{"id":{"repo_id":"strathclyde","oai_identifier":"oai:strathclyde:mk61rg92z"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/strathclyde/oai:strathclyde:mk61rg92z","repository":{"repo_id":"strathclyde","name":"University of Strathclyde","base_url":"https://stax.strath.ac.uk/catalog/oai"},"display":{"title":"Coherent control of Rydberg atoms using sub-kHz linewidth excitation lasers","abstract":"This thesis presents the development of a new experimental apparatus for neutral atom quantum computing with Rydberg atoms. We describe the construction and characterisation of three continuous wave lasers stabilised simultaneously on a ultrahigh finesse Ultra-low-expansion (ULE) cavity, providing long-term stability and sub-kHz linewidth lasers with a tunable offset-lock frequency as required for high fidelity quantum operations. High-resolution spectroscopy on a cloud of cold Cs atoms was achieved using electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT), in order to calibrate absolute cavity mode frequencies with respect to Rydberg transitions and determine the cavity long-term drift of ~1 Hz/s.;We have demonstrated trapping of single Cs atoms in optical tweezers and developed a high-resolution imaging system capable of sub-µm spatial resolution in the atom plane. Coherent control of atomic qubits has been achieved via fast rotations between long-lived hyperfine ground states as well as coherent Rydberg excitations towards the states 50S1/2, 69S1/2 and 81D5/2. The experiment allows us to control the atoms electric field environment and minimise stray electric fields with ~1 mV/cm sensitivity, in order to keep long ground-Rydberg coherence times.;We have observed Rydberg blockade between two atoms separated by 6 µm for both states 69S1/2 and 81D5/2, showing an almost complete suppression of the doubly excited state probability. The creation of an entangled state is deduced from the √2 collective-enhancement of the Rabi oscillations with respect to the single atom case. Our ability to perform double-atom experiment offers the opportunity to implement a proof of a principle of a cNOT mesoscopic gate based on EIT, using the Rydberg state 81D5/2 for high-fidelity operations.","abstract_html":"This thesis presents the development of a new experimental apparatus for neutral atom quantum computing with Rydberg atoms. We describe the construction and characterisation of three continuous wave lasers stabilised simultaneously on a ultrahigh finesse Ultra-low-expansion (ULE) cavity, providing long-term stability and sub-kHz linewidth lasers with a tunable offset-lock frequency as required for high fidelity quantum operations. High-resolution spectroscopy on a cloud of cold Cs atoms was achieved using electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT), in order to calibrate absolute cavity mode frequencies with respect to Rydberg transitions and determine the cavity long-term drift of ~1 Hz/s.;We have demonstrated trapping of single Cs atoms in optical tweezers and developed a high-resolution imaging system capable of sub-µm spatial resolution in the atom plane. Coherent control of atomic qubits has been achieved via fast rotations between long-lived hyperfine ground states as well as coherent Rydberg excitations towards the states 50S1/2, 69S1/2 and 81D5/2. The experiment allows us to control the atoms electric field environment and minimise stray electric fields with ~1 mV/cm sensitivity, in order to keep long ground-Rydberg coherence times.;We have observed Rydberg blockade between two atoms separated by 6 µm for both states 69S1/2 and 81D5/2, showing an almost complete suppression of the doubly excited state probability. The creation of an entangled state is deduced from the √2 collective-enhancement of the Rabi oscillations with respect to the single atom case. Our ability to perform double-atom experiment offers the opportunity to implement a proof of a principle of a cNOT mesoscopic gate based on EIT, using the Rydberg state 81D5/2 for high-fidelity operations.","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Legaie, Rémy"],"institution":"University of Strathclyde","degree_name":"phd","degree_level":"doctoral-pg","degree_discipline":null,"degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":[],"advisors":["Pritchard, Jonathan"],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2020,"date_issued":"2020","date_published":"2020","updated_at":"2026-07-24T04:40:46Z","subjects":[],"languages":[],"rights":[],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier.doi","label":"DOI","values":["10.48730/j51x-be97"],"render_values":[{"text":"10.48730/j51x-be97","href":"https://doi.org/10.48730/j51x-be97","code":true}]},{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["T15587"],"render_values":[{"text":"T15587","href":null,"code":true}]},{"key":"dc:creator.authoridentifier","label":"Author Identifier","values":["201585945"],"render_values":[{"text":"201585945","href":null,"code":true}]}]},"links":{"outbound_url":"https://stax.strath.ac.uk/concern/theses/mk61rg92z","outbound_label":"Repository record","outbound_source":"dc:identifier.uri"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor.advisor","label":"Advisor","values":["Pritchard, Jonathan"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Legaie, Rémy"]},{"key":"dc:creator.authoridentifier","label":"Author Identifier","values":["201585945"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date","label":"Dc Date","values":["2020"]},{"key":"dc:date.issued","label":"Date","values":["2020"]},{"key":"dc:publisher.department","label":"Dc Publisher Department","values":["Department of Physics","Experimental Quantum Optics and Photonics Group"]},{"key":"dc:publisher.institution","label":"Dc Publisher Institution","values":["University of Strathclyde","Scottish Universities Physics Alliance"]},{"key":"dc:type.qualificationlevel","label":"Dc Type Qualificationlevel","values":["doctoral-pg"]},{"key":"dc:type.qualificationname","label":"Dc Type Qualificationname","values":["phd"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["T15587"]},{"key":"dc:identifier.doi","label":"DOI","values":["10.48730/j51x-be97"]},{"key":"dc:identifier.uri","label":"Identifier URI","values":["https://stax.strath.ac.uk/concern/theses/mk61rg92z"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description","label":"Description","values":["This thesis presents the development of a new experimental apparatus for neutral atom quantum computing with Rydberg atoms. We describe the construction and characterisation of three continuous wave lasers stabilised simultaneously on a ultrahigh finesse Ultra-low-expansion (ULE) cavity, providing long-term stability and sub-kHz linewidth lasers with a tunable offset-lock frequency as required for high fidelity quantum operations. High-resolution spectroscopy on a cloud of cold Cs atoms was achieved using electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT), in order to calibrate absolute cavity mode frequencies with respect to Rydberg transitions and determine the cavity long-term drift of ~1 Hz/s.;We have demonstrated trapping of single Cs atoms in optical tweezers and developed a high-resolution imaging system capable of sub-µm spatial resolution in the atom plane. Coherent control of atomic qubits has been achieved via fast rotations between long-lived hyperfine ground states as well as coherent Rydberg excitations towards the states 50S1/2, 69S1/2 and 81D5/2. The experiment allows us to control the atoms electric field environment and minimise stray electric fields with ~1 mV/cm sensitivity, in order to keep long ground-Rydberg coherence times.;We have observed Rydberg blockade between two atoms separated by 6 µm for both states 69S1/2 and 81D5/2, showing an almost complete suppression of the doubly excited state probability. The creation of an entangled state is deduced from the √2 collective-enhancement of the Rabi oscillations with respect to the single atom case. Our ability to perform double-atom experiment offers the opportunity to implement a proof of a principle of a cNOT mesoscopic gate based on EIT, using the Rydberg state 81D5/2 for high-fidelity operations."]},{"key":"dc:description.abstract","label":"Abstract","values":["This thesis presents the development of a new experimental apparatus for neutral atom quantum computing with Rydberg atoms. We describe the construction and characterisation of three continuous wave lasers stabilised simultaneously on a ultrahigh finesse Ultra-low-expansion (ULE) cavity, providing long-term stability and sub-kHz linewidth lasers with a tunable offset-lock frequency as required for high fidelity quantum operations. High-resolution spectroscopy on a cloud of cold Cs atoms was achieved using electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT), in order to calibrate absolute cavity mode frequencies with respect to Rydberg transitions and determine the cavity long-term drift of ~1 Hz/s.;We have demonstrated trapping of single Cs atoms in optical tweezers and developed a high-resolution imaging system capable of sub-µm spatial resolution in the atom plane. Coherent control of atomic qubits has been achieved via fast rotations between long-lived hyperfine ground states as well as coherent Rydberg excitations towards the states 50S1/2, 69S1/2 and 81D5/2. The experiment allows us to control the atoms electric field environment and minimise stray electric fields with ~1 mV/cm sensitivity, in order to keep long ground-Rydberg coherence times.;We have observed Rydberg blockade between two atoms separated by 6 µm for both states 69S1/2 and 81D5/2, showing an almost complete suppression of the doubly excited state probability. The creation of an entangled state is deduced from the √2 collective-enhancement of the Rabi oscillations with respect to the single atom case. Our ability to perform double-atom experiment offers the opportunity to implement a proof of a principle of a cNOT mesoscopic gate based on EIT, using the Rydberg state 81D5/2 for high-fidelity operations."]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["Coherent control of Rydberg atoms using sub-kHz linewidth excitation lasers"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor.advisor":["Pritchard, Jonathan"],"dc:creator":["Legaie, Rémy"],"dc:creator.authoridentifier":["201585945"],"dc:date":["2020"],"dc:date.issued":["2020"],"dc:description":["This thesis presents the development of a new experimental apparatus for neutral atom quantum computing with Rydberg atoms. We describe the construction and characterisation of three continuous wave lasers stabilised simultaneously on a ultrahigh finesse Ultra-low-expansion (ULE) cavity, providing long-term stability and sub-kHz linewidth lasers with a tunable offset-lock frequency as required for high fidelity quantum operations. High-resolution spectroscopy on a cloud of cold Cs atoms was achieved using electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT), in order to calibrate absolute cavity mode frequencies with respect to Rydberg transitions and determine the cavity long-term drift of ~1 Hz/s.;We have demonstrated trapping of single Cs atoms in optical tweezers and developed a high-resolution imaging system capable of sub-µm spatial resolution in the atom plane. Coherent control of atomic qubits has been achieved via fast rotations between long-lived hyperfine ground states as well as coherent Rydberg excitations towards the states 50S1/2, 69S1/2 and 81D5/2. The experiment allows us to control the atoms electric field environment and minimise stray electric fields with ~1 mV/cm sensitivity, in order to keep long ground-Rydberg coherence times.;We have observed Rydberg blockade between two atoms separated by 6 µm for both states 69S1/2 and 81D5/2, showing an almost complete suppression of the doubly excited state probability. The creation of an entangled state is deduced from the √2 collective-enhancement of the Rabi oscillations with respect to the single atom case. Our ability to perform double-atom experiment offers the opportunity to implement a proof of a principle of a cNOT mesoscopic gate based on EIT, using the Rydberg state 81D5/2 for high-fidelity operations."],"dc:description.abstract":["This thesis presents the development of a new experimental apparatus for neutral atom quantum computing with Rydberg atoms. We describe the construction and characterisation of three continuous wave lasers stabilised simultaneously on a ultrahigh finesse Ultra-low-expansion (ULE) cavity, providing long-term stability and sub-kHz linewidth lasers with a tunable offset-lock frequency as required for high fidelity quantum operations. High-resolution spectroscopy on a cloud of cold Cs atoms was achieved using electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT), in order to calibrate absolute cavity mode frequencies with respect to Rydberg transitions and determine the cavity long-term drift of ~1 Hz/s.;We have demonstrated trapping of single Cs atoms in optical tweezers and developed a high-resolution imaging system capable of sub-µm spatial resolution in the atom plane. Coherent control of atomic qubits has been achieved via fast rotations between long-lived hyperfine ground states as well as coherent Rydberg excitations towards the states 50S1/2, 69S1/2 and 81D5/2. The experiment allows us to control the atoms electric field environment and minimise stray electric fields with ~1 mV/cm sensitivity, in order to keep long ground-Rydberg coherence times.;We have observed Rydberg blockade between two atoms separated by 6 µm for both states 69S1/2 and 81D5/2, showing an almost complete suppression of the doubly excited state probability. The creation of an entangled state is deduced from the √2 collective-enhancement of the Rabi oscillations with respect to the single atom case. Our ability to perform double-atom experiment offers the opportunity to implement a proof of a principle of a cNOT mesoscopic gate based on EIT, using the Rydberg state 81D5/2 for high-fidelity operations."],"dc:identifier":["T15587"],"dc:identifier.doi":["10.48730/j51x-be97"],"dc:identifier.uri":["https://stax.strath.ac.uk/concern/theses/mk61rg92z"],"dc:publisher.department":["Department of Physics","Experimental Quantum Optics and Photonics Group"],"dc:publisher.institution":["University of Strathclyde","Scottish Universities Physics Alliance"],"dc:title":["Coherent control of Rydberg atoms using sub-kHz linewidth excitation lasers"],"dc:type.qualificationlevel":["doctoral-pg"],"dc:type.qualificationname":["phd"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-24T04:40:46Z"}