{"id":{"repo_id":"uic","oai_identifier":"oai:figshare.com:article/30425356"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/uic/oai:figshare.com:article/30425356","repository":{"repo_id":"uic","name":"University of Illinois - Chicago","base_url":"https://api.figshare.com/v2/oai"},"display":{"title":"Effect of Overlying Material on EndoCem Mineral Trioxide Aggregate Setting Reaction in Primary Molar Pulp","abstract":"Purpose: To evaluate the impact of common restorative materials on the microhardness of ENDOCEM-MTA in primary molar pulpotomies. The study assessed whether the material placed over ENDOCEM-MTA affects its setting reaction, surface hardness, and uniformity across depths. Methods: Fifty extracted primary molars were prepared using standardized pulpotomy protocol. A 3mm layer of ENDOCEM-MTA was applied to the pulpal floor. Specimens were divided into five groups based on the overlying material: control (moistened cotton pellet), resin-modified glass ionomer cement (RMGIC, Fuji II LC), zinc oxide eugenol cement (IRM), RMGIC combined with a stainless-steel crown (SSC), and IRM combined with SSC. Teeth were incubated at 37°C and 100% humidity for 24 hours to simulate oral conditions. After incubation, specimens were sectioned, polished, and analyzed for microhardness using a Vickers Microhardness Tester at depths of 1mm, 2mm, and 3mm. Statistical analyses, including ANOVA and Tukey post hoc tests, were performed with significance set at P < 0.05. Results: All experimental groups performed as well as or better than the control, demonstrating clinical applicability. Group 4 (RMGIC with SSC) achieved the highest mean Vickers Hardness Number (VHN) of 72.66 ± 6.34 at 3mm depth, while the control group exhibited the lowest VHN (58.42 ± 11.26 at 1mm depth). Microhardness remained consistent across all depths, with significant differences observed between materials (P = .0009). Conclusions: Restorative materials significantly influenced the microhardness of ENDOCEM-MTA. RMGIC and IRM combined with SSC produced the most favorable outcomes, supporting their use in single-visit pulpotomies for improved procedural efficiency.","abstract_html":"Purpose: To evaluate the impact of common restorative materials on the microhardness of ENDOCEM-MTA in primary molar pulpotomies. The study assessed whether the material placed over ENDOCEM-MTA affects its setting reaction, surface hardness, and uniformity across depths. Methods: Fifty extracted primary molars were prepared using standardized pulpotomy protocol. A 3mm layer of ENDOCEM-MTA was applied to the pulpal floor. Specimens were divided into five groups based on the overlying material: control (moistened cotton pellet), resin-modified glass ionomer cement (RMGIC, Fuji II LC), zinc oxide eugenol cement (IRM), RMGIC combined with a stainless-steel crown (SSC), and IRM combined with SSC. Teeth were incubated at 37°C and 100% humidity for 24 hours to simulate oral conditions. After incubation, specimens were sectioned, polished, and analyzed for microhardness using a Vickers Microhardness Tester at depths of 1mm, 2mm, and 3mm. Statistical analyses, including ANOVA and Tukey post hoc tests, were performed with significance set at P &lt; 0.05. Results: All experimental groups performed as well as or better than the control, demonstrating clinical applicability. Group 4 (RMGIC with SSC) achieved the highest mean Vickers Hardness Number (VHN) of 72.66 ± 6.34 at 3mm depth, while the control group exhibited the lowest VHN (58.42 ± 11.26 at 1mm depth). Microhardness remained consistent across all depths, with significant differences observed between materials (P = .0009). Conclusions: Restorative materials significantly influenced the microhardness of ENDOCEM-MTA. RMGIC and IRM combined with SSC produced the most favorable outcomes, supporting their use in single-visit pulpotomies for improved procedural efficiency.","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Reem Aldosary (21586226)"],"institution":null,"degree_name":null,"degree_level":null,"degree_discipline":null,"degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":[],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2025,"date_issued":"2025-08-01T00:00:00Z","date_published":"2025-08-01T00:00:00Z","updated_at":"2026-07-27T21:34:52Z","subjects":["Primary teeth"],"languages":[],"rights":["In Copyright"],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":"https://doi.org/10.25417/uic.30425356.v1","outbound_label":"DOI","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Reem Aldosary (21586226)"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date","label":"Dc Date","values":["2025-08-01T00:00:00Z"]},{"key":"dc:relation","label":"Dc Relation","values":["https://figshare.com/articles/thesis/Effect_of_Overlying_Material_on_EndoCem_Mineral_Trioxide_Aggregate_Setting_Reaction_in_Primary_Molar_Pulp/30425356"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["Text","Thesis"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["Primary teeth"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:rights","label":"Dc Rights","values":["In Copyright"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["10.25417/uic.30425356.v1"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description","label":"Description","values":["Purpose: To evaluate the impact of common restorative materials on the microhardness of ENDOCEM-MTA in primary molar pulpotomies. The study assessed whether the material placed over ENDOCEM-MTA affects its setting reaction, surface hardness, and uniformity across depths. Methods: Fifty extracted primary molars were prepared using standardized pulpotomy protocol. A 3mm layer of ENDOCEM-MTA was applied to the pulpal floor. Specimens were divided into five groups based on the overlying material: control (moistened cotton pellet), resin-modified glass ionomer cement (RMGIC, Fuji II LC), zinc oxide eugenol cement (IRM), RMGIC combined with a stainless-steel crown (SSC), and IRM combined with SSC. Teeth were incubated at 37°C and 100% humidity for 24 hours to simulate oral conditions. After incubation, specimens were sectioned, polished, and analyzed for microhardness using a Vickers Microhardness Tester at depths of 1mm, 2mm, and 3mm. Statistical analyses, including ANOVA and Tukey post hoc tests, were performed with significance set at P < 0.05. Results: All experimental groups performed as well as or better than the control, demonstrating clinical applicability. Group 4 (RMGIC with SSC) achieved the highest mean Vickers Hardness Number (VHN) of 72.66 ± 6.34 at 3mm depth, while the control group exhibited the lowest VHN (58.42 ± 11.26 at 1mm depth). Microhardness remained consistent across all depths, with significant differences observed between materials (P = .0009). Conclusions: Restorative materials significantly influenced the microhardness of ENDOCEM-MTA. RMGIC and IRM combined with SSC produced the most favorable outcomes, supporting their use in single-visit pulpotomies for improved procedural efficiency."]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["Effect of Overlying Material on EndoCem Mineral Trioxide Aggregate Setting Reaction in Primary Molar Pulp"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:creator":["Reem Aldosary (21586226)"],"dc:date":["2025-08-01T00:00:00Z"],"dc:description":["Purpose: To evaluate the impact of common restorative materials on the microhardness of ENDOCEM-MTA in primary molar pulpotomies. The study assessed whether the material placed over ENDOCEM-MTA affects its setting reaction, surface hardness, and uniformity across depths. Methods: Fifty extracted primary molars were prepared using standardized pulpotomy protocol. A 3mm layer of ENDOCEM-MTA was applied to the pulpal floor. Specimens were divided into five groups based on the overlying material: control (moistened cotton pellet), resin-modified glass ionomer cement (RMGIC, Fuji II LC), zinc oxide eugenol cement (IRM), RMGIC combined with a stainless-steel crown (SSC), and IRM combined with SSC. Teeth were incubated at 37°C and 100% humidity for 24 hours to simulate oral conditions. After incubation, specimens were sectioned, polished, and analyzed for microhardness using a Vickers Microhardness Tester at depths of 1mm, 2mm, and 3mm. Statistical analyses, including ANOVA and Tukey post hoc tests, were performed with significance set at P < 0.05. Results: All experimental groups performed as well as or better than the control, demonstrating clinical applicability. Group 4 (RMGIC with SSC) achieved the highest mean Vickers Hardness Number (VHN) of 72.66 ± 6.34 at 3mm depth, while the control group exhibited the lowest VHN (58.42 ± 11.26 at 1mm depth). Microhardness remained consistent across all depths, with significant differences observed between materials (P = .0009). Conclusions: Restorative materials significantly influenced the microhardness of ENDOCEM-MTA. RMGIC and IRM combined with SSC produced the most favorable outcomes, supporting their use in single-visit pulpotomies for improved procedural efficiency."],"dc:identifier":["10.25417/uic.30425356.v1"],"dc:relation":["https://figshare.com/articles/thesis/Effect_of_Overlying_Material_on_EndoCem_Mineral_Trioxide_Aggregate_Setting_Reaction_in_Primary_Molar_Pulp/30425356"],"dc:rights":["In Copyright"],"dc:subject":["Primary teeth"],"dc:title":["Effect of Overlying Material on EndoCem Mineral Trioxide Aggregate Setting Reaction in Primary Molar Pulp"],"dc:type":["Text","Thesis"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-27T21:34:52Z"}