In this study, I evaluated the germination rates of twenty native plant species and their response to cold stratification as well as four chemical solution treatments—water (control), gibberellic acid, smoke water, and gibberellic acid with smoke water. Seeds were evaluated and counted twice a week. Of the twenty evaluated species, sixteen had germination rates over 3% or 1 seed out of 30. Stratification increased germination by 54% when compared to the control. For chemical treatments, gibberellic acid and gibberellic acid with smoke water were significantly different from the control and increased germination by an average of 47% and 48%, respectively. Six species showed a response to chemical treatment and stratification. Four species showed a response to chemical treatments only, and four species showed a response to stratification only. No growth defects were discovered upon further evaluation after sowing the seed. This study suggested that the combination of stratification with smoke water and/or gibberellic acid has a significant effect on the seed germination yield of some native perennials.
","abstract_html":"<p>In this study, I evaluated the germination rates of twenty native plant species and their response to cold stratification as well as four chemical solution treatments—water (control), gibberellic acid, smoke water, and gibberellic acid with smoke water. Seeds were evaluated and counted twice a week. Of the twenty evaluated species, sixteen had germination rates over 3% or 1 seed out of 30. Stratification increased germination by 54% when compared to the control. For chemical treatments, gibberellic acid and gibberellic acid with smoke water were significantly different from the control and increased germination by an average of 47% and 48%, respectively. Six species<em> </em>showed a response to chemical treatment and stratification. Four species<em> </em>showed a response to chemical treatments only, and four species<em> </em>showed a response to stratification only. No growth defects were discovered upon further evaluation after sowing the seed. This study suggested that the combination of stratification with smoke water and/or gibberellic acid has a significant effect on the seed germination yield of some native perennials.</p>","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Tippins, Zyreasha"],"institution":null,"degree_name":"Master of Science - Agriculture","degree_level":"Thesis","degree_discipline":"Agriculture","degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":["Dr. Jared Barnes","Dr. Michael Maurer","Dr. Stephanie Jones"],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2021,"date_issued":"2021-08-20T07:00:00Z","date_published":"2021-08-20T07:00:00Z","updated_at":"2026-07-24T04:30:37Z","subjects":["smoke water","prairie forbs","gibberellins","stratification","perennials","Agricultural Science","Agronomy and Crop Sciences","Horticulture","Other Plant Sciences"],"languages":[],"rights":[],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":"https://scholarworks.sfasu.edu/etds/401","outbound_label":"Repository record","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor","label":"Contributor","values":["Dr. Jared Barnes","Dr. Michael Maurer","Dr. Stephanie Jones"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Tippins, Zyreasha"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date.available","label":"Dc Date Available","values":["2021-08-12T07:00:00Z"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Agriculture"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["Thesis"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["Master of Science - Agriculture"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["smoke water","prairie forbs","gibberellins","stratification","perennials","Agricultural Science","Agronomy and Crop Sciences","Horticulture","Other Plant Sciences"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["https://scholarworks.sfasu.edu/etds/401"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description.abstract","label":"Abstract","values":["In this study, I evaluated the germination rates of twenty native plant species and their response to cold stratification as well as four chemical solution treatments—water (control), gibberellic acid, smoke water, and gibberellic acid with smoke water. Seeds were evaluated and counted twice a week. Of the twenty evaluated species, sixteen had germination rates over 3% or 1 seed out of 30. Stratification increased germination by 54% when compared to the control. For chemical treatments, gibberellic acid and gibberellic acid with smoke water were significantly different from the control and increased germination by an average of 47% and 48%, respectively. Six species showed a response to chemical treatment and stratification. Four species showed a response to chemical treatments only, and four species showed a response to stratification only. No growth defects were discovered upon further evaluation after sowing the seed. This study suggested that the combination of stratification with smoke water and/or gibberellic acid has a significant effect on the seed germination yield of some native perennials.
"]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["The Effects of Gibberellic Acid, Smoke Water, and Cold Stratification on the Germination of Native Perennial Seed"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor":["Dr. Jared Barnes","Dr. Michael Maurer","Dr. Stephanie Jones"],"dc:creator":["Tippins, Zyreasha"],"dc:date.available":["2021-08-12T07:00:00Z"],"dc:description.abstract":["In this study, I evaluated the germination rates of twenty native plant species and their response to cold stratification as well as four chemical solution treatments—water (control), gibberellic acid, smoke water, and gibberellic acid with smoke water. Seeds were evaluated and counted twice a week. Of the twenty evaluated species, sixteen had germination rates over 3% or 1 seed out of 30. Stratification increased germination by 54% when compared to the control. For chemical treatments, gibberellic acid and gibberellic acid with smoke water were significantly different from the control and increased germination by an average of 47% and 48%, respectively. Six species showed a response to chemical treatment and stratification. Four species showed a response to chemical treatments only, and four species showed a response to stratification only. No growth defects were discovered upon further evaluation after sowing the seed. This study suggested that the combination of stratification with smoke water and/or gibberellic acid has a significant effect on the seed germination yield of some native perennials.
"],"dc:identifier":["https://scholarworks.sfasu.edu/etds/401"],"dc:subject":["smoke water","prairie forbs","gibberellins","stratification","perennials","Agricultural Science","Agronomy and Crop Sciences","Horticulture","Other Plant Sciences"],"dc:title":["The Effects of Gibberellic Acid, Smoke Water, and Cold Stratification on the Germination of Native Perennial Seed"],"thesis:degree_discipline":["Agriculture"],"thesis:degree_level":["Thesis"],"thesis:degree_name":["Master of Science - Agriculture"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-24T04:30:37Z"}