A radioisotope of rubidium, 82Rb is used in positron emission tomography. Neutral crown ethers and cryptands have been studied as carrier ligands for Rb+ but exhibit low ion carrying capacity and high toxicity. The present study involved investigating a lariat ether containing an ionizable phosphoryl moiety and a lipophilic sidearm. This kind of molecule is expected to be ionized at physiological pH. It should be able to form neutral complexes with Rb+ and may be able to cross the blood-brain barrier.
Molecular modeling of crown ether-alkali metal cation complexes indicates that a macrocycle containing more than 18 but less than 21 atoms can incorporate Rb+ ion in its cavity. Molecular modeling of some of the complexes of phospho-lariat ethers with rubidium using the Spartan'02 software package revealed that a lariat ether containing 20 member macrocycle will probably form the most stable complex with Rb+ion. Also, it was thought that more flexibility could be imparted to the macrocycle if it contains propyleneoxy units instead of ethyleneoxy units which form most crown ethers. Molecular modeling of two phospho-lariat ethers with 16 and 20 membered rings revealed that 20 membered macrocycle may be a better choice due to the side arm's participation in the complexation with Rb+ to a greater extent. Molecular modeling was used to find the bond angles and bond distances in this molecule.
The synthesis to obtain ionizable phospho-bipodands was performed using subsequent benzylation, phosphorylation and hydrogenation steps. The characterization of products was done using HPLC, NMR and ESI-MS techniques. The synthetic scheme used was demonstrated to be plausible and could be used to obtain ionizable phoshobipodands. Extraction using solid phase anion exchange columns proved to be a good clean up procedure for obtaining pure bipodand. This bipodand could be used as a precursor for synthesizing an ionizable 20 membered lariat ether.
","abstract_html":"<p>A radioisotope of rubidium, <sup>82</sup>Rb is used in positron emission tomography. Neutral crown ethers and cryptands have been studied as carrier ligands for Rb<sup>+</sup> but exhibit low ion carrying capacity and high toxicity. The present study involved investigating a lariat ether containing an ionizable phosphoryl moiety and a lipophilic sidearm. This kind of molecule is expected to be ionized at physiological pH. It should be able to form neutral complexes with Rb<sup>+</sup> and may be able to cross the blood-brain barrier.</p> <p>Molecular modeling of crown ether-alkali metal cation complexes indicates that a macrocycle containing more than 18 but less than 21 atoms can incorporate Rb<sup>+</sup> ion in its cavity. Molecular modeling of some of the complexes of phospho-lariat ethers with rubidium using the Spartan'02 software package revealed that a lariat ether containing 20 member macrocycle will probably form the most stable complex with Rb<sup>+</sup>ion. Also, it was thought that more flexibility could be imparted to the macrocycle if it contains propyleneoxy units instead of ethyleneoxy units which form most crown ethers. Molecular modeling of two phospho-lariat ethers with 16 and 20 membered rings revealed that 20 membered macrocycle may be a better choice due to the side arm's participation in the complexation with Rb<sup>+</sup> to a greater extent. Molecular modeling was used to find the bond angles and bond distances in this molecule.</p> <p>The synthesis to obtain ionizable phospho-bipodands was performed using subsequent benzylation, phosphorylation and hydrogenation steps. The characterization of products was done using HPLC, NMR and ESI-MS techniques. The synthetic scheme used was demonstrated to be plausible and could be used to obtain ionizable phoshobipodands. Extraction using solid phase anion exchange columns proved to be a good clean up procedure for obtaining pure bipodand. This bipodand could be used as a precursor for synthesizing an ionizable 20 membered lariat ether.</p>","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Narayan, Urja Vidya"],"institution":null,"degree_name":"Master of Science (M.S.)","degree_level":"Thesis - Pacific Access Restricted","degree_discipline":"Chemistry","degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":["Larry O. Spreer"],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2006,"date_issued":"2006-01-01T08:00:00Z","date_published":"2006-01-01T08:00:00Z","updated_at":"2026-07-24T05:36:35Z","subjects":["Organophosphorus compounds Synthesis","Macrocyclic compounds","Chemistry","Physical Sciences and Mathematics"],"languages":[],"rights":[],"rights_urls":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":"https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/640","outbound_label":"Repository record","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor","label":"Contributor","values":["Larry O. Spreer"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Narayan, Urja Vidya"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date.available","label":"Dc Date Available","values":["2018-06-29T09:03:01Z"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Chemistry"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["Thesis - Pacific Access Restricted"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["Master of Science (M.S.)"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["Organophosphorus compounds Synthesis","Macrocyclic compounds","Chemistry","Physical Sciences and Mathematics"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:rights","label":"Dc Rights","values":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/640"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description.abstract","label":"Abstract","values":["A radioisotope of rubidium, 82Rb is used in positron emission tomography. Neutral crown ethers and cryptands have been studied as carrier ligands for Rb+ but exhibit low ion carrying capacity and high toxicity. The present study involved investigating a lariat ether containing an ionizable phosphoryl moiety and a lipophilic sidearm. This kind of molecule is expected to be ionized at physiological pH. It should be able to form neutral complexes with Rb+ and may be able to cross the blood-brain barrier.
Molecular modeling of crown ether-alkali metal cation complexes indicates that a macrocycle containing more than 18 but less than 21 atoms can incorporate Rb+ ion in its cavity. Molecular modeling of some of the complexes of phospho-lariat ethers with rubidium using the Spartan'02 software package revealed that a lariat ether containing 20 member macrocycle will probably form the most stable complex with Rb+ion. Also, it was thought that more flexibility could be imparted to the macrocycle if it contains propyleneoxy units instead of ethyleneoxy units which form most crown ethers. Molecular modeling of two phospho-lariat ethers with 16 and 20 membered rings revealed that 20 membered macrocycle may be a better choice due to the side arm's participation in the complexation with Rb+ to a greater extent. Molecular modeling was used to find the bond angles and bond distances in this molecule.
The synthesis to obtain ionizable phospho-bipodands was performed using subsequent benzylation, phosphorylation and hydrogenation steps. The characterization of products was done using HPLC, NMR and ESI-MS techniques. The synthetic scheme used was demonstrated to be plausible and could be used to obtain ionizable phoshobipodands. Extraction using solid phase anion exchange columns proved to be a good clean up procedure for obtaining pure bipodand. This bipodand could be used as a precursor for synthesizing an ionizable 20 membered lariat ether.
"]},{"key":"dc:source","label":"Dc Source","values":["119"]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["Synthesis and characterization of phosphorous containing macromolecular polyether compounds"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor":["Larry O. Spreer"],"dc:creator":["Narayan, Urja Vidya"],"dc:date.available":["2018-06-29T09:03:01Z"],"dc:description.abstract":["A radioisotope of rubidium, 82Rb is used in positron emission tomography. Neutral crown ethers and cryptands have been studied as carrier ligands for Rb+ but exhibit low ion carrying capacity and high toxicity. The present study involved investigating a lariat ether containing an ionizable phosphoryl moiety and a lipophilic sidearm. This kind of molecule is expected to be ionized at physiological pH. It should be able to form neutral complexes with Rb+ and may be able to cross the blood-brain barrier.
Molecular modeling of crown ether-alkali metal cation complexes indicates that a macrocycle containing more than 18 but less than 21 atoms can incorporate Rb+ ion in its cavity. Molecular modeling of some of the complexes of phospho-lariat ethers with rubidium using the Spartan'02 software package revealed that a lariat ether containing 20 member macrocycle will probably form the most stable complex with Rb+ion. Also, it was thought that more flexibility could be imparted to the macrocycle if it contains propyleneoxy units instead of ethyleneoxy units which form most crown ethers. Molecular modeling of two phospho-lariat ethers with 16 and 20 membered rings revealed that 20 membered macrocycle may be a better choice due to the side arm's participation in the complexation with Rb+ to a greater extent. Molecular modeling was used to find the bond angles and bond distances in this molecule.
The synthesis to obtain ionizable phospho-bipodands was performed using subsequent benzylation, phosphorylation and hydrogenation steps. The characterization of products was done using HPLC, NMR and ESI-MS techniques. The synthetic scheme used was demonstrated to be plausible and could be used to obtain ionizable phoshobipodands. Extraction using solid phase anion exchange columns proved to be a good clean up procedure for obtaining pure bipodand. This bipodand could be used as a precursor for synthesizing an ionizable 20 membered lariat ether.
"],"dc:identifier":["https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/640"],"dc:rights":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dc:source":["119"],"dc:subject":["Organophosphorus compounds Synthesis","Macrocyclic compounds","Chemistry","Physical Sciences and Mathematics"],"dc:title":["Synthesis and characterization of phosphorous containing macromolecular polyether compounds"],"thesis:degree_discipline":["Chemistry"],"thesis:degree_level":["Thesis - Pacific Access Restricted"],"thesis:degree_name":["Master of Science (M.S.)"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-24T05:36:35Z"}