{"id":{"repo_id":"texas-state","oai_identifier":"oai:digital.library.txst.edu:10877/2448"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/texas-state/oai:digital.library.txst.edu:10877/2448","repository":{"repo_id":"texas-state","name":"Texas State University","base_url":"https://digital.library.txst.edu/server/oai/request"},"display":{"title":"PTSD: A Predictor of Pain Severity in Fibromyalgia Patients","abstract":"Traumatic life events have been frequently observed in chronic pain patients in empirical research. More specifically, fibromyalgia (FM) has been reported to occur more often after a traumatic event. As posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is also preceded by a traumatic event and has been associated with chronic pain and FM, the relationship between three variables (traumatic events, pain severity, and PTSD) is evaluated. This study examined data from 26 participants who reported having experienced at least one traumatic event and having been diagnosed with FM by a physician. The TLEQ, BPI, and PCL-C were used as measures for traumatic events, pain severity, and PTSD symptomatology, respectively. The total number of traumatic events (TNTE), number of traumatic events experienced in childhood (NTEC), and number of exceptionally traumatic events (H/H) were not able to individually predict pain severity in the whole group. However, TNTE predicted PCL-C scores and PCL-C scores predicted pain severity. Also, upon splitting the group into subgroups based on when the most traumatic event (MTE) was experienced, both TNTE and PCL-C scores predicted pain severity in the group that experienced their MTE in adulthood.","abstract_html":"Traumatic life events have been frequently observed in chronic pain patients in empirical research. More specifically, fibromyalgia (FM) has been reported to occur more often after a traumatic event. As posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is also preceded by a traumatic event and has been associated with chronic pain and FM, the relationship between three variables (traumatic events, pain severity, and PTSD) is evaluated. This study examined data from 26 participants who reported having experienced at least one traumatic event and having been diagnosed with FM by a physician. The TLEQ, BPI, and PCL-C were used as measures for traumatic events, pain severity, and PTSD symptomatology, respectively. The total number of traumatic events (TNTE), number of traumatic events experienced in childhood (NTEC), and number of exceptionally traumatic events (H/H) were not able to individually predict pain severity in the whole group. However, TNTE predicted PCL-C scores and PCL-C scores predicted pain severity. Also, upon splitting the group into subgroups based on when the most traumatic event (MTE) was experienced, both TNTE and PCL-C scores predicted pain severity in the group that experienced their MTE in adulthood.","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Sramek, Kristin N."],"institution":"Texas State University-San Marcos","degree_name":"Master of Arts","degree_level":"Masters","degree_discipline":"Health Psychology","degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":[],"advisors":["Etherton, Joseph L."],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":["Haskard-Zolnierek, Kelly B.","Stimmel, Theron"],"year":2010,"date_issued":"2010-12","date_published":"2010-12","updated_at":"2026-07-27T21:22:30Z","subjects":["trauma","traumatic events","chronic pain","fibromyalgia","PTSD","stress responses"],"languages":["en"],"rights":[],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/10877/2448","outbound_label":"Handle","outbound_source":"dc:identifier.uri"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor.advisor","label":"Advisor","values":["Etherton, Joseph L."]},{"key":"dc:contributor.committeemember","label":"Committee Member","values":["Haskard-Zolnierek, Kelly B.","Stimmel, Theron"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Sramek, Kristin N."]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date.accessioned","label":"Dc Date Accessioned","values":["2012-02-15T10:23:31Z"]},{"key":"dc:date.available","label":"Dc Date Available","values":["2012-02-15T10:23:31Z"]},{"key":"dc:date.issued","label":"Date","values":["2010-12"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["Thesis"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Health Psychology"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["Masters"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["Master of Arts"]},{"key":"thesis:institution_name","label":"Thesis Institution Name","values":["Texas State University-San Marcos"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["trauma","traumatic events","chronic pain","fibromyalgia","PTSD","stress responses"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:language.iso","label":"Language (ISO)","values":["en"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier.uri","label":"Identifier URI","values":["https://hdl.handle.net/10877/2448"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description.abstract","label":"Abstract","values":["Traumatic life events have been frequently observed in chronic pain patients in empirical research. More specifically, fibromyalgia (FM) has been reported to occur more often after a traumatic event. As posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is also preceded by a traumatic event and has been associated with chronic pain and FM, the relationship between three variables (traumatic events, pain severity, and PTSD) is evaluated. This study examined data from 26 participants who reported having experienced at least one traumatic event and having been diagnosed with FM by a physician. The TLEQ, BPI, and PCL-C were used as measures for traumatic events, pain severity, and PTSD symptomatology, respectively. The total number of traumatic events (TNTE), number of traumatic events experienced in childhood (NTEC), and number of exceptionally traumatic events (H/H) were not able to individually predict pain severity in the whole group. However, TNTE predicted PCL-C scores and PCL-C scores predicted pain severity. Also, upon splitting the group into subgroups based on when the most traumatic event (MTE) was experienced, both TNTE and PCL-C scores predicted pain severity in the group that experienced their MTE in adulthood."]},{"key":"dc:format","label":"Dc Format","values":["Text"]},{"key":"dc:format.medium","label":"Dc Format Medium","values":["1 file (.pdf)"]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["PTSD: A Predictor of Pain Severity in Fibromyalgia Patients"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor.advisor":["Etherton, Joseph L."],"dc:contributor.committeemember":["Haskard-Zolnierek, Kelly B.","Stimmel, Theron"],"dc:creator":["Sramek, Kristin N."],"dc:date.accessioned":["2012-02-15T10:23:31Z"],"dc:date.available":["2012-02-15T10:23:31Z"],"dc:date.issued":["2010-12"],"dc:description.abstract":["Traumatic life events have been frequently observed in chronic pain patients in empirical research. More specifically, fibromyalgia (FM) has been reported to occur more often after a traumatic event. As posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is also preceded by a traumatic event and has been associated with chronic pain and FM, the relationship between three variables (traumatic events, pain severity, and PTSD) is evaluated. This study examined data from 26 participants who reported having experienced at least one traumatic event and having been diagnosed with FM by a physician. The TLEQ, BPI, and PCL-C were used as measures for traumatic events, pain severity, and PTSD symptomatology, respectively. The total number of traumatic events (TNTE), number of traumatic events experienced in childhood (NTEC), and number of exceptionally traumatic events (H/H) were not able to individually predict pain severity in the whole group. However, TNTE predicted PCL-C scores and PCL-C scores predicted pain severity. Also, upon splitting the group into subgroups based on when the most traumatic event (MTE) was experienced, both TNTE and PCL-C scores predicted pain severity in the group that experienced their MTE in adulthood."],"dc:format":["Text"],"dc:format.medium":["1 file (.pdf)"],"dc:identifier.uri":["https://hdl.handle.net/10877/2448"],"dc:language.iso":["en"],"dc:subject":["trauma","traumatic events","chronic pain","fibromyalgia","PTSD","stress responses"],"dc:title":["PTSD: A Predictor of Pain Severity in Fibromyalgia Patients"],"dc:type":["Thesis"],"thesis:degree_discipline":["Health Psychology"],"thesis:degree_level":["Masters"],"thesis:degree_name":["Master of Arts"],"thesis:institution_name":["Texas State University-San Marcos"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-27T21:22:30Z"}