The present study investigated whether the impact of early services was greater for mothers with less education and their first grade children who had less than an 80 IQ and behavior problems. Previous research has focused on children with autism, behavior problems, and interventions, whereas this study did not include autism as a characteristic of the sample population. Multiple regression analysis was used to determine if early services moderated the relationship between maternal education and problem behaviors in children; for which each regression model utilized maternal anxiety, child’s gender, and expressive and receptive language ability as the control variables. When investigating the moderating influence of early services for children with low IQ in the relationship between behavior problems and maternal education, it was found that early services did not have a significant moderating effect. However, it was found that maternal education explained a significant amount of variance in the externalizing behavior of children at the .05 level. This finding indicates that the level of maternal education is a better predictor of behavior problems than whether a child receives early intervention. The significance of this study is that it adds to the research for children with low IQ. However, the results in this study should not be considered for the use of policymaking, given the limitations presented.
","abstract_html":"<p>The present study investigated whether the impact of early services was greater for mothers with less education and their first grade children who had less than an 80 IQ and behavior problems. Previous research has focused on children with autism, behavior problems, and interventions, whereas this study did not include autism as a characteristic of the sample population. Multiple regression analysis was used to determine if early services moderated the relationship between maternal education and problem behaviors in children; for which each regression model utilized maternal anxiety, child’s gender, and expressive and receptive language ability as the control variables. When investigating the moderating influence of early services for children with low IQ in the relationship between behavior problems and maternal education, it was found that early services did not have a significant moderating effect. However, it was found that maternal education explained a significant amount of variance in the externalizing behavior of children at the .05 level. This finding indicates that the level of maternal education is a better predictor of behavior problems than whether a child receives early intervention. The significance of this study is that it adds to the research for children with low IQ. However, the results in this study should not be considered for the use of policymaking, given the limitations presented.</p>","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Pancella, Kara R."],"institution":null,"degree_name":"Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.)","degree_level":"Dissertation - Pacific Access Restricted","degree_discipline":"Educational and School Psychology","degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":["Linda Webster"],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2016,"date_issued":"2016-01-01T08:00:00Z","date_published":"2016-01-01T08:00:00Z","updated_at":"2026-07-24T05:36:00Z","subjects":["Education","Educational psychology","Psychology","Behavior problems","Early services","Intervention","Language ability","Low iq","Maternal education","School Psychology"],"languages":[],"rights":[],"rights_urls":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"identifier_entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["9781339960326"],"render_values":[{"text":"9781339960326","href":null,"code":true}]}]},"links":{"outbound_url":"https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/116","outbound_label":"Repository record","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor","label":"Contributor","values":["Linda Webster"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Pancella, Kara R."]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date.available","label":"Dc Date Available","values":["2018-06-29T08:57:41Z"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Educational and School Psychology"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["Dissertation - Pacific Access Restricted"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.)"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["Education","Educational psychology","Psychology","Behavior problems","Early services","Intervention","Language ability","Low iq","Maternal education","School Psychology"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:rights","label":"Dc Rights","values":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["9781339960326","https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/116"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description.abstract","label":"Abstract","values":["The present study investigated whether the impact of early services was greater for mothers with less education and their first grade children who had less than an 80 IQ and behavior problems. Previous research has focused on children with autism, behavior problems, and interventions, whereas this study did not include autism as a characteristic of the sample population. Multiple regression analysis was used to determine if early services moderated the relationship between maternal education and problem behaviors in children; for which each regression model utilized maternal anxiety, child’s gender, and expressive and receptive language ability as the control variables. When investigating the moderating influence of early services for children with low IQ in the relationship between behavior problems and maternal education, it was found that early services did not have a significant moderating effect. However, it was found that maternal education explained a significant amount of variance in the externalizing behavior of children at the .05 level. This finding indicates that the level of maternal education is a better predictor of behavior problems than whether a child receives early intervention. The significance of this study is that it adds to the research for children with low IQ. However, the results in this study should not be considered for the use of policymaking, given the limitations presented.
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