{"id":{"repo_id":"uhi-uk","oai_identifier":"oai:pure.atira.dk:studenttheses/6fac8e0f-baed-4877-bacc-44a9a8c50a6f"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/uhi-uk/oai:pure.atira.dk:studenttheses/6fac8e0f-baed-4877-bacc-44a9a8c50a6f","repository":{"repo_id":"uhi-uk","name":"University of the Highlands and Islands","base_url":"https://pureadmin.uhi.ac.uk/ws/oai"},"display":{"title":"Design and Development of a Novel Immunological Method to Quantify target-specific cysteine redox state in a microplate","abstract":"Reactive oxygen species (ROS) regulate numerous fundamental processes such
as innate immune response, commonly by modifying the thiol groups (RSH) of
functionally relevant cysteine (Cys) residues of signalling proteins. The ability to
measure target-specific protein thiol oxidation underpins our capability to
interrogate these processes, which is an ongoing bottleneck, as the currently
available methods face various limitations. This was showcased in the present
study where the redox state of interleukin 1 receptor associated kinase (IRAK) 1
could not be measured using mobility shift assays. To address this technical
impediment, a novel technique called RedoxiFluor was developed. RedoxiFluor
involves the labelling of reduced, and reversibly oxidised thiols with spectrally
distinct fluorescent probes, which are used to quantify thiol oxidation in
percentage terms. Proof-of-principle studies were used to validate RedoxiFluor,
where the redox state of the bulk thiol pool could be accurately quantified, when
applied to crude lysates. To achieve target-specificity, antibody-functionalised
microplates were utilised, where IRAK-1-specific thiol oxidation could be
accurately quantified in percentage terms. Using a pair-matched detector
antibody enabled target protein concentration to be quantified in tandem with
percentage oxidation, where combining the two enabled molar quantification of
target-specific thiol oxidation. Overall, RedoxiFluor is currently the only assay
that can measure target-specific redox state in relation to the bulk thiol pool, in
percentages and moles, in a microplate. Next, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) -induced
thiol oxidation of several proteins in THP-1 cells was investigated using
RedoxiFluor. LPS led to an increase in IRAK-1-specific thiol oxidation, which was
accompanied with an increase in protein tyrosine (Tyr) phosphatase (PTP) 1B
(PTP1B), Src homology 2 domain-containing protein Tyr phosphatase 1 (SHP-
1), cluster of differentiation 45 (CD45) and the cα subunit of protein phosphatase
2A (PP2A) -specific thiol oxidation, without altering the thiol oxidation of Src
homology 2 domain-containing protein Tyr phosphatase 2 (SHP-2), phosphatase
and tensin homolog (PTEN), cγ subunit of protein phosphatase 2B (PP2B) and
the bulk thiol pool. These findings provide further insight into the redox regulation
of endotoxin signalling and showcase the various advantages of RedoxiFluor.","abstract_html":"Reactive oxygen species (ROS) regulate numerous fundamental processes such<br/>as innate immune response, commonly by modifying the thiol groups (RSH) of<br/>functionally relevant cysteine (Cys) residues of signalling proteins. The ability to<br/>measure target-specific protein thiol oxidation underpins our capability to<br/>interrogate these processes, which is an ongoing bottleneck, as the currently<br/>available methods face various limitations. This was showcased in the present<br/>study where the redox state of interleukin 1 receptor associated kinase (IRAK) 1<br/>could not be measured using mobility shift assays. To address this technical<br/>impediment, a novel technique called RedoxiFluor was developed. RedoxiFluor<br/>involves the labelling of reduced, and reversibly oxidised thiols with spectrally<br/>distinct fluorescent probes, which are used to quantify thiol oxidation in<br/>percentage terms. Proof-of-principle studies were used to validate RedoxiFluor,<br/>where the redox state of the bulk thiol pool could be accurately quantified, when<br/>applied to crude lysates. To achieve target-specificity, antibody-functionalised<br/>microplates were utilised, where IRAK-1-specific thiol oxidation could be<br/>accurately quantified in percentage terms. Using a pair-matched detector<br/>antibody enabled target protein concentration to be quantified in tandem with<br/>percentage oxidation, where combining the two enabled molar quantification of<br/>target-specific thiol oxidation. Overall, RedoxiFluor is currently the only assay<br/>that can measure target-specific redox state in relation to the bulk thiol pool, in<br/>percentages and moles, in a microplate. Next, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) -induced<br/>thiol oxidation of several proteins in THP-1 cells was investigated using<br/>RedoxiFluor. LPS led to an increase in IRAK-1-specific thiol oxidation, which was<br/>accompanied with an increase in protein tyrosine (Tyr) phosphatase (PTP) 1B<br/>(PTP1B), Src homology 2 domain-containing protein Tyr phosphatase 1 (SHP-<br/>1), cluster of differentiation 45 (CD45) and the cα subunit of protein phosphatase<br/>2A (PP2A) -specific thiol oxidation, without altering the thiol oxidation of Src<br/>homology 2 domain-containing protein Tyr phosphatase 2 (SHP-2), phosphatase<br/>and tensin homolog (PTEN), cγ subunit of protein phosphatase 2B (PP2B) and<br/>the bulk thiol pool. These findings provide further insight into the redox regulation<br/>of endotoxin signalling and showcase the various advantages of RedoxiFluor.","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Tuncay, Ahmet"],"institution":"University of the Highlands and Islands","degree_name":"Doctor of Philosophy (awarded by UHI)","degree_level":"Doctoral Thesis","degree_discipline":null,"degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":[],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2023,"date_issued":"2023-7-31","date_published":"2023-7-31","updated_at":"2026-07-24T05:12:10Z","subjects":[],"languages":["eng"],"rights":[],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["oai:pure.atira.dk:studenttheses/6fac8e0f-baed-4877-bacc-44a9a8c50a6f"],"render_values":[{"text":"oai:pure.atira.dk:studenttheses/6fac8e0f-baed-4877-bacc-44a9a8c50a6f","href":null,"code":true}]}]},"links":{"outbound_url":"https://pure.uhi.ac.uk/en/studentTheses/6fac8e0f-baed-4877-bacc-44a9a8c50a6f","outbound_label":"Repository record","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor.sponsor","label":"Sponsor","values":["ESF studentship"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Tuncay, Ahmet"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date","label":"Dc Date","values":["2023-7-31"]},{"key":"dc:date.issued","label":"Date","values":["2023-7-31"]},{"key":"dc:publisher.department","label":"Dc Publisher Department","values":["Division of Biomedical Sciences"]},{"key":"dc:publisher.institution","label":"Dc Publisher Institution","values":["University of the Highlands and Islands"]},{"key":"dc:relation.isreferencedby","label":"Dc Relation Isreferencedby","values":["https://pure.uhi.ac.uk/en/studentTheses/6fac8e0f-baed-4877-bacc-44a9a8c50a6f"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["Thesis"]},{"key":"dc:type.qualificationlevel","label":"Dc Type Qualificationlevel","values":["Doctoral Thesis"]},{"key":"dc:type.qualificationname","label":"Dc Type Qualificationname","values":["Doctor of Philosophy (awarded by UHI)"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:language","label":"Dc Language","values":["eng"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["oai:pure.atira.dk:studenttheses/6fac8e0f-baed-4877-bacc-44a9a8c50a6f","https://pure.uhi.ac.uk/en/studentTheses/6fac8e0f-baed-4877-bacc-44a9a8c50a6f"]},{"key":"dc:identifier.uri","label":"Identifier URI","values":["https://pure.uhi.ac.uk/files/48798641/A.Tuncay_PhD.pdf"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description.abstract","label":"Abstract","values":["Reactive oxygen species (ROS) regulate numerous fundamental processes such
as innate immune response, commonly by modifying the thiol groups (RSH) of
functionally relevant cysteine (Cys) residues of signalling proteins. The ability to
measure target-specific protein thiol oxidation underpins our capability to
interrogate these processes, which is an ongoing bottleneck, as the currently
available methods face various limitations. This was showcased in the present
study where the redox state of interleukin 1 receptor associated kinase (IRAK) 1
could not be measured using mobility shift assays. To address this technical
impediment, a novel technique called RedoxiFluor was developed. RedoxiFluor
involves the labelling of reduced, and reversibly oxidised thiols with spectrally
distinct fluorescent probes, which are used to quantify thiol oxidation in
percentage terms. Proof-of-principle studies were used to validate RedoxiFluor,
where the redox state of the bulk thiol pool could be accurately quantified, when
applied to crude lysates. To achieve target-specificity, antibody-functionalised
microplates were utilised, where IRAK-1-specific thiol oxidation could be
accurately quantified in percentage terms. Using a pair-matched detector
antibody enabled target protein concentration to be quantified in tandem with
percentage oxidation, where combining the two enabled molar quantification of
target-specific thiol oxidation. Overall, RedoxiFluor is currently the only assay
that can measure target-specific redox state in relation to the bulk thiol pool, in
percentages and moles, in a microplate. Next, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) -induced
thiol oxidation of several proteins in THP-1 cells was investigated using
RedoxiFluor. LPS led to an increase in IRAK-1-specific thiol oxidation, which was
accompanied with an increase in protein tyrosine (Tyr) phosphatase (PTP) 1B
(PTP1B), Src homology 2 domain-containing protein Tyr phosphatase 1 (SHP-
1), cluster of differentiation 45 (CD45) and the cα subunit of protein phosphatase
2A (PP2A) -specific thiol oxidation, without altering the thiol oxidation of Src
homology 2 domain-containing protein Tyr phosphatase 2 (SHP-2), phosphatase
and tensin homolog (PTEN), cγ subunit of protein phosphatase 2B (PP2B) and
the bulk thiol pool. These findings provide further insight into the redox regulation
of endotoxin signalling and showcase the various advantages of RedoxiFluor."]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["Design and Development of a Novel Immunological Method to Quantify target-specific cysteine redox state in a microplate"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor.sponsor":["ESF studentship"],"dc:creator":["Tuncay, Ahmet"],"dc:date":["2023-7-31"],"dc:date.issued":["2023-7-31"],"dc:description.abstract":["Reactive oxygen species (ROS) regulate numerous fundamental processes such
as innate immune response, commonly by modifying the thiol groups (RSH) of
functionally relevant cysteine (Cys) residues of signalling proteins. The ability to
measure target-specific protein thiol oxidation underpins our capability to
interrogate these processes, which is an ongoing bottleneck, as the currently
available methods face various limitations. This was showcased in the present
study where the redox state of interleukin 1 receptor associated kinase (IRAK) 1
could not be measured using mobility shift assays. To address this technical
impediment, a novel technique called RedoxiFluor was developed. RedoxiFluor
involves the labelling of reduced, and reversibly oxidised thiols with spectrally
distinct fluorescent probes, which are used to quantify thiol oxidation in
percentage terms. Proof-of-principle studies were used to validate RedoxiFluor,
where the redox state of the bulk thiol pool could be accurately quantified, when
applied to crude lysates. To achieve target-specificity, antibody-functionalised
microplates were utilised, where IRAK-1-specific thiol oxidation could be
accurately quantified in percentage terms. Using a pair-matched detector
antibody enabled target protein concentration to be quantified in tandem with
percentage oxidation, where combining the two enabled molar quantification of
target-specific thiol oxidation. Overall, RedoxiFluor is currently the only assay
that can measure target-specific redox state in relation to the bulk thiol pool, in
percentages and moles, in a microplate. Next, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) -induced
thiol oxidation of several proteins in THP-1 cells was investigated using
RedoxiFluor. LPS led to an increase in IRAK-1-specific thiol oxidation, which was
accompanied with an increase in protein tyrosine (Tyr) phosphatase (PTP) 1B
(PTP1B), Src homology 2 domain-containing protein Tyr phosphatase 1 (SHP-
1), cluster of differentiation 45 (CD45) and the cα subunit of protein phosphatase
2A (PP2A) -specific thiol oxidation, without altering the thiol oxidation of Src
homology 2 domain-containing protein Tyr phosphatase 2 (SHP-2), phosphatase
and tensin homolog (PTEN), cγ subunit of protein phosphatase 2B (PP2B) and
the bulk thiol pool. These findings provide further insight into the redox regulation
of endotoxin signalling and showcase the various advantages of RedoxiFluor."],"dc:identifier":["oai:pure.atira.dk:studenttheses/6fac8e0f-baed-4877-bacc-44a9a8c50a6f","https://pure.uhi.ac.uk/en/studentTheses/6fac8e0f-baed-4877-bacc-44a9a8c50a6f"],"dc:identifier.uri":["https://pure.uhi.ac.uk/files/48798641/A.Tuncay_PhD.pdf"],"dc:language":["eng"],"dc:publisher.department":["Division of Biomedical Sciences"],"dc:publisher.institution":["University of the Highlands and Islands"],"dc:relation.isreferencedby":["https://pure.uhi.ac.uk/en/studentTheses/6fac8e0f-baed-4877-bacc-44a9a8c50a6f"],"dc:title":["Design and Development of a Novel Immunological Method to Quantify target-specific cysteine redox state in a microplate"],"dc:type":["Thesis"],"dc:type.qualificationlevel":["Doctoral Thesis"],"dc:type.qualificationname":["Doctor of Philosophy (awarded by UHI)"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-24T05:12:10Z"}