{"id":{"repo_id":"sdstate","oai_identifier":"oai:openprairie.sdstate.edu:etd-2406"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/sdstate/oai:openprairie.sdstate.edu:etd-2406","repository":{"repo_id":"sdstate","name":"South Dakota State University","base_url":"https://openprairie.sdstate.edu/do/oai/"},"display":{"title":"Bilateral U.S. Ethanol Trade with Canada and Brazil","abstract":"<p>Global demand for fuel ethanol has increased significantly over the last decade. The U.S. was a net importer of ethanol until 2009. However, the U.S. has emerged as a net exporter since then. Accordingly, it is important to analyze the bilateral ethanol trade between U.S. and its major export destinations (Canada and Brazil). Main objective of this study is to identify factors influencing the bilateral U.S. ethanol trade with Canada, and Brazil as well as analyzing the impacts of these factors on U.S. ethanol trade with Canada, and Brazil. A system of simultaneous equations consisting of U.S. net export of ethanol to Canada, and Brazil are estimated. Using quarterly time series data for 2001- 2012 time periods, U.S. net ethanol export model was estimated with three-stage least squares (3SLS). The results suggest that U.S. net exports of ethanol to Canada, and Brazil are mainly driven by ethanol mandates rather than world crude price. U.S. net export of ethanol to Canada was impacted significantly by Canadian GDP and insignificantly by U.S. ethanol price. In contrast, the impact of Brazilian GDP on U.S. net ethanol export to Brazil was insignificant and that of relative price of ethanol was significant. Ethanol related policy variables including Canadian participation in Kyoto protocol, Canadian federal ethanol producer and consumer incentive, and world sugar prices were found not to have any statistically impact on U.S. net ethanol exports to Canada, and Brazil.</p>","abstract_html":"&lt;p&gt;Global demand for fuel ethanol has increased significantly over the last decade. The U.S. was a net importer of ethanol until 2009. However, the U.S. has emerged as a net exporter since then. Accordingly, it is important to analyze the bilateral ethanol trade between U.S. and its major export destinations (Canada and Brazil). Main objective of this study is to identify factors influencing the bilateral U.S. ethanol trade with Canada, and Brazil as well as analyzing the impacts of these factors on U.S. ethanol trade with Canada, and Brazil. A system of simultaneous equations consisting of U.S. net export of ethanol to Canada, and Brazil are estimated. Using quarterly time series data for 2001- 2012 time periods, U.S. net ethanol export model was estimated with three-stage least squares (3SLS). The results suggest that U.S. net exports of ethanol to Canada, and Brazil are mainly driven by ethanol mandates rather than world crude price. U.S. net export of ethanol to Canada was impacted significantly by Canadian GDP and insignificantly by U.S. ethanol price. In contrast, the impact of Brazilian GDP on U.S. net ethanol export to Brazil was insignificant and that of relative price of ethanol was significant. Ethanol related policy variables including Canadian participation in Kyoto protocol, Canadian federal ethanol producer and consumer incentive, and world sugar prices were found not to have any statistically impact on U.S. net ethanol exports to Canada, and Brazil.&lt;/p&gt;","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Egyir, Humphrey"],"institution":null,"degree_name":"Master of Science (MS)","degree_level":"Thesis - University Access Only","degree_discipline":"Economics","degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":["Bashir A. Qasmi"],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2013,"date_issued":"2013-01-01T08:00:00Z","date_published":"2013-01-01T08:00:00Z","updated_at":"2026-07-24T04:29:08Z","subjects":["Economics"],"languages":["en"],"rights":["<p>In Copyright - Educational Use Permitted<br /><a href=\"http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC-EDU/1.0/\">http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC-EDU/1.0/</a></p>"],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":"https://openprairie.sdstate.edu/etd/1407","outbound_label":"Repository record","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor","label":"Contributor","values":["Bashir A. 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The U.S. was a net importer of ethanol until 2009. However, the U.S. has emerged as a net exporter since then. Accordingly, it is important to analyze the bilateral ethanol trade between U.S. and its major export destinations (Canada and Brazil). Main objective of this study is to identify factors influencing the bilateral U.S. ethanol trade with Canada, and Brazil as well as analyzing the impacts of these factors on U.S. ethanol trade with Canada, and Brazil. A system of simultaneous equations consisting of U.S. net export of ethanol to Canada, and Brazil are estimated. Using quarterly time series data for 2001- 2012 time periods, U.S. net ethanol export model was estimated with three-stage least squares (3SLS). The results suggest that U.S. net exports of ethanol to Canada, and Brazil are mainly driven by ethanol mandates rather than world crude price. U.S. net export of ethanol to Canada was impacted significantly by Canadian GDP and insignificantly by U.S. ethanol price. In contrast, the impact of Brazilian GDP on U.S. net ethanol export to Brazil was insignificant and that of relative price of ethanol was significant. Ethanol related policy variables including Canadian participation in Kyoto protocol, Canadian federal ethanol producer and consumer incentive, and world sugar prices were found not to have any statistically impact on U.S. net ethanol exports to Canada, and Brazil.</p>"]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["Bilateral U.S. Ethanol Trade with Canada and Brazil"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor":["Bashir A. Qasmi"],"dc:creator":["Egyir, Humphrey"],"dc:date.available":["2017-08-01T07:00:00Z"],"dc:description.abstract":["<p>Global demand for fuel ethanol has increased significantly over the last decade. The U.S. was a net importer of ethanol until 2009. However, the U.S. has emerged as a net exporter since then. Accordingly, it is important to analyze the bilateral ethanol trade between U.S. and its major export destinations (Canada and Brazil). Main objective of this study is to identify factors influencing the bilateral U.S. ethanol trade with Canada, and Brazil as well as analyzing the impacts of these factors on U.S. ethanol trade with Canada, and Brazil. A system of simultaneous equations consisting of U.S. net export of ethanol to Canada, and Brazil are estimated. Using quarterly time series data for 2001- 2012 time periods, U.S. net ethanol export model was estimated with three-stage least squares (3SLS). The results suggest that U.S. net exports of ethanol to Canada, and Brazil are mainly driven by ethanol mandates rather than world crude price. U.S. net export of ethanol to Canada was impacted significantly by Canadian GDP and insignificantly by U.S. ethanol price. In contrast, the impact of Brazilian GDP on U.S. net ethanol export to Brazil was insignificant and that of relative price of ethanol was significant. Ethanol related policy variables including Canadian participation in Kyoto protocol, Canadian federal ethanol producer and consumer incentive, and world sugar prices were found not to have any statistically impact on U.S. net ethanol exports to Canada, and Brazil.</p>"],"dc:identifier":["https://openprairie.sdstate.edu/etd/1407"],"dc:language":["en"],"dc:rights":["<p>In Copyright - Educational Use Permitted<br /><a href=\"http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC-EDU/1.0/\">http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC-EDU/1.0/</a></p>"],"dc:subject":["Economics"],"dc:title":["Bilateral U.S. Ethanol Trade with Canada and Brazil"],"thesis:degree_discipline":["Economics"],"thesis:degree_level":["Thesis - University Access Only"],"thesis:degree_name":["Master of Science (MS)"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-24T04:29:08Z"}