{"id":{"repo_id":"texas-state","oai_identifier":"oai:digital.library.txst.edu:10877/16087"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/texas-state/oai:digital.library.txst.edu:10877/16087","repository":{"repo_id":"texas-state","name":"Texas State University","base_url":"https://digital.library.txst.edu/server/oai/request"},"display":{"title":"Educator Sexual Misconduct: An Examination of Sanction Disparities among Texas Female and Male Educators","abstract":"While educator sexual misconduct (ESM) has garnered much attention in the media, there have only been a few empirical studies conducted on this topic. Information is limited because of a lack of standardized reporting policies and limited access to such data. Moreover, research on ESM has largely focused on male offenders, making it difficult to assess the sanction differences by sex. Therefore, sanction disparities between females and males who are accused of ESM are assessed in this research using data from the Texas Education Agency (TEA) database. It is hypothesized that female educators will have been given more lenient sanctions than male educators for having engaged in the same types of acts with students, whereby the findings of this research will show more support for the chivalry hypothesis than the evil women hypothesis. The results, however, indicate that there were no statistically significant differences between the sanctions of female and male educators accused of ESM.","abstract_html":"While educator sexual misconduct (ESM) has garnered much attention in the media, there have only been a few empirical studies conducted on this topic. Information is limited because of a lack of standardized reporting policies and limited access to such data. Moreover, research on ESM has largely focused on male offenders, making it difficult to assess the sanction differences by sex. Therefore, sanction disparities between females and males who are accused of ESM are assessed in this research using data from the Texas Education Agency (TEA) database. It is hypothesized that female educators will have been given more lenient sanctions than male educators for having engaged in the same types of acts with students, whereby the findings of this research will show more support for the chivalry hypothesis than the evil women hypothesis. The results, however, indicate that there were no statistically significant differences between the sanctions of female and male educators accused of ESM.","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Ali, Alvi"],"institution":"Texas State University","degree_name":"Master of Science","degree_level":"Masters","degree_discipline":"Criminal Justice","degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":[],"advisors":["Vandiver, Donna","Hewitt, Ashley N."],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":["Brimbal, Laure"],"year":2022,"date_issued":"2022-08","date_published":"2022-08","updated_at":"2026-07-27T21:22:53Z","subjects":["educator sexual misconduct","sex","males","females","sanctions","disparities"],"languages":["en"],"rights":[],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/10877/16087","outbound_label":"Handle","outbound_source":"dc:identifier.uri"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor.advisor","label":"Advisor","values":["Vandiver, Donna","Hewitt, Ashley N."]},{"key":"dc:contributor.committeemember","label":"Committee Member","values":["Brimbal, Laure"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Ali, Alvi"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date.accessioned","label":"Dc Date Accessioned","values":["2022-08-31T13:10:39Z"]},{"key":"dc:date.available","label":"Dc Date Available","values":["2022-08-31T13:10:39Z"]},{"key":"dc:date.issued","label":"Date","values":["2022-08"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["Thesis"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Criminal Justice"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["Masters"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["Master of Science"]},{"key":"thesis:institution_name","label":"Thesis Institution Name","values":["Texas State University"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["educator sexual misconduct","sex","males","females","sanctions","disparities"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:language.iso","label":"Language (ISO)","values":["en"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier.uri","label":"Identifier URI","values":["https://hdl.handle.net/10877/16087"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description.abstract","label":"Abstract","values":["While educator sexual misconduct (ESM) has garnered much attention in the media, there have only been a few empirical studies conducted on this topic. Information is limited because of a lack of standardized reporting policies and limited access to such data. Moreover, research on ESM has largely focused on male offenders, making it difficult to assess the sanction differences by sex. Therefore, sanction disparities between females and males who are accused of ESM are assessed in this research using data from the Texas Education Agency (TEA) database. It is hypothesized that female educators will have been given more lenient sanctions than male educators for having engaged in the same types of acts with students, whereby the findings of this research will show more support for the chivalry hypothesis than the evil women hypothesis. The results, however, indicate that there were no statistically significant differences between the sanctions of female and male educators accused of ESM."]},{"key":"dc:format","label":"Dc Format","values":["Text"]},{"key":"dc:format.medium","label":"Dc Format Medium","values":["1 file (.pdf)"]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["Educator Sexual Misconduct: An Examination of Sanction Disparities among Texas Female and Male Educators"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor.advisor":["Vandiver, Donna","Hewitt, Ashley N."],"dc:contributor.committeemember":["Brimbal, Laure"],"dc:creator":["Ali, Alvi"],"dc:date.accessioned":["2022-08-31T13:10:39Z"],"dc:date.available":["2022-08-31T13:10:39Z"],"dc:date.issued":["2022-08"],"dc:description.abstract":["While educator sexual misconduct (ESM) has garnered much attention in the media, there have only been a few empirical studies conducted on this topic. Information is limited because of a lack of standardized reporting policies and limited access to such data. Moreover, research on ESM has largely focused on male offenders, making it difficult to assess the sanction differences by sex. Therefore, sanction disparities between females and males who are accused of ESM are assessed in this research using data from the Texas Education Agency (TEA) database. It is hypothesized that female educators will have been given more lenient sanctions than male educators for having engaged in the same types of acts with students, whereby the findings of this research will show more support for the chivalry hypothesis than the evil women hypothesis. The results, however, indicate that there were no statistically significant differences between the sanctions of female and male educators accused of ESM."],"dc:format":["Text"],"dc:format.medium":["1 file (.pdf)"],"dc:identifier.uri":["https://hdl.handle.net/10877/16087"],"dc:language.iso":["en"],"dc:subject":["educator sexual misconduct","sex","males","females","sanctions","disparities"],"dc:title":["Educator Sexual Misconduct: An Examination of Sanction Disparities among Texas Female and Male Educators"],"dc:type":["Thesis"],"thesis:degree_discipline":["Criminal Justice"],"thesis:degree_level":["Masters"],"thesis:degree_name":["Master of Science"],"thesis:institution_name":["Texas State University"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-27T21:22:53Z"}