Foods incorporating plant sterols (PS) reduce Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) on average approximately 10%. PS with a higher lipid solubility may promote greater reductions. We examined the cholesterol lowering effect of a novel triglyceride recrystallized phystosterol (TRP). Twenty subjects (mean ± SD; age, 56 ± 10 years; BMI, 27 ± 5) with elevated LDL (>100 mg/dL) participated in three 4-week phases; Phase I, 2% milk; Phase II, milk with 2.0 grams (g) free PS; Phase III, milk with 2.0 g TRP. Before and after each phase two fasting blood draws were obtained for determination of serum cholesterol. Between the 2% and TRP milk phases total, LDL and High-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol changed by -9.0% (p = .001), -11.0% (p = .002) and -8.0% (p = .029) respectively: between the free PS and TRP milk phases total, LDL and HDL cholesterol changed by -3.3% (p = .136), -2.3% (p = 1.00), -6.4% (p = .023) respectively. Apo B concentrations resulted in a decrease of -6.9% (p = .048) between the free PS and TRP milk phases and did not significantly change between the 2% and TRP milk phases. Triglycerides and Apo A1 concentrations did not significantly change between any of the phases. In conclusion, TRP can be effectively incorporated into a skim milk resulting in a significant cholesterol lowering effect. (218 words)
","abstract_html":"<h1> </h1> <p>Foods incorporating plant sterols (PS) reduce Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) on average approximately 10%. PS with a higher lipid solubility may promote greater reductions. We examined the cholesterol lowering effect of a novel triglyceride recrystallized phystosterol (TRP). Twenty subjects (mean ± SD; age, 56 ± 10 years; BMI, 27 ± 5) with elevated LDL (>100 mg/dL) participated in three 4-week phases; Phase I, 2% milk; Phase II, milk with 2.0 grams (g) free PS; Phase III, milk with 2.0 g TRP. Before and after each phase two fasting blood draws were obtained for determination of serum cholesterol. Between the 2% and TRP milk phases total, LDL and High-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol changed by -9.0% (p = .001), -11.0% (p = .002) and -8.0% (p = .029) respectively: between the free PS and TRP milk phases total, LDL and HDL cholesterol changed by -3.3% (p = .136), -2.3% (p = 1.00), -6.4% (p = .023) respectively. Apo B concentrations resulted in a decrease of -6.9% (p = .048) between the free PS and TRP milk phases and did not significantly change between the 2% and TRP milk phases. Triglycerides and Apo A1 concentrations did not significantly change between any of the phases. In conclusion, TRP can be effectively incorporated into a skim milk resulting in a significant cholesterol lowering effect. (218 words)</p>","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Cusack, Laura Kells"],"institution":null,"degree_name":"Master of Science","degree_level":null,"degree_discipline":"Kinesiology","degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":["C.M. Maresh; W.J. Kraemer","J.S. Volek"],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2012,"date_issued":"2012-05-05T07:00:00Z","date_published":"2012-05-05T07:00:00Z","updated_at":"2026-07-24T06:31:50Z","subjects":["cholesterol","phytosterol","plant sterol","plant stanol","apolipoprotein B","apolipoprotein A1","LDL","HDL"],"languages":[],"rights":[],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":"https://digitalcommons.lib.uconn.edu/gs_theses/270","outbound_label":"Repository record","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor","label":"Contributor","values":["C.M. Maresh; W.J. Kraemer","J.S. Volek"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Cusack, Laura Kells"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date.available","label":"Dc Date Available","values":["2012-05-07T07:00:00Z"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Kinesiology"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["Master of Science"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["cholesterol","phytosterol","plant sterol","plant stanol","apolipoprotein B","apolipoprotein A1","LDL","HDL"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["https://digitalcommons.lib.uconn.edu/gs_theses/270"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description.abstract","label":"Abstract","values":["Foods incorporating plant sterols (PS) reduce Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) on average approximately 10%. PS with a higher lipid solubility may promote greater reductions. We examined the cholesterol lowering effect of a novel triglyceride recrystallized phystosterol (TRP). Twenty subjects (mean ± SD; age, 56 ± 10 years; BMI, 27 ± 5) with elevated LDL (>100 mg/dL) participated in three 4-week phases; Phase I, 2% milk; Phase II, milk with 2.0 grams (g) free PS; Phase III, milk with 2.0 g TRP. Before and after each phase two fasting blood draws were obtained for determination of serum cholesterol. Between the 2% and TRP milk phases total, LDL and High-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol changed by -9.0% (p = .001), -11.0% (p = .002) and -8.0% (p = .029) respectively: between the free PS and TRP milk phases total, LDL and HDL cholesterol changed by -3.3% (p = .136), -2.3% (p = 1.00), -6.4% (p = .023) respectively. Apo B concentrations resulted in a decrease of -6.9% (p = .048) between the free PS and TRP milk phases and did not significantly change between the 2% and TRP milk phases. Triglycerides and Apo A1 concentrations did not significantly change between any of the phases. In conclusion, TRP can be effectively incorporated into a skim milk resulting in a significant cholesterol lowering effect. (218 words)
"]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["Cholesterol Lowering Effects of Milk with Added Phytosterols"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor":["C.M. Maresh; W.J. Kraemer","J.S. Volek"],"dc:creator":["Cusack, Laura Kells"],"dc:date.available":["2012-05-07T07:00:00Z"],"dc:description.abstract":["Foods incorporating plant sterols (PS) reduce Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) on average approximately 10%. PS with a higher lipid solubility may promote greater reductions. We examined the cholesterol lowering effect of a novel triglyceride recrystallized phystosterol (TRP). Twenty subjects (mean ± SD; age, 56 ± 10 years; BMI, 27 ± 5) with elevated LDL (>100 mg/dL) participated in three 4-week phases; Phase I, 2% milk; Phase II, milk with 2.0 grams (g) free PS; Phase III, milk with 2.0 g TRP. Before and after each phase two fasting blood draws were obtained for determination of serum cholesterol. Between the 2% and TRP milk phases total, LDL and High-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol changed by -9.0% (p = .001), -11.0% (p = .002) and -8.0% (p = .029) respectively: between the free PS and TRP milk phases total, LDL and HDL cholesterol changed by -3.3% (p = .136), -2.3% (p = 1.00), -6.4% (p = .023) respectively. Apo B concentrations resulted in a decrease of -6.9% (p = .048) between the free PS and TRP milk phases and did not significantly change between the 2% and TRP milk phases. Triglycerides and Apo A1 concentrations did not significantly change between any of the phases. In conclusion, TRP can be effectively incorporated into a skim milk resulting in a significant cholesterol lowering effect. (218 words)
"],"dc:identifier":["https://digitalcommons.lib.uconn.edu/gs_theses/270"],"dc:subject":["cholesterol","phytosterol","plant sterol","plant stanol","apolipoprotein B","apolipoprotein A1","LDL","HDL"],"dc:title":["Cholesterol Lowering Effects of Milk with Added Phytosterols"],"thesis:degree_discipline":["Kinesiology"],"thesis:degree_name":["Master of Science"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-24T06:31:50Z"}