{"id":{"repo_id":"twu","oai_identifier":"oai:twu-ir.tdl.org:11274/3940"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/twu/oai:twu-ir.tdl.org:11274/3940","repository":{"repo_id":"twu","name":"Texas Woman's University","base_url":"https://twu-ir.tdl.org/server/oai/request"},"display":{"title":"Development of an instrument to measure mothers' perceptions of professional labor support","abstract":"The purpose of this methodological study was to estimate the psychometric properties ofthe Perceived Professional Labor Support Tool (PPLST), a 51-item instrument designed to measure mothers' perceptions of professional labor support (PLS) provided by the registered nurse during labor. The PPLST was based upon a new conceptual model of PLS called the "5 Cs": caring, communication, comfort, competency, and concern. The sample (n = 256) consisted of mothers with non-complicated pregnancies who delivered healthy term infants by either vaginal delivery (91.1 %) or cesarean section ( 8.1 %), at five different birth centers. Mothers were: (a) less than 48 hours postpartum, (b) age 18-42 years (M = 26.1), (c) gravida (M = 2.3), (d) para (M = 1.9). Ethnic representation included: African American (9.9%), Caucasian (78.3%), Hispanic (6. 7%), Native American (1.6%), Asian (1.6%), and other (2%). Psychometric properties of the initial 51-item PPLST that were estimated included: content validity (CVI =1.0), internal consistency (a= .91), test-retest stability!= .93, Q = .00, and concurrent validity with 6 questions representing the 5 Cs conceptual model of PLS, L ==.44 , 12 = .01 . Item reduction using a combination ofCronbach's alpha and principal components analysis (PCA) with varimax rotation resulted in a 30-item scale, the PPLST30, that was internally consistent, a =.94. Six subscales emerged: caring, nurse 's informal communication, nurse's technical communication, monitoringcompetence, professional comfort, and choices- concern. There were significant differences in PPLST30 scores based upon delivery type and ethnicity. Cesarean delivered mothers had lower perceptions ofPLS than those who delivered vaginally. Hispanics and other combined non-Caucasian ethnic groups had lower perceptions of PLS than Caucasians. PLS may not meet multi-cultural needs. The most supportive nursing actions were: (a) being friendly, kind, and respectful; (b) pain management; and (c) monitoring the fetus and mother. Traditional comfort measures (e.g. back rub, hand holding) were considered as least supportive. Findings supported the initial validity and reliability ofthe PPLST30 as a measure ofPLS as well as the "5Cs" conceptual model. The PPLST30, which needs further replication with other samples, could be useful in future outcome studies.","abstract_html":"The purpose of this methodological study was to estimate the psychometric properties ofthe Perceived Professional Labor Support Tool (PPLST), a 51-item instrument designed to measure mothers' perceptions of professional labor support (PLS) provided by the registered nurse during labor. The PPLST was based upon a new conceptual model of PLS called the "5 Cs": caring, communication, comfort, competency, and concern. The sample (n = 256) consisted of mothers with non-complicated pregnancies who delivered healthy term infants by either vaginal delivery (91.1 %) or cesarean section ( 8.1 %), at five different birth centers. Mothers were: (a) less than 48 hours postpartum, (b) age 18-42 years (M = 26.1), (c) gravida (M = 2.3), (d) para (M = 1.9). Ethnic representation included: African American (9.9%), Caucasian (78.3%), Hispanic (6. 7%), Native American (1.6%), Asian (1.6%), and other (2%). Psychometric properties of the initial 51-item PPLST that were estimated included: content validity (CVI =1.0), internal consistency (a= .91), test-retest stability!= .93, Q = .00, and concurrent validity with 6 questions representing the 5 Cs conceptual model of PLS, L ==.44 , 12 = .01 . Item reduction using a combination ofCronbach's alpha and principal components analysis (PCA) with varimax rotation resulted in a 30-item scale, the PPLST30, that was internally consistent, a =.94. Six subscales emerged: caring, nurse 's informal communication, nurse's technical communication, monitoringcompetence, professional comfort, and choices- concern. There were significant differences in PPLST30 scores based upon delivery type and ethnicity. Cesarean delivered mothers had lower perceptions ofPLS than those who delivered vaginally. Hispanics and other combined non-Caucasian ethnic groups had lower perceptions of PLS than Caucasians. PLS may not meet multi-cultural needs. The most supportive nursing actions were: (a) being friendly, kind, and respectful; (b) pain management; and (c) monitoring the fetus and mother. Traditional comfort measures (e.g. back rub, hand holding) were considered as least supportive. Findings supported the initial validity and reliability ofthe PPLST30 as a measure ofPLS as well as the "5Cs" conceptual model. The PPLST30, which needs further replication with other samples, could be useful in future outcome studies.","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Bowers, Beverly Bryce"],"institution":"Texas Woman's University","degree_name":"Doctor of Philosophy","degree_level":"Doctoral","degree_discipline":"Nursing","degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":[],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":["Davis, Gail"],"committee_members":["Beard, Margaret","Holt, Melinda","Stolte, Karen"],"year":2001,"date_issued":"2001-05-30","date_published":"2001-05-30","updated_at":"2026-07-24T05:05:20Z","subjects":["Labor","Perception testing","Maternity nursing","Midwives","Doulas","Perceived Professional Labor Support Tool"],"languages":["en_US"],"rights":[],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11274/3940","outbound_label":"Handle","outbound_source":"dc:identifier.uri"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor.committeechair","label":"Committee Chair","values":["Davis, Gail"]},{"key":"dc:contributor.committeemember","label":"Committee Member","values":["Beard, Margaret","Holt, Melinda","Stolte, Karen"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Bowers, Beverly Bryce"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date.accessioned","label":"Dc Date Accessioned","values":["2015-01-29T19:31:42Z"]},{"key":"dc:date.available","label":"Dc Date Available","values":["2015-01-29T19:31:42Z"]},{"key":"dc:date.issued","label":"Date","values":["2001-05-30"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["Dissertation"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Nursing"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["Doctoral"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["Doctor of Philosophy"]},{"key":"thesis:institution_name","label":"Thesis Institution Name","values":["Texas Woman's University"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["Labor","Perception testing","Maternity nursing","Midwives","Doulas","Perceived Professional Labor Support Tool"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:language.iso","label":"Language (ISO)","values":["en_US"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier.uri","label":"Identifier URI","values":["http://hdl.handle.net/11274/3940"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description.abstract","label":"Abstract","values":["The purpose of this methodological study was to estimate the psychometric properties ofthe Perceived Professional Labor Support Tool (PPLST), a 51-item instrument designed to measure mothers' perceptions of professional labor support (PLS) provided by the registered nurse during labor. The PPLST was based upon a new conceptual model of PLS called the "5 Cs": caring, communication, comfort, competency, and concern. The sample (n = 256) consisted of mothers with non-complicated pregnancies who delivered healthy term infants by either vaginal delivery (91.1 %) or cesarean section ( 8.1 %), at five different birth centers. Mothers were: (a) less than 48 hours postpartum, (b) age 18-42 years (M = 26.1), (c) gravida (M = 2.3), (d) para (M = 1.9). Ethnic representation included: African American (9.9%), Caucasian (78.3%), Hispanic (6. 7%), Native American (1.6%), Asian (1.6%), and other (2%). Psychometric properties of the initial 51-item PPLST that were estimated included: content validity (CVI =1.0), internal consistency (a= .91), test-retest stability!= .93, Q = .00, and concurrent validity with 6 questions representing the 5 Cs conceptual model of PLS, L ==.44 , 12 = .01 . Item reduction using a combination ofCronbach's alpha and principal components analysis (PCA) with varimax rotation resulted in a 30-item scale, the PPLST30, that was internally consistent, a =.94. Six subscales emerged: caring, nurse 's informal communication, nurse's technical communication, monitoringcompetence, professional comfort, and choices- concern. There were significant differences in PPLST30 scores based upon delivery type and ethnicity. Cesarean delivered mothers had lower perceptions ofPLS than those who delivered vaginally. Hispanics and other combined non-Caucasian ethnic groups had lower perceptions of PLS than Caucasians. PLS may not meet multi-cultural needs. The most supportive nursing actions were: (a) being friendly, kind, and respectful; (b) pain management; and (c) monitoring the fetus and mother. Traditional comfort measures (e.g. back rub, hand holding) were considered as least supportive. Findings supported the initial validity and reliability ofthe PPLST30 as a measure ofPLS as well as the "5Cs" conceptual model. The PPLST30, which needs further replication with other samples, could be useful in future outcome studies."]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["Development of an instrument to measure mothers' perceptions of professional labor support"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor.committeechair":["Davis, Gail"],"dc:contributor.committeemember":["Beard, Margaret","Holt, Melinda","Stolte, Karen"],"dc:creator":["Bowers, Beverly Bryce"],"dc:date.accessioned":["2015-01-29T19:31:42Z"],"dc:date.available":["2015-01-29T19:31:42Z"],"dc:date.issued":["2001-05-30"],"dc:description.abstract":["The purpose of this methodological study was to estimate the psychometric properties ofthe Perceived Professional Labor Support Tool (PPLST), a 51-item instrument designed to measure mothers' perceptions of professional labor support (PLS) provided by the registered nurse during labor. The PPLST was based upon a new conceptual model of PLS called the "5 Cs": caring, communication, comfort, competency, and concern. The sample (n = 256) consisted of mothers with non-complicated pregnancies who delivered healthy term infants by either vaginal delivery (91.1 %) or cesarean section ( 8.1 %), at five different birth centers. Mothers were: (a) less than 48 hours postpartum, (b) age 18-42 years (M = 26.1), (c) gravida (M = 2.3), (d) para (M = 1.9). Ethnic representation included: African American (9.9%), Caucasian (78.3%), Hispanic (6. 7%), Native American (1.6%), Asian (1.6%), and other (2%). Psychometric properties of the initial 51-item PPLST that were estimated included: content validity (CVI =1.0), internal consistency (a= .91), test-retest stability!= .93, Q = .00, and concurrent validity with 6 questions representing the 5 Cs conceptual model of PLS, L ==.44 , 12 = .01 . Item reduction using a combination ofCronbach's alpha and principal components analysis (PCA) with varimax rotation resulted in a 30-item scale, the PPLST30, that was internally consistent, a =.94. Six subscales emerged: caring, nurse 's informal communication, nurse's technical communication, monitoringcompetence, professional comfort, and choices- concern. There were significant differences in PPLST30 scores based upon delivery type and ethnicity. Cesarean delivered mothers had lower perceptions ofPLS than those who delivered vaginally. Hispanics and other combined non-Caucasian ethnic groups had lower perceptions of PLS than Caucasians. PLS may not meet multi-cultural needs. The most supportive nursing actions were: (a) being friendly, kind, and respectful; (b) pain management; and (c) monitoring the fetus and mother. Traditional comfort measures (e.g. back rub, hand holding) were considered as least supportive. Findings supported the initial validity and reliability ofthe PPLST30 as a measure ofPLS as well as the "5Cs" conceptual model. The PPLST30, which needs further replication with other samples, could be useful in future outcome studies."],"dc:identifier.uri":["http://hdl.handle.net/11274/3940"],"dc:language.iso":["en_US"],"dc:subject":["Labor","Perception testing","Maternity nursing","Midwives","Doulas","Perceived Professional Labor Support Tool"],"dc:title":["Development of an instrument to measure mothers' perceptions of professional labor support"],"dc:type":["Dissertation"],"thesis:degree_discipline":["Nursing"],"thesis:degree_level":["Doctoral"],"thesis:degree_name":["Doctor of Philosophy"],"thesis:institution_name":["Texas Woman's University"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-24T05:05:20Z"}