Context: Dehydration can have negative effects on performance and mood during intense exercise.
Objective: To examine a soccer program to determine the effectiveness of their hydration protocol during preseason training.
Design: 9-day mixed methods study of preseason training sessions (97.3±21.3 min) and scrimmages (123±14.1 min) for men’s soccer athletes on an NCAA division I soccer team with post-hoc interviews of staff members.
Setting: Outdoor soccer field and indoor training facility.
Participants:21 male NCAA division I soccer athletes (age 20±1 years, height 187.5±2 cm).
Main Outcome Measures: Hydration (BML ,Ucol, USG, Uosmo), Mood (thirst, thermal, ESQ, POMS), Performance (distance covered, total efforts, max velocity, Tgi, HRavg, HRmax), and interview.
Results: No differences between first year players vs. returning players or training sessions vs. scrimmages for BML, Ucol, USG, or Tgi (pcol 5±1; post-practice USG 1.021±0.001; pre-practice Uosmo 746±159.8). Performance was lower than professional male soccer players (distance 5463.32±1088.26 m; HRavg 132.39±14.18 bpm; HRmax 183.6±5.99 bpm; total efforts 250±58; max velocity 25.51±1.84 km/h; average Tgi 38.11±0.35 °C). Mood did not significantly change over the preseason period (pre-practice thirst 3±0l; pre-practice thermal 3.8±0.4; pre-practice POMSTMD 5±4; pre-practice ESQ 5±1). The interview revealed major themes: education and importance placed on hydration, with minor themes: testing, during practice, and outside of practice.
Conclusions: Mild dehydration occurred during intense preseason training. Performance and mood did not decline over the preseason period. This is likely due to emphasis placed on hydration by staff.
","abstract_html":"<p><em>Context:</em> Dehydration can have negative effects on performance and mood during intense exercise.</p> <p><em>Objective: </em>To examine a soccer program to determine the effectiveness of their hydration protocol during preseason training.</p> <p><em>Design:</em> 9-day mixed methods study of preseason training sessions (97.3±21.3 min) and scrimmages (123±14.1 min) for men’s soccer athletes on an NCAA division I soccer team with post-hoc interviews of staff members.</p> <p><em>Setting: </em>Outdoor soccer field and indoor training facility.</p> <p><em>Participants:</em>21 male NCAA division I soccer athletes (age 20±1 years, height 187.5±2 cm).</p> <p><em>Main Outcome Measures:</em> Hydration (BML ,U<sub>col, </sub>USG, U<sub>osmo</sub>), Mood (thirst, thermal, ESQ, POMS), Performance (distance covered, total efforts, max velocity, T<sub>gi</sub>, HR<sub>avg</sub>, HR<sub>max</sub>), and interview.</p> <p><em>Results:</em> No differences between first year players vs. returning players or training sessions vs. scrimmages for BML, U<sub>col</sub>, USG, or T<sub>gi</sub> (pcol 5±1; post-practice USG 1.021±0.001; pre-practice U<sub>osmo</sub> 746±159.8). Performance was lower than professional male soccer players (distance 5463.32±1088.26 m; HR<sub>avg</sub> 132.39±14.18 bpm; HR<sub>max </sub>183.6±5.99 bpm; total efforts 250±58; max velocity 25.51±1.84 km/h; average T<sub>gi</sub> 38.11±0.35 °C). Mood did not significantly change over the preseason period (pre-practice thirst 3±0l; pre-practice thermal 3.8±0.4; pre-practice POMS<sub>TMD</sub> 5±4; pre-practice ESQ 5±1). The interview revealed major themes: education and importance placed on hydration, with minor themes: testing, during practice, and outside of practice.</p> <p><em>Conclusions:</em> Mild dehydration occurred during intense preseason training. Performance and mood did not decline over the preseason period. This is likely due to emphasis placed on hydration by staff.</p>","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Willis, Lesley"],"institution":null,"degree_name":"Master of Science","degree_level":null,"degree_discipline":"Kinesiology","degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":["Lawrence E. Armstrong, Carl M. Maresh","Douglas J. Casa"],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2012,"date_issued":"2012-05-05T07:00:00Z","date_published":"2012-05-05T07:00:00Z","updated_at":"2026-07-24T06:31:50Z","subjects":["dehydration","training","recovery","core temperature","mood","perceptual","performance"],"languages":[],"rights":[],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":"https://digitalcommons.lib.uconn.edu/gs_theses/286","outbound_label":"Repository record","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor","label":"Contributor","values":["Lawrence E. Armstrong, Carl M. Maresh","Douglas J. Casa"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Willis, Lesley"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date.available","label":"Dc Date Available","values":["2012-05-14T07:00:00Z"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Kinesiology"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["Master of Science"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["dehydration","training","recovery","core temperature","mood","perceptual","performance"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["https://digitalcommons.lib.uconn.edu/gs_theses/286"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description.abstract","label":"Abstract","values":["Context: Dehydration can have negative effects on performance and mood during intense exercise.
Objective: To examine a soccer program to determine the effectiveness of their hydration protocol during preseason training.
Design: 9-day mixed methods study of preseason training sessions (97.3±21.3 min) and scrimmages (123±14.1 min) for men’s soccer athletes on an NCAA division I soccer team with post-hoc interviews of staff members.
Setting: Outdoor soccer field and indoor training facility.
Participants:21 male NCAA division I soccer athletes (age 20±1 years, height 187.5±2 cm).
Main Outcome Measures: Hydration (BML ,Ucol, USG, Uosmo), Mood (thirst, thermal, ESQ, POMS), Performance (distance covered, total efforts, max velocity, Tgi, HRavg, HRmax), and interview.
Results: No differences between first year players vs. returning players or training sessions vs. scrimmages for BML, Ucol, USG, or Tgi (pcol 5±1; post-practice USG 1.021±0.001; pre-practice Uosmo 746±159.8). Performance was lower than professional male soccer players (distance 5463.32±1088.26 m; HRavg 132.39±14.18 bpm; HRmax 183.6±5.99 bpm; total efforts 250±58; max velocity 25.51±1.84 km/h; average Tgi 38.11±0.35 °C). Mood did not significantly change over the preseason period (pre-practice thirst 3±0l; pre-practice thermal 3.8±0.4; pre-practice POMSTMD 5±4; pre-practice ESQ 5±1). The interview revealed major themes: education and importance placed on hydration, with minor themes: testing, during practice, and outside of practice.
Conclusions: Mild dehydration occurred during intense preseason training. Performance and mood did not decline over the preseason period. This is likely due to emphasis placed on hydration by staff.
"]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["Examination of Preseason Hydration Strategy of NCAA Division I Men's Soccer Athletes"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor":["Lawrence E. Armstrong, Carl M. Maresh","Douglas J. Casa"],"dc:creator":["Willis, Lesley"],"dc:date.available":["2012-05-14T07:00:00Z"],"dc:description.abstract":["Context: Dehydration can have negative effects on performance and mood during intense exercise.
Objective: To examine a soccer program to determine the effectiveness of their hydration protocol during preseason training.
Design: 9-day mixed methods study of preseason training sessions (97.3±21.3 min) and scrimmages (123±14.1 min) for men’s soccer athletes on an NCAA division I soccer team with post-hoc interviews of staff members.
Setting: Outdoor soccer field and indoor training facility.
Participants:21 male NCAA division I soccer athletes (age 20±1 years, height 187.5±2 cm).
Main Outcome Measures: Hydration (BML ,Ucol, USG, Uosmo), Mood (thirst, thermal, ESQ, POMS), Performance (distance covered, total efforts, max velocity, Tgi, HRavg, HRmax), and interview.
Results: No differences between first year players vs. returning players or training sessions vs. scrimmages for BML, Ucol, USG, or Tgi (pcol 5±1; post-practice USG 1.021±0.001; pre-practice Uosmo 746±159.8). Performance was lower than professional male soccer players (distance 5463.32±1088.26 m; HRavg 132.39±14.18 bpm; HRmax 183.6±5.99 bpm; total efforts 250±58; max velocity 25.51±1.84 km/h; average Tgi 38.11±0.35 °C). Mood did not significantly change over the preseason period (pre-practice thirst 3±0l; pre-practice thermal 3.8±0.4; pre-practice POMSTMD 5±4; pre-practice ESQ 5±1). The interview revealed major themes: education and importance placed on hydration, with minor themes: testing, during practice, and outside of practice.
Conclusions: Mild dehydration occurred during intense preseason training. Performance and mood did not decline over the preseason period. This is likely due to emphasis placed on hydration by staff.
"],"dc:identifier":["https://digitalcommons.lib.uconn.edu/gs_theses/286"],"dc:subject":["dehydration","training","recovery","core temperature","mood","perceptual","performance"],"dc:title":["Examination of Preseason Hydration Strategy of NCAA Division I Men's Soccer Athletes"],"thesis:degree_discipline":["Kinesiology"],"thesis:degree_name":["Master of Science"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-24T06:31:50Z"}