{"id":{"repo_id":"tu-berlin","oai_identifier":"oai:depositonce.tu-berlin.de:11303/23501"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/tu-berlin/oai:depositonce.tu-berlin.de:11303/23501","repository":{"repo_id":"tu-berlin","name":"Technische Universität Berlin","base_url":"https://api-depositonce.tu-berlin.de/server/oai/request"},"display":{"title":"Methods for assessing the impact of silicon carbide traction inverters in electric vehicles","abstract":"The automotive industry is witnessing a shift toward large-scale production of Electric Vehicles (EVs) characterized by higher voltage levels, deeper integration of High-Voltage (HV) components, and more complex and flexible HV Direct Current (DC) bus designs. Emerging semiconductor technologies, such as Silicon Carbide (SiC) Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistors (MOSFETs), hold promise for increased efficiency and extended range. To ensure the safe and reliable operation of these systems, it is necessary to consider the current harmonics generated by the traction inverter and their distribution within the HV DC system, as these harmonics can affect the safe operation of the system. This study aims to provide insights to improve the performance, efficiency and reliability of future electric mobility. The efficiency and range of EVs are strongly influenced by its driving cycle, which determines the operating points of the traction inverter. These operating points, in turn, have a significant effect on the current harmonics generated by the traction inverter. Their distribution on the DC bus depends on the output impedance of the traction inverter and the DC bus impedance. In this research, impedance measurements of HV components are used to develop equivalent circuit models along with time and frequency domain simulation models. These models are validated using a laboratory DC bus setup. The dissertation investigates the influence of DC bus modifications, such as the addition or modification of HV components, and proposes a method to model and analyze the distribution of current harmonics across the DC bus and its HV components. Furthermore, this thesis performs a detailed calculation of semiconductor losses during the driving cycle of an EV traction inverter, considering different semiconductor materials and a wide range of influencing parameters. An open source tool is developed to facilitate these calculations, covering aspects from driving resistance to inverter loss calculations. Static and dynamic losses derived from experimental tests are compared with data sheet values and calculation results. The advantages of SiC MOSFETs over Silicon (Si) Insulated-Gate Bipolar Transistors (IGBTs) are analyzed, revealing higher performance advantages for driving cycles with a high proportion of partial load operating points. However, the advantage over Si IGBT is less pronounced for high power operating points or demanding driving cycles. Real EV measurements are used to evaluate the current ripple during steady-state operating points in both time and frequency domains. In addition, a method is proposed to extract the EV velocity using short-time Fourier transform based on the DC harmonics of transient operating points. The thesis examines the effect of DC bus impedance on the DC current spectrum of the traction inverter and its distribution within the HV DC bus of the EV. A method is proposed to transfer current measurements from standardized laboratory setups to the more complex DC bus configurations found in typical EVs. In addition, the critical frequency components of the traction inverter for the complex DC bus are discussed. In conclusion, this dissertation analyzes the advantages of SiC MOSFET traction inverters and discusses their influence on the DC bus in EVs.","abstract_html":"The automotive industry is witnessing a shift toward large-scale production of Electric Vehicles (EVs) characterized by higher voltage levels, deeper integration of High-Voltage (HV) components, and more complex and flexible HV Direct Current (DC) bus designs. Emerging semiconductor technologies, such as Silicon Carbide (SiC) Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistors (MOSFETs), hold promise for increased efficiency and extended range. To ensure the safe and reliable operation of these systems, it is necessary to consider the current harmonics generated by the traction inverter and their distribution within the HV DC system, as these harmonics can affect the safe operation of the system. This study aims to provide insights to improve the performance, efficiency and reliability of future electric mobility. The efficiency and range of EVs are strongly influenced by its driving cycle, which determines the operating points of the traction inverter. These operating points, in turn, have a significant effect on the current harmonics generated by the traction inverter. Their distribution on the DC bus depends on the output impedance of the traction inverter and the DC bus impedance. In this research, impedance measurements of HV components are used to develop equivalent circuit models along with time and frequency domain simulation models. These models are validated using a laboratory DC bus setup. The dissertation investigates the influence of DC bus modifications, such as the addition or modification of HV components, and proposes a method to model and analyze the distribution of current harmonics across the DC bus and its HV components. Furthermore, this thesis performs a detailed calculation of semiconductor losses during the driving cycle of an EV traction inverter, considering different semiconductor materials and a wide range of influencing parameters. An open source tool is developed to facilitate these calculations, covering aspects from driving resistance to inverter loss calculations. Static and dynamic losses derived from experimental tests are compared with data sheet values and calculation results. The advantages of SiC MOSFETs over Silicon (Si) Insulated-Gate Bipolar Transistors (IGBTs) are analyzed, revealing higher performance advantages for driving cycles with a high proportion of partial load operating points. However, the advantage over Si IGBT is less pronounced for high power operating points or demanding driving cycles. Real EV measurements are used to evaluate the current ripple during steady-state operating points in both time and frequency domains. In addition, a method is proposed to extract the EV velocity using short-time Fourier transform based on the DC harmonics of transient operating points. The thesis examines the effect of DC bus impedance on the DC current spectrum of the traction inverter and its distribution within the HV DC bus of the EV. A method is proposed to transfer current measurements from standardized laboratory setups to the more complex DC bus configurations found in typical EVs. In addition, the critical frequency components of the traction inverter for the complex DC bus are discussed. In conclusion, this dissertation analyzes the advantages of SiC MOSFET traction inverters and discusses their influence on the DC bus in EVs.","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Schlüter, Michael Alfons"],"institution":null,"degree_name":null,"degree_level":null,"degree_discipline":null,"degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":[],"advisors":["Dieckerhoff, Sibylle"],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2024,"date_issued":"2024","date_published":"2024","updated_at":"2026-07-27T21:28:40Z","subjects":[],"languages":["en"],"rights":[],"rights_urls":["https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/"],"identifier_entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier.uri","label":"Identifier URI","values":["https://doi.org/10.14279/depositonce-22315"],"render_values":[{"text":"https://doi.org/10.14279/depositonce-22315","href":"https://doi.org/10.14279/depositonce-22315","code":true}]}]},"links":{"outbound_url":"https://depositonce.tu-berlin.de/handle/11303/23501","outbound_label":"Repository record","outbound_source":"dc:identifier.uri"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor.advisor","label":"Advisor","values":["Dieckerhoff, Sibylle"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Schlüter, Michael Alfons"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date.accessioned","label":"Dc Date Accessioned","values":["2024-12-12T15:22:03Z"]},{"key":"dc:date.available","label":"Dc Date Available","values":["2024-12-12T15:22:03Z"]},{"key":"dc:date.issued","label":"Date","values":["2024"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["Doctoral Thesis"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:language.iso","label":"Language (ISO)","values":["en"]},{"key":"dc:rights.uri","label":"Rights URI","values":["https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier.uri","label":"Identifier URI","values":["https://depositonce.tu-berlin.de/handle/11303/23501","https://doi.org/10.14279/depositonce-22315"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description.abstract","label":"Abstract","values":["The automotive industry is witnessing a shift toward large-scale production of Electric Vehicles (EVs) characterized by higher voltage levels, deeper integration of High-Voltage (HV) components, and more complex and flexible HV Direct Current (DC) bus designs. Emerging semiconductor technologies, such as Silicon Carbide (SiC) Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistors (MOSFETs), hold promise for increased efficiency and extended range. To ensure the safe and reliable operation of these systems, it is necessary to consider the current harmonics generated by the traction inverter and their distribution within the HV DC system, as these harmonics can affect the safe operation of the system. This study aims to provide insights to improve the performance, efficiency and reliability of future electric mobility. The efficiency and range of EVs are strongly influenced by its driving cycle, which determines the operating points of the traction inverter. These operating points, in turn, have a significant effect on the current harmonics generated by the traction inverter. Their distribution on the DC bus depends on the output impedance of the traction inverter and the DC bus impedance. In this research, impedance measurements of HV components are used to develop equivalent circuit models along with time and frequency domain simulation models. These models are validated using a laboratory DC bus setup. The dissertation investigates the influence of DC bus modifications, such as the addition or modification of HV components, and proposes a method to model and analyze the distribution of current harmonics across the DC bus and its HV components. Furthermore, this thesis performs a detailed calculation of semiconductor losses during the driving cycle of an EV traction inverter, considering different semiconductor materials and a wide range of influencing parameters. An open source tool is developed to facilitate these calculations, covering aspects from driving resistance to inverter loss calculations. Static and dynamic losses derived from experimental tests are compared with data sheet values and calculation results. The advantages of SiC MOSFETs over Silicon (Si) Insulated-Gate Bipolar Transistors (IGBTs) are analyzed, revealing higher performance advantages for driving cycles with a high proportion of partial load operating points. However, the advantage over Si IGBT is less pronounced for high power operating points or demanding driving cycles. Real EV measurements are used to evaluate the current ripple during steady-state operating points in both time and frequency domains. In addition, a method is proposed to extract the EV velocity using short-time Fourier transform based on the DC harmonics of transient operating points. The thesis examines the effect of DC bus impedance on the DC current spectrum of the traction inverter and its distribution within the HV DC bus of the EV. A method is proposed to transfer current measurements from standardized laboratory setups to the more complex DC bus configurations found in typical EVs. In addition, the critical frequency components of the traction inverter for the complex DC bus are discussed. In conclusion, this dissertation analyzes the advantages of SiC MOSFET traction inverters and discusses their influence on the DC bus in EVs.","In der Automobilindustrie findet eine Verlagerung hin zur Großserienproduktion von Elektrofahrzeugen (EVs) statt. Dies führt zu höhere Spannungsebenen, eine tiefere Integration von HV2 -Komponenten sowie komplexere und flexiblere DC-Hochvolt-Bordnetzen. Neu aufkommende Halbleitertechnologien wie SiC MOSFETs versprechen eine höhere Effizienz und eine größere Reichweite. Um den sicheren und zuverlässigen Betrieb dieser Systeme zu gewährleisten, müssen die vom Traktionswechselrichter erzeugten Stromharmonischen und ihre Verteilung innerhalb des Hochvolt-Bordnetzes berücksichtigt werden, da diese Oberschwingungen den sicheren Betrieb des Systems beeinträchtigen können. Diese Arbeit zielt darauf ab, Erkenntnisse zur Verbesserung der Leistung, Effizienz und Zuverlässigkeit der zukünftigen Elektromobilität aufzuzeigen. Der Wirkungsgrad und die Reichweite von EVs werden stark durch den Fahrzyklus beeinflusst, der die Betriebspunkte des Traktionswechselrichters bestimmt. Diese Betriebspunkte wiederum haben einen erheblichen Einfluss auf die vom Traktionswechselrichter erzeugten Stromharmonischen. Ihre Verteilung auf dem DC-Bordnetz hängt von der Ausgangsimpedanz des Traktionswechselrichters und der DC-Bordnetzimpedanz ab. In dieser Forschungsarbeit werden Impedanzmessungen von HV-Komponenten verwendet, um Ersatzschaltbilder zusammen mit Simulationsmodellen im Zeit- und Frequenzbereich zu entwickeln. Diese Modelle werden mit Hilfe eines Laboraufbaus validiert. Die Dissertation untersucht den Einfluss von Änderungen am DC-Bordnetz, wie z. B. das Hinzufügen oder Ändern von HV-Komponenten, und schlägt eine Methode zur Modellierung und Analyse der Verteilung von Stromoberschwingungen über das DC-Bordnetz und seine HV-Komponenten vor. Darüber hinaus führt diese Arbeit eine detaillierte Berechnung der Halbleiterverluste während des Antriebszyklus eines EV-Traktionswechselrichters durch, wobei verschiedene Halbleitermaterialien und eine breite Palette von Einflussparametern berücksichtigt werden. Zur Erleichterung dieser Berechnungen wurde ein Open-Source-Tool entwickelt, das Aspekte vom Fahrwiderstand bis zur Berechnung der Wechselrichterverluste abdeckt. Die aus experimentellen Tests abgeleiteten statischen und dynamischen Verluste werden mit den Datenblattwerten und Berechnungsergebnissen verglichen. Die Vorteile von SiC MOSFETs gegenüber Si IGBTs werden analysiert, wobei sich für Fahrzyklen mit einem hohen Teillastanteil im Vergleich höhere Leistungsvorteile ergeben. Der Vorteil gegenüber Si IGBTs ist jedoch bei Betriebspunkten mit hoher Leistung oder anspruchsvollen Fahrzyklen weniger ausgeprägt. Reale EV-Messungen werden verwendet, um die Stromwelligkeit während stationärer Betriebspunkte sowohl im Zeit- als auch im Frequenzbereich zu bewerten. Darüber hinaus wird eine Methode zur Extraktion der Geschwindigkeit mittels Kurzzeit-Fourier-Transformation auf der Grundlage der DC-Harmonischen von transienten Betriebspunkten vorgeschlagen. In dieser Arbeit wird die Auswirkung der Hochvolt-Bordnetzimpedanz auf das Stromspektrum des Traktionswechselrichters und dessen Verteilung innerhalb des Bordnetzes des EVs untersucht. Es wird eine Methode vorgeschlagen, um Strommessungen von standardisierten Laboraufbauten auf die komplexeren Hochvoltbordnetz-Konfigurationen zu übertragen, die in typischen EVs zu finden sind. Darüber hinaus werden die kritischen Frequenzkomponenten des Traktionswechselrichters für das komplexen DC-Bordnetz diskutiert. Zusammenfassend werden in dieser Dissertation die Vorteile von SiC-MOSFET-Traktionswechselrichtern analysiert und ihr Einfluss auf das Hochvoltbordnetz in EVs diskutiert."]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["Methods for assessing the impact of silicon carbide traction inverters in electric vehicles"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor.advisor":["Dieckerhoff, Sibylle"],"dc:creator":["Schlüter, Michael Alfons"],"dc:date.accessioned":["2024-12-12T15:22:03Z"],"dc:date.available":["2024-12-12T15:22:03Z"],"dc:date.issued":["2024"],"dc:description.abstract":["The automotive industry is witnessing a shift toward large-scale production of Electric Vehicles (EVs) characterized by higher voltage levels, deeper integration of High-Voltage (HV) components, and more complex and flexible HV Direct Current (DC) bus designs. Emerging semiconductor technologies, such as Silicon Carbide (SiC) Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistors (MOSFETs), hold promise for increased efficiency and extended range. To ensure the safe and reliable operation of these systems, it is necessary to consider the current harmonics generated by the traction inverter and their distribution within the HV DC system, as these harmonics can affect the safe operation of the system. This study aims to provide insights to improve the performance, efficiency and reliability of future electric mobility. The efficiency and range of EVs are strongly influenced by its driving cycle, which determines the operating points of the traction inverter. These operating points, in turn, have a significant effect on the current harmonics generated by the traction inverter. Their distribution on the DC bus depends on the output impedance of the traction inverter and the DC bus impedance. In this research, impedance measurements of HV components are used to develop equivalent circuit models along with time and frequency domain simulation models. These models are validated using a laboratory DC bus setup. The dissertation investigates the influence of DC bus modifications, such as the addition or modification of HV components, and proposes a method to model and analyze the distribution of current harmonics across the DC bus and its HV components. Furthermore, this thesis performs a detailed calculation of semiconductor losses during the driving cycle of an EV traction inverter, considering different semiconductor materials and a wide range of influencing parameters. An open source tool is developed to facilitate these calculations, covering aspects from driving resistance to inverter loss calculations. Static and dynamic losses derived from experimental tests are compared with data sheet values and calculation results. The advantages of SiC MOSFETs over Silicon (Si) Insulated-Gate Bipolar Transistors (IGBTs) are analyzed, revealing higher performance advantages for driving cycles with a high proportion of partial load operating points. However, the advantage over Si IGBT is less pronounced for high power operating points or demanding driving cycles. Real EV measurements are used to evaluate the current ripple during steady-state operating points in both time and frequency domains. In addition, a method is proposed to extract the EV velocity using short-time Fourier transform based on the DC harmonics of transient operating points. The thesis examines the effect of DC bus impedance on the DC current spectrum of the traction inverter and its distribution within the HV DC bus of the EV. A method is proposed to transfer current measurements from standardized laboratory setups to the more complex DC bus configurations found in typical EVs. In addition, the critical frequency components of the traction inverter for the complex DC bus are discussed. In conclusion, this dissertation analyzes the advantages of SiC MOSFET traction inverters and discusses their influence on the DC bus in EVs.","In der Automobilindustrie findet eine Verlagerung hin zur Großserienproduktion von Elektrofahrzeugen (EVs) statt. Dies führt zu höhere Spannungsebenen, eine tiefere Integration von HV2 -Komponenten sowie komplexere und flexiblere DC-Hochvolt-Bordnetzen. Neu aufkommende Halbleitertechnologien wie SiC MOSFETs versprechen eine höhere Effizienz und eine größere Reichweite. Um den sicheren und zuverlässigen Betrieb dieser Systeme zu gewährleisten, müssen die vom Traktionswechselrichter erzeugten Stromharmonischen und ihre Verteilung innerhalb des Hochvolt-Bordnetzes berücksichtigt werden, da diese Oberschwingungen den sicheren Betrieb des Systems beeinträchtigen können. Diese Arbeit zielt darauf ab, Erkenntnisse zur Verbesserung der Leistung, Effizienz und Zuverlässigkeit der zukünftigen Elektromobilität aufzuzeigen. Der Wirkungsgrad und die Reichweite von EVs werden stark durch den Fahrzyklus beeinflusst, der die Betriebspunkte des Traktionswechselrichters bestimmt. Diese Betriebspunkte wiederum haben einen erheblichen Einfluss auf die vom Traktionswechselrichter erzeugten Stromharmonischen. Ihre Verteilung auf dem DC-Bordnetz hängt von der Ausgangsimpedanz des Traktionswechselrichters und der DC-Bordnetzimpedanz ab. In dieser Forschungsarbeit werden Impedanzmessungen von HV-Komponenten verwendet, um Ersatzschaltbilder zusammen mit Simulationsmodellen im Zeit- und Frequenzbereich zu entwickeln. Diese Modelle werden mit Hilfe eines Laboraufbaus validiert. Die Dissertation untersucht den Einfluss von Änderungen am DC-Bordnetz, wie z. B. das Hinzufügen oder Ändern von HV-Komponenten, und schlägt eine Methode zur Modellierung und Analyse der Verteilung von Stromoberschwingungen über das DC-Bordnetz und seine HV-Komponenten vor. Darüber hinaus führt diese Arbeit eine detaillierte Berechnung der Halbleiterverluste während des Antriebszyklus eines EV-Traktionswechselrichters durch, wobei verschiedene Halbleitermaterialien und eine breite Palette von Einflussparametern berücksichtigt werden. Zur Erleichterung dieser Berechnungen wurde ein Open-Source-Tool entwickelt, das Aspekte vom Fahrwiderstand bis zur Berechnung der Wechselrichterverluste abdeckt. Die aus experimentellen Tests abgeleiteten statischen und dynamischen Verluste werden mit den Datenblattwerten und Berechnungsergebnissen verglichen. Die Vorteile von SiC MOSFETs gegenüber Si IGBTs werden analysiert, wobei sich für Fahrzyklen mit einem hohen Teillastanteil im Vergleich höhere Leistungsvorteile ergeben. Der Vorteil gegenüber Si IGBTs ist jedoch bei Betriebspunkten mit hoher Leistung oder anspruchsvollen Fahrzyklen weniger ausgeprägt. Reale EV-Messungen werden verwendet, um die Stromwelligkeit während stationärer Betriebspunkte sowohl im Zeit- als auch im Frequenzbereich zu bewerten. Darüber hinaus wird eine Methode zur Extraktion der Geschwindigkeit mittels Kurzzeit-Fourier-Transformation auf der Grundlage der DC-Harmonischen von transienten Betriebspunkten vorgeschlagen. In dieser Arbeit wird die Auswirkung der Hochvolt-Bordnetzimpedanz auf das Stromspektrum des Traktionswechselrichters und dessen Verteilung innerhalb des Bordnetzes des EVs untersucht. Es wird eine Methode vorgeschlagen, um Strommessungen von standardisierten Laboraufbauten auf die komplexeren Hochvoltbordnetz-Konfigurationen zu übertragen, die in typischen EVs zu finden sind. Darüber hinaus werden die kritischen Frequenzkomponenten des Traktionswechselrichters für das komplexen DC-Bordnetz diskutiert. Zusammenfassend werden in dieser Dissertation die Vorteile von SiC-MOSFET-Traktionswechselrichtern analysiert und ihr Einfluss auf das Hochvoltbordnetz in EVs diskutiert."],"dc:identifier.uri":["https://depositonce.tu-berlin.de/handle/11303/23501","https://doi.org/10.14279/depositonce-22315"],"dc:language.iso":["en"],"dc:rights.uri":["https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/"],"dc:title":["Methods for assessing the impact of silicon carbide traction inverters in electric vehicles"],"dc:type":["Doctoral Thesis"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-27T21:28:40Z"}