Miraftab, 2018). I ask how planners can unleash the collective imagination towards the flourishing of more humane urban futures. This thesis seeks to answer this question through the ethnographic case study of the grassroots housing Homeless Workers Movement (MTST ─ Movimento dos Trabalhadores Sem-Teto) in the São Paulo Metropolitan Area, Brazil. Field data was collected in December 2016 and January 2017 through in-person interviews, focus groups, content analysis of local news media and MTST’s documents, and participant observation of land occupations and meetings. Two conceptual poles guide this research: first, understanding future as a spatiotemporal layer in the city palimpsest. This means a set of images of the future ─ in tension with each other and with memories of the past and possibilities of present ─ that functions as a disciplinary instrument orchestrating planning. Second, understanding collective imagination as a dynamic tensegrity ─ a concept borrowed from architecture and applied in psychology and organizational studies ─ to indicate the mobile tensional arrangement of interconnected memories, present possibilities, and future projections. Reflecting on the case of Sao Paulo and its formal planning processes, I show how contemporary city planning has systematically contributed to making territories, people, and futures invisible via processes that close down certain kinds of futures and imagination of alternatives. In contrast, by documenting MTST activists’ practices and testimonials, I show how insurgent practices make territories (space) visible, make people visible to themselves (identities), and, to a certain extent, make the future visible (vision) through processes that open up the imagination of alternative futures for a more humane urbanism. This binary structure is only partially applicable; the tension between these complex processes ─ the opening up and closing down of the imagination ─ is present in both insurgent and conventional planning settings. Rather than proposing a blueprint for practice, this research is an initial inquiry to problematize imagination in city planning. This thesis reframes imagination from being an individual trait, or the automatic outcome of the democratic process, to a spatially and socially circumscribed process engaging three dimensions of space, identity, and vision, in three layers (past, present, and future). I propose that unleashing the collective imagination is a key aspect of the planner’s role of mediation for social learning. Further collaborative and interdisciplinary research on the intricate connection between imagination and democracy would bring great value for planning theory and practice. We need to move beyond hope, imagining new horizons that do not reproduce the grammar of the present into the future, but instead reinvent unique humane compositions of past-present-future possibilities.","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Roldan, Aline Mazeto"],"institution":"University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign","degree_name":"M.U.P.","degree_level":"Thesis","degree_discipline":"Urban Planning","degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":["Miraftab, Faranak","Freitas, Clarissa"],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2018,"date_issued":"2018-09-04T20:26:51Z","date_published":"2018-09-04T20:26:51Z","updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:24:38Z","subjects":["City Statute","Programa Minha Casa Minha Vida","Land Occupations","Land Squatting","Community Organizing","Insurgent Planning","Radical Planning","Inhumane Urbanism","Humane Urbanism","Colonization of the Imagination","Colonization of the Future","Invisible City","Imagination","MTST, Homeless Workers Movement","São Paulo","Brazil","New Social Movements","Grassroots Movements","Housing","Urban Policies","Utopia","Urban Utopianism","Future","Urban Future","Hope","City Palimpsest","Tensegrity","Social Learning","Mediation","Triple Loop of Learning","Theory U."],"languages":["en"],"rights":["Copyright 2018 Aline Mazeto Roldan"],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2142/100929","outbound_label":"Handle","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor","label":"Contributor","values":["Miraftab, Faranak","Freitas, Clarissa"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Roldan, Aline Mazeto"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date","label":"Dc Date","values":["2018-09-04T20:26:51Z","2018-04-10","2018-05"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["text"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Urban Planning"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["Thesis"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["M.U.P."]},{"key":"thesis:institution_name","label":"Thesis Institution Name","values":["University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["City Statute","Programa Minha Casa Minha Vida","Land Occupations","Land Squatting","Community Organizing","Insurgent Planning","Radical Planning","Inhumane Urbanism","Humane Urbanism","Colonization of the Imagination","Colonization of the Future","Invisible City","Imagination","MTST, Homeless Workers Movement","São Paulo","Brazil","New Social Movements","Grassroots Movements","Housing","Urban Policies","Utopia","Urban Utopianism","Future","Urban Future","Hope","City Palimpsest","Tensegrity","Social Learning","Mediation","Triple Loop of Learning","Theory U."]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:language","label":"Dc Language","values":["en"]},{"key":"dc:rights","label":"Dc Rights","values":["Copyright 2018 Aline Mazeto Roldan"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["http://hdl.handle.net/2142/100929"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description","label":"Description","values":["The foundational stone of radical planning, Knowledge and Action in the Public Domain (Friedmann, 1987), focused on the connection between reason and democracy based on the concepts of the single and double loop of learning. In this thesis, I start a conversation about the meaning, use, and application of a triple loop of learning to planning theory and practice by focusing on the connection between imagination and democracy. Toward that goal, I integrate the ideas of future as a source of learning (Scharmer, 2009) and future as a space of struggle between the opening up and closing down of the imagination (Miraftab, 2018). I ask how planners can unleash the collective imagination towards the flourishing of more humane urban futures. This thesis seeks to answer this question through the ethnographic case study of the grassroots housing Homeless Workers Movement (MTST ─ Movimento dos Trabalhadores Sem-Teto) in the São Paulo Metropolitan Area, Brazil. Field data was collected in December 2016 and January 2017 through in-person interviews, focus groups, content analysis of local news media and MTST’s documents, and participant observation of land occupations and meetings. Two conceptual poles guide this research: first, understanding future as a spatiotemporal layer in the city palimpsest. This means a set of images of the future ─ in tension with each other and with memories of the past and possibilities of present ─ that functions as a disciplinary instrument orchestrating planning. Second, understanding collective imagination as a dynamic tensegrity ─ a concept borrowed from architecture and applied in psychology and organizational studies ─ to indicate the mobile tensional arrangement of interconnected memories, present possibilities, and future projections. Reflecting on the case of Sao Paulo and its formal planning processes, I show how contemporary city planning has systematically contributed to making territories, people, and futures invisible via processes that close down certain kinds of futures and imagination of alternatives. In contrast, by documenting MTST activists’ practices and testimonials, I show how insurgent practices make territories (space) visible, make people visible to themselves (identities), and, to a certain extent, make the future visible (vision) through processes that open up the imagination of alternative futures for a more humane urbanism. This binary structure is only partially applicable; the tension between these complex processes ─ the opening up and closing down of the imagination ─ is present in both insurgent and conventional planning settings. Rather than proposing a blueprint for practice, this research is an initial inquiry to problematize imagination in city planning. This thesis reframes imagination from being an individual trait, or the automatic outcome of the democratic process, to a spatially and socially circumscribed process engaging three dimensions of space, identity, and vision, in three layers (past, present, and future). I propose that unleashing the collective imagination is a key aspect of the planner’s role of mediation for social learning. Further collaborative and interdisciplinary research on the intricate connection between imagination and democracy would bring great value for planning theory and practice. We need to move beyond hope, imagining new horizons that do not reproduce the grammar of the present into the future, but instead reinvent unique humane compositions of past-present-future possibilities.","Submission original under an indefinite embargo labeled 'Open Access'. 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In this thesis, I start a conversation about the meaning, use, and application of a triple loop of learning to planning theory and practice by focusing on the connection between imagination and democracy. Toward that goal, I integrate the ideas of future as a source of learning (Scharmer, 2009) and future as a space of struggle between the opening up and closing down of the imagination (Miraftab, 2018). I ask how planners can unleash the collective imagination towards the flourishing of more humane urban futures. This thesis seeks to answer this question through the ethnographic case study of the grassroots housing Homeless Workers Movement (MTST ─ Movimento dos Trabalhadores Sem-Teto) in the São Paulo Metropolitan Area, Brazil. Field data was collected in December 2016 and January 2017 through in-person interviews, focus groups, content analysis of local news media and MTST’s documents, and participant observation of land occupations and meetings. Two conceptual poles guide this research: first, understanding future as a spatiotemporal layer in the city palimpsest. This means a set of images of the future ─ in tension with each other and with memories of the past and possibilities of present ─ that functions as a disciplinary instrument orchestrating planning. Second, understanding collective imagination as a dynamic tensegrity ─ a concept borrowed from architecture and applied in psychology and organizational studies ─ to indicate the mobile tensional arrangement of interconnected memories, present possibilities, and future projections. Reflecting on the case of Sao Paulo and its formal planning processes, I show how contemporary city planning has systematically contributed to making territories, people, and futures invisible via processes that close down certain kinds of futures and imagination of alternatives. In contrast, by documenting MTST activists’ practices and testimonials, I show how insurgent practices make territories (space) visible, make people visible to themselves (identities), and, to a certain extent, make the future visible (vision) through processes that open up the imagination of alternative futures for a more humane urbanism. This binary structure is only partially applicable; the tension between these complex processes ─ the opening up and closing down of the imagination ─ is present in both insurgent and conventional planning settings. Rather than proposing a blueprint for practice, this research is an initial inquiry to problematize imagination in city planning. This thesis reframes imagination from being an individual trait, or the automatic outcome of the democratic process, to a spatially and socially circumscribed process engaging three dimensions of space, identity, and vision, in three layers (past, present, and future). I propose that unleashing the collective imagination is a key aspect of the planner’s role of mediation for social learning. Further collaborative and interdisciplinary research on the intricate connection between imagination and democracy would bring great value for planning theory and practice. We need to move beyond hope, imagining new horizons that do not reproduce the grammar of the present into the future, but instead reinvent unique humane compositions of past-present-future possibilities.","Submission original under an indefinite embargo labeled 'Open Access'. The submission was exported from vireo on 2018-08-31 without embargo terms","The student, Aline Roldan, accepted the attached license on 2018-04-05 at 15:13.","The student, Aline Roldan, submitted this Thesis for approval on 2018-04-05 at 15:13.","This Thesis was approved for publication on 2018-04-10 at 14:40.","DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #12131 on 2018-08-31 at 17:10:44","Made available in DSpace on 2018-09-04T20:26:51Z (GMT). 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