{"id":{"repo_id":"twu","oai_identifier":"oai:twu-ir.tdl.org:11274/16929"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/twu/oai:twu-ir.tdl.org:11274/16929","repository":{"repo_id":"twu","name":"Texas Woman's University","base_url":"https://twu-ir.tdl.org/server/oai/request"},"display":{"title":"A comparison of Actual and Preferred Behavior Modification techniques used in Physical Education in the Public schools with students profoundly mentally retarded","abstract":"The purpose of this study was to compare which behavioral modification techniques are currently preferred and what Is actually being used by adapted physical education teachers in the state of Texas who work with students who are PMR In the public schools. In addition, actual and preferred reinforcers used were compared. A questionnaire was developed and returned by 95 respondents. Eighty-seven respondents returned the survey indicating that they provided physical education to students who are PMR. Data from 87 respondents were analyzed through the use of descriptive statistical techniques and a Friedman Two-Way Analysis of Variance Test. From the findings of this study, It was concluded that the type of behavior modification techniques actually used and preferred to be used were very similar. Verbal praise was ranked as the number one behavior modification technique and actually used and preferred to be used by respondents to Increase appropriate behavior. Facial expression was ranked first as the type of behavior modification technique actually used and preferred to be used by respondents to decrease inappropriate behavior. Verbal praise was ranked as first as the type of reInforcer actually used and preferred to be used by respondents.","abstract_html":"The purpose of this study was to compare which behavioral modification techniques are currently preferred and what Is actually being used by adapted physical education teachers in the state of Texas who work with students who are PMR In the public schools. In addition, actual and preferred reinforcers used were compared. A questionnaire was developed and returned by 95 respondents. Eighty-seven respondents returned the survey indicating that they provided physical education to students who are PMR. Data from 87 respondents were analyzed through the use of descriptive statistical techniques and a Friedman Two-Way Analysis of Variance Test. From the findings of this study, It was concluded that the type of behavior modification techniques actually used and preferred to be used were very similar. Verbal praise was ranked as the number one behavior modification technique and actually used and preferred to be used by respondents to Increase appropriate behavior. Facial expression was ranked first as the type of behavior modification technique actually used and preferred to be used by respondents to decrease inappropriate behavior. Verbal praise was ranked as first as the type of reInforcer actually used and preferred to be used by respondents.","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Stranathan, Pam"],"institution":"Texas Woman's University","degree_name":"Master of Science in Physical Education","degree_level":"Master","degree_discipline":"Health science - Physical Education","degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":[],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":["Pyfer, Jean"],"committee_members":["Gench, Barbara"],"year":1995,"date_issued":"1995-12","date_published":"1995-12","updated_at":"2026-07-24T05:04:59Z","subjects":["Behavior modification","Physical education for youth with mental disabilities","Physical fitness-Testing"],"languages":[],"rights":[],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/11274/16929","outbound_label":"Handle","outbound_source":"dc:identifier.uri"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor.committeechair","label":"Committee Chair","values":["Pyfer, Jean"]},{"key":"dc:contributor.committeemember","label":"Committee Member","values":["Gench, Barbara"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Stranathan, Pam"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date.accessioned","label":"Dc Date Accessioned","values":["2025-04-14T20:19:30Z"]},{"key":"dc:date.issued","label":"Date","values":["1995-12"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["Thesis"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Health science - Physical Education"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["Master"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["Master of Science in Physical Education"]},{"key":"thesis:institution_name","label":"Thesis Institution Name","values":["Texas Woman's University"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["Behavior modification","Physical education for youth with mental disabilities","Physical fitness-Testing"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier.uri","label":"Identifier URI","values":["https://hdl.handle.net/11274/16929"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description.abstract","label":"Abstract","values":["The purpose of this study was to compare which behavioral modification techniques are currently preferred and what Is actually being used by adapted physical education teachers in the state of Texas who work with students who are PMR In the public schools. In addition, actual and preferred reinforcers used were compared. A questionnaire was developed and returned by 95 respondents. Eighty-seven respondents returned the survey indicating that they provided physical education to students who are PMR. Data from 87 respondents were analyzed through the use of descriptive statistical techniques and a Friedman Two-Way Analysis of Variance Test. From the findings of this study, It was concluded that the type of behavior modification techniques actually used and preferred to be used were very similar. Verbal praise was ranked as the number one behavior modification technique and actually used and preferred to be used by respondents to Increase appropriate behavior. Facial expression was ranked first as the type of behavior modification technique actually used and preferred to be used by respondents to decrease inappropriate behavior. Verbal praise was ranked as first as the type of reInforcer actually used and preferred to be used by respondents."]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["A comparison of Actual and Preferred Behavior Modification techniques used in Physical Education in the Public schools with students profoundly mentally retarded"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor.committeechair":["Pyfer, Jean"],"dc:contributor.committeemember":["Gench, Barbara"],"dc:creator":["Stranathan, Pam"],"dc:date.accessioned":["2025-04-14T20:19:30Z"],"dc:date.issued":["1995-12"],"dc:description.abstract":["The purpose of this study was to compare which behavioral modification techniques are currently preferred and what Is actually being used by adapted physical education teachers in the state of Texas who work with students who are PMR In the public schools. In addition, actual and preferred reinforcers used were compared. A questionnaire was developed and returned by 95 respondents. Eighty-seven respondents returned the survey indicating that they provided physical education to students who are PMR. Data from 87 respondents were analyzed through the use of descriptive statistical techniques and a Friedman Two-Way Analysis of Variance Test. From the findings of this study, It was concluded that the type of behavior modification techniques actually used and preferred to be used were very similar. Verbal praise was ranked as the number one behavior modification technique and actually used and preferred to be used by respondents to Increase appropriate behavior. Facial expression was ranked first as the type of behavior modification technique actually used and preferred to be used by respondents to decrease inappropriate behavior. Verbal praise was ranked as first as the type of reInforcer actually used and preferred to be used by respondents."],"dc:identifier.uri":["https://hdl.handle.net/11274/16929"],"dc:subject":["Behavior modification","Physical education for youth with mental disabilities","Physical fitness-Testing"],"dc:title":["A comparison of Actual and Preferred Behavior Modification techniques used in Physical Education in the Public schools with students profoundly mentally retarded"],"dc:type":["Thesis"],"thesis:degree_discipline":["Health science - Physical Education"],"thesis:degree_level":["Master"],"thesis:degree_name":["Master of Science in Physical Education"],"thesis:institution_name":["Texas Woman's University"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-24T05:04:59Z"}