There are many studies that have looked at the association between traffic-related air pollutants and health outcomes. However, there are very few studies that have examined the effect of traffic-related air pollutants on the risk of breast cancer. This study included data from the South Carolina Central Cancer Registry (SCCCR) and United States Census in order to conduct an ecological cross sectional study of exposure to traffic-related air pollutants (measured by residential distance to roads and street density) in relation to breast cancer risk among 10,028 subjects. Subjects were taken from 2000-2006 and were residents of SC. We also conducted an individual level study of traffic pollution exposure and the risk of advanced stage and histological grade at breast cancer diagnosis. Negative binomial regression was used for the ecological analysis and both logistic and multinomial models were used for the individual level study. The results from the ecological study showed that AA women with a high street density are at an increased risk of breast cancer in comparison to European-American women. In the individual level study there was an association between advanced stage and grade at breast cancer diagnosis and street density. AA women with a high street density were less likely to have advanced grade breast cancer at diagnosis than EA women. Women who reside between 50 and 99 meters from a heavily travelled road were more likely to have distant stage breast cancer at diagnosis. Women with a high street density had a higher risk of distant stage breast cancer at diagnosis.
","abstract_html":"<p>There are many studies that have looked at the association between traffic-related air pollutants and health outcomes. However, there are very few studies that have examined the effect of traffic-related air pollutants on the risk of breast cancer. This study included data from the South Carolina Central Cancer Registry (SCCCR) and United States Census in order to conduct an ecological cross sectional study of exposure to traffic-related air pollutants (measured by residential distance to roads and street density) in relation to breast cancer risk among 10,028 subjects. Subjects were taken from 2000-2006 and were residents of SC. We also conducted an individual level study of traffic pollution exposure and the risk of advanced stage and histological grade at breast cancer diagnosis. Negative binomial regression was used for the ecological analysis and both logistic and multinomial models were used for the individual level study. The results from the ecological study showed that AA women with a high street density are at an increased risk of breast cancer in comparison to European-American women. In the individual level study there was an association between advanced stage and grade at breast cancer diagnosis and street density. AA women with a high street density were less likely to have advanced grade breast cancer at diagnosis than EA women. Women who reside between 50 and 99 meters from a heavily travelled road were more likely to have distant stage breast cancer at diagnosis. Women with a high street density had a higher risk of distant stage breast cancer at diagnosis.</p>","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Nehls Bogenschneider, Shana Lynn"],"institution":null,"degree_name":"M.S.P.H.","degree_level":"Campus Access Thesis","degree_discipline":"Epidemiology and Biostatistics","degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":["Robin Puett"],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2010,"date_issued":"2010-01-01T08:00:00Z","date_published":"2010-01-01T08:00:00Z","updated_at":"2026-07-24T04:36:50Z","subjects":["Epidemiology","Medicine and Health Sciences","Public Health","breast cancer","distance to roads","GIS","traffic-related air pollutants"],"languages":[],"rights":["© 2010, Shana Lynn Nehls Bogenschneider"],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":"https://scholarcommons.sc.edu/etd/380","outbound_label":"Repository record","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor","label":"Contributor","values":["Robin Puett"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Nehls Bogenschneider, Shana Lynn"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Epidemiology and Biostatistics"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["Campus Access Thesis"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["M.S.P.H."]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["Epidemiology","Medicine and Health Sciences","Public Health","breast cancer","distance to roads","GIS","traffic-related air pollutants"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:rights","label":"Dc Rights","values":["© 2010, Shana Lynn Nehls Bogenschneider"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["https://scholarcommons.sc.edu/etd/380"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description.abstract","label":"Abstract","values":["There are many studies that have looked at the association between traffic-related air pollutants and health outcomes. However, there are very few studies that have examined the effect of traffic-related air pollutants on the risk of breast cancer. This study included data from the South Carolina Central Cancer Registry (SCCCR) and United States Census in order to conduct an ecological cross sectional study of exposure to traffic-related air pollutants (measured by residential distance to roads and street density) in relation to breast cancer risk among 10,028 subjects. Subjects were taken from 2000-2006 and were residents of SC. We also conducted an individual level study of traffic pollution exposure and the risk of advanced stage and histological grade at breast cancer diagnosis. Negative binomial regression was used for the ecological analysis and both logistic and multinomial models were used for the individual level study. The results from the ecological study showed that AA women with a high street density are at an increased risk of breast cancer in comparison to European-American women. In the individual level study there was an association between advanced stage and grade at breast cancer diagnosis and street density. AA women with a high street density were less likely to have advanced grade breast cancer at diagnosis than EA women. Women who reside between 50 and 99 meters from a heavily travelled road were more likely to have distant stage breast cancer at diagnosis. Women with a high street density had a higher risk of distant stage breast cancer at diagnosis.
"]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["The Relationship of Exposure to Traffic-Related Air Pollution With Breast Cancer Incidence, Stage, and Histological Grade In South Carolina Women"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor":["Robin Puett"],"dc:creator":["Nehls Bogenschneider, Shana Lynn"],"dc:description.abstract":["There are many studies that have looked at the association between traffic-related air pollutants and health outcomes. However, there are very few studies that have examined the effect of traffic-related air pollutants on the risk of breast cancer. This study included data from the South Carolina Central Cancer Registry (SCCCR) and United States Census in order to conduct an ecological cross sectional study of exposure to traffic-related air pollutants (measured by residential distance to roads and street density) in relation to breast cancer risk among 10,028 subjects. Subjects were taken from 2000-2006 and were residents of SC. We also conducted an individual level study of traffic pollution exposure and the risk of advanced stage and histological grade at breast cancer diagnosis. Negative binomial regression was used for the ecological analysis and both logistic and multinomial models were used for the individual level study. The results from the ecological study showed that AA women with a high street density are at an increased risk of breast cancer in comparison to European-American women. In the individual level study there was an association between advanced stage and grade at breast cancer diagnosis and street density. AA women with a high street density were less likely to have advanced grade breast cancer at diagnosis than EA women. Women who reside between 50 and 99 meters from a heavily travelled road were more likely to have distant stage breast cancer at diagnosis. Women with a high street density had a higher risk of distant stage breast cancer at diagnosis.
"],"dc:identifier":["https://scholarcommons.sc.edu/etd/380"],"dc:rights":["© 2010, Shana Lynn Nehls Bogenschneider"],"dc:subject":["Epidemiology","Medicine and Health Sciences","Public Health","breast cancer","distance to roads","GIS","traffic-related air pollutants"],"dc:title":["The Relationship of Exposure to Traffic-Related Air Pollution With Breast Cancer Incidence, Stage, and Histological Grade In South Carolina Women"],"thesis:degree_discipline":["Epidemiology and Biostatistics"],"thesis:degree_level":["Campus Access Thesis"],"thesis:degree_name":["M.S.P.H."]},"updated_at":"2026-07-24T04:36:50Z"}