This thesis describes two methods investigated for their uses as tools for in-situ spectroscopy. As knowledge in the Chemical Sciences as well as technology progress, scientific questions are encountered that require analyses to be performed in-situ due to concerns that sampling and sample preparation may not provide the most accurate information. The two methods described herein will be an in-situ gas sensor using Raman Spectroscopy and considerations for a laser-induced breakdown spectroscopic method geared towards in-situ analysis of hydrothermal vents.
Chapter 1 will describe a novel, yet simple gas sensor that utilizes a fiber-optic Raman sensor coupled to a simplified multi-pass capillary cell (MCC). Improvements in the cleaning methods of the capillary tubes used to create the MCCs have resulted in higher quality silver coatings. Coupled with a filtered 24@1 fiber optical probe has resulted in detection limits for CO2, O2, n-butane, CH4 and H2 that are comparable to those in the literature using more complicated systems.
Chapter 2 will focus on optical considerations for dual-pulse laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy analysis of bulk solutions using a collinear optical geometry. Shadowgraphic imaging was used to observe the vapor bubbles that resulted from the laser-induced plasma formed by an achromatic doublet that reduces spherical aberrations compared to two conventionally used spherical optics, a bi- and plano-convex lens. The achromatic doublet produced larger, longer-lived and more reproducible bubbles. The higher power density resulted in a higher frequency of laser pulses resulting in bubbles.
","abstract_html":"<p>This thesis describes two methods investigated for their uses as tools for in-situ spectroscopy. As knowledge in the Chemical Sciences as well as technology progress, scientific questions are encountered that require analyses to be performed in-situ due to concerns that sampling and sample preparation may not provide the most accurate information. The two methods described herein will be an in-situ gas sensor using Raman Spectroscopy and considerations for a laser-induced breakdown spectroscopic method geared towards in-situ analysis of hydrothermal vents. </p> <p> Chapter 1 will describe a novel, yet simple gas sensor that utilizes a fiber-optic Raman sensor coupled to a simplified multi-pass capillary cell (MCC). Improvements in the cleaning methods of the capillary tubes used to create the MCCs have resulted in higher quality silver coatings. Coupled with a filtered 24@1 fiber optical probe has resulted in detection limits for CO2, O2, n-butane, CH4 and H2 that are comparable to those in the literature using more complicated systems. </p> <p> Chapter 2 will focus on optical considerations for dual-pulse laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy analysis of bulk solutions using a collinear optical geometry. Shadowgraphic imaging was used to observe the vapor bubbles that resulted from the laser-induced plasma formed by an achromatic doublet that reduces spherical aberrations compared to two conventionally used spherical optics, a bi- and plano-convex lens. The achromatic doublet produced larger, longer-lived and more reproducible bubbles. The higher power density resulted in a higher frequency of laser pulses resulting in bubbles.</p>","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Gordon, Christopher Michael"],"institution":null,"degree_name":"M.S.","degree_level":"Campus Access Thesis","degree_discipline":"Chemistry and Biochemistry","degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":["S. Michael Angel"],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2011,"date_issued":"2011-01-01T08:00:00Z","date_published":"2011-01-01T08:00:00Z","updated_at":"2026-07-24T04:37:28Z","subjects":["Chemistry","Physical Sciences and Mathematics","In-Situ","Laser","Plasma","Remote","Sensor","Spectroscopy"],"languages":[],"rights":["© 2011, Christopher Michael Gordon"],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":"https://scholarcommons.sc.edu/etd/686","outbound_label":"Repository record","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor","label":"Contributor","values":["S. Michael Angel"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Gordon, Christopher Michael"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Chemistry and Biochemistry"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["Campus Access Thesis"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["M.S."]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["Chemistry","Physical Sciences and Mathematics","In-Situ","Laser","Plasma","Remote","Sensor","Spectroscopy"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:rights","label":"Dc Rights","values":["© 2011, Christopher Michael Gordon"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["https://scholarcommons.sc.edu/etd/686"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description.abstract","label":"Abstract","values":["This thesis describes two methods investigated for their uses as tools for in-situ spectroscopy. As knowledge in the Chemical Sciences as well as technology progress, scientific questions are encountered that require analyses to be performed in-situ due to concerns that sampling and sample preparation may not provide the most accurate information. The two methods described herein will be an in-situ gas sensor using Raman Spectroscopy and considerations for a laser-induced breakdown spectroscopic method geared towards in-situ analysis of hydrothermal vents.
Chapter 1 will describe a novel, yet simple gas sensor that utilizes a fiber-optic Raman sensor coupled to a simplified multi-pass capillary cell (MCC). Improvements in the cleaning methods of the capillary tubes used to create the MCCs have resulted in higher quality silver coatings. Coupled with a filtered 24@1 fiber optical probe has resulted in detection limits for CO2, O2, n-butane, CH4 and H2 that are comparable to those in the literature using more complicated systems.
Chapter 2 will focus on optical considerations for dual-pulse laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy analysis of bulk solutions using a collinear optical geometry. Shadowgraphic imaging was used to observe the vapor bubbles that resulted from the laser-induced plasma formed by an achromatic doublet that reduces spherical aberrations compared to two conventionally used spherical optics, a bi- and plano-convex lens. The achromatic doublet produced larger, longer-lived and more reproducible bubbles. The higher power density resulted in a higher frequency of laser pulses resulting in bubbles.
"]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["In-Situ Spectrocopy: Gas Mixture Analysis Using A Simplified Multi-Pass Capillary Cell and Optical Considerations In Dual-Pulse Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy Analysis of Bulk Aqueous Solutions"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor":["S. Michael Angel"],"dc:creator":["Gordon, Christopher Michael"],"dc:description.abstract":["This thesis describes two methods investigated for their uses as tools for in-situ spectroscopy. As knowledge in the Chemical Sciences as well as technology progress, scientific questions are encountered that require analyses to be performed in-situ due to concerns that sampling and sample preparation may not provide the most accurate information. The two methods described herein will be an in-situ gas sensor using Raman Spectroscopy and considerations for a laser-induced breakdown spectroscopic method geared towards in-situ analysis of hydrothermal vents.
Chapter 1 will describe a novel, yet simple gas sensor that utilizes a fiber-optic Raman sensor coupled to a simplified multi-pass capillary cell (MCC). Improvements in the cleaning methods of the capillary tubes used to create the MCCs have resulted in higher quality silver coatings. Coupled with a filtered 24@1 fiber optical probe has resulted in detection limits for CO2, O2, n-butane, CH4 and H2 that are comparable to those in the literature using more complicated systems.
Chapter 2 will focus on optical considerations for dual-pulse laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy analysis of bulk solutions using a collinear optical geometry. Shadowgraphic imaging was used to observe the vapor bubbles that resulted from the laser-induced plasma formed by an achromatic doublet that reduces spherical aberrations compared to two conventionally used spherical optics, a bi- and plano-convex lens. The achromatic doublet produced larger, longer-lived and more reproducible bubbles. The higher power density resulted in a higher frequency of laser pulses resulting in bubbles.
"],"dc:identifier":["https://scholarcommons.sc.edu/etd/686"],"dc:rights":["© 2011, Christopher Michael Gordon"],"dc:subject":["Chemistry","Physical Sciences and Mathematics","In-Situ","Laser","Plasma","Remote","Sensor","Spectroscopy"],"dc:title":["In-Situ Spectrocopy: Gas Mixture Analysis Using A Simplified Multi-Pass Capillary Cell and Optical Considerations In Dual-Pulse Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy Analysis of Bulk Aqueous Solutions"],"thesis:degree_discipline":["Chemistry and Biochemistry"],"thesis:degree_level":["Campus Access Thesis"],"thesis:degree_name":["M.S."]},"updated_at":"2026-07-24T04:37:28Z"}