{"id":{"repo_id":"sdstate","oai_identifier":"oai:openprairie.sdstate.edu:etd-2313"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/sdstate/oai:openprairie.sdstate.edu:etd-2313","repository":{"repo_id":"sdstate","name":"South Dakota State University","base_url":"https://openprairie.sdstate.edu/do/oai/"},"display":{"title":"The Use of Whole-Rolled Sunflower Seeds with or without Additional Limestone in Lactating Dairy Cattle Rations","abstract":"<p>Thirty Holstein cows were utilized in a lactation trial evaluating diets containing whole-rolled sunflower seeds. Cows were randomly assigned to treatments, grouped according to previous milk production and lactation number. The cows were fed one of three diets: 1) the control was a com-soybean meal mix (CSM), 2) com-soybean meal mix plus 22% whole-rolled sunflower seeds, and 3) a corn-soybean meal mix with 22% whole-rolled sunflower seeds with an additional 3.5% limestone over SCS (SCL). Additional limestone was added in an attempt to form fatty acid insoluble soaps. Rations were formulated to be isonitrogenous at 16% crude protein, fed as a complete mixed ration, and were fed ad libitum. Diets were formulated to contain 45% corn silage, 10% alfalfa hay, and 45% of the respective concentrate mix. Cows were fed the rations from 21 days postpartum and continued for 120 days. Milk production (32.2, 32.0, and 32.8 kg/day for CSM, SCS, and SCL, respectively) was similar for all three diets. However, 4% fat-corrected milk (30.2, 28.1, and 30.2 kg/day) was lower when fed SCS because of lower milk fat percentages (3.57, 3.19, and 3.51%). Milk protein (3.01, 2.97, and 2.90%) and total solids (11.99, 11.65, and 11.87%) were similar when fed all three diets. Dry matter intakes were 21.0, 18.4, and 20.0 kg/day for CSM, SCS, and SCL, respectively. No differences were observed in volatile fatty acids (molar %, concentration) and pH among the three treatments. Serum cholesterol values were higher for treatments containing 22% whole-rolled sunflower seeds, 166.0, 223.0, and 255.0 mg/dl for the respective diets.</p>","abstract_html":"&lt;p&gt;Thirty Holstein cows were utilized in a lactation trial evaluating diets containing whole-rolled sunflower seeds. Cows were randomly assigned to treatments, grouped according to previous milk production and lactation number. The cows were fed one of three diets: 1) the control was a com-soybean meal mix (CSM), 2) com-soybean meal mix plus 22% whole-rolled sunflower seeds, and 3) a corn-soybean meal mix with 22% whole-rolled sunflower seeds with an additional 3.5% limestone over SCS (SCL). Additional limestone was added in an attempt to form fatty acid insoluble soaps. Rations were formulated to be isonitrogenous at 16% crude protein, fed as a complete mixed ration, and were fed ad libitum. Diets were formulated to contain 45% corn silage, 10% alfalfa hay, and 45% of the respective concentrate mix. Cows were fed the rations from 21 days postpartum and continued for 120 days. Milk production (32.2, 32.0, and 32.8 kg/day for CSM, SCS, and SCL, respectively) was similar for all three diets. However, 4% fat-corrected milk (30.2, 28.1, and 30.2 kg/day) was lower when fed SCS because of lower milk fat percentages (3.57, 3.19, and 3.51%). Milk protein (3.01, 2.97, and 2.90%) and total solids (11.99, 11.65, and 11.87%) were similar when fed all three diets. Dry matter intakes were 21.0, 18.4, and 20.0 kg/day for CSM, SCS, and SCL, respectively. No differences were observed in volatile fatty acids (molar %, concentration) and pH among the three treatments. Serum cholesterol values were higher for treatments containing 22% whole-rolled sunflower seeds, 166.0, 223.0, and 255.0 mg/dl for the respective diets.&lt;/p&gt;","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Finn, Anne M."],"institution":null,"degree_name":"Master of Science (MS)","degree_level":"Thesis - Open Access","degree_discipline":"Dairy Science","degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":["David J. Schingoethe"],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":1983,"date_issued":"1983-01-01T08:00:00Z","date_published":"1983-01-01T08:00:00Z","updated_at":"2026-07-24T04:29:00Z","subjects":["Dairy Science"],"languages":["en"],"rights":["<p>In Copyright - Non-Commercial Use Permitted<br /><a href=\"http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC-NC/1.0/\">http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC-NC/1.0/</a></p>"],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":"https://openprairie.sdstate.edu/etd/1312","outbound_label":"Repository record","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor","label":"Contributor","values":["David J. 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Cows were randomly assigned to treatments, grouped according to previous milk production and lactation number. The cows were fed one of three diets: 1) the control was a com-soybean meal mix (CSM), 2) com-soybean meal mix plus 22% whole-rolled sunflower seeds, and 3) a corn-soybean meal mix with 22% whole-rolled sunflower seeds with an additional 3.5% limestone over SCS (SCL). Additional limestone was added in an attempt to form fatty acid insoluble soaps. Rations were formulated to be isonitrogenous at 16% crude protein, fed as a complete mixed ration, and were fed ad libitum. Diets were formulated to contain 45% corn silage, 10% alfalfa hay, and 45% of the respective concentrate mix. Cows were fed the rations from 21 days postpartum and continued for 120 days. Milk production (32.2, 32.0, and 32.8 kg/day for CSM, SCS, and SCL, respectively) was similar for all three diets. However, 4% fat-corrected milk (30.2, 28.1, and 30.2 kg/day) was lower when fed SCS because of lower milk fat percentages (3.57, 3.19, and 3.51%). Milk protein (3.01, 2.97, and 2.90%) and total solids (11.99, 11.65, and 11.87%) were similar when fed all three diets. Dry matter intakes were 21.0, 18.4, and 20.0 kg/day for CSM, SCS, and SCL, respectively. No differences were observed in volatile fatty acids (molar %, concentration) and pH among the three treatments. Serum cholesterol values were higher for treatments containing 22% whole-rolled sunflower seeds, 166.0, 223.0, and 255.0 mg/dl for the respective diets.</p>"]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["The Use of Whole-Rolled Sunflower Seeds with or without Additional Limestone in Lactating Dairy Cattle Rations"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor":["David J. Schingoethe"],"dc:creator":["Finn, Anne M."],"dc:date.available":["2017-07-21T07:00:00Z"],"dc:description.abstract":["<p>Thirty Holstein cows were utilized in a lactation trial evaluating diets containing whole-rolled sunflower seeds. Cows were randomly assigned to treatments, grouped according to previous milk production and lactation number. The cows were fed one of three diets: 1) the control was a com-soybean meal mix (CSM), 2) com-soybean meal mix plus 22% whole-rolled sunflower seeds, and 3) a corn-soybean meal mix with 22% whole-rolled sunflower seeds with an additional 3.5% limestone over SCS (SCL). Additional limestone was added in an attempt to form fatty acid insoluble soaps. Rations were formulated to be isonitrogenous at 16% crude protein, fed as a complete mixed ration, and were fed ad libitum. Diets were formulated to contain 45% corn silage, 10% alfalfa hay, and 45% of the respective concentrate mix. Cows were fed the rations from 21 days postpartum and continued for 120 days. Milk production (32.2, 32.0, and 32.8 kg/day for CSM, SCS, and SCL, respectively) was similar for all three diets. However, 4% fat-corrected milk (30.2, 28.1, and 30.2 kg/day) was lower when fed SCS because of lower milk fat percentages (3.57, 3.19, and 3.51%). Milk protein (3.01, 2.97, and 2.90%) and total solids (11.99, 11.65, and 11.87%) were similar when fed all three diets. Dry matter intakes were 21.0, 18.4, and 20.0 kg/day for CSM, SCS, and SCL, respectively. No differences were observed in volatile fatty acids (molar %, concentration) and pH among the three treatments. Serum cholesterol values were higher for treatments containing 22% whole-rolled sunflower seeds, 166.0, 223.0, and 255.0 mg/dl for the respective diets.</p>"],"dc:identifier":["https://openprairie.sdstate.edu/etd/1312"],"dc:language":["en"],"dc:rights":["<p>In Copyright - Non-Commercial Use Permitted<br /><a href=\"http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC-NC/1.0/\">http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC-NC/1.0/</a></p>"],"dc:subject":["Dairy Science"],"dc:title":["The Use of Whole-Rolled Sunflower Seeds with or without Additional Limestone in Lactating Dairy Cattle Rations"],"thesis:degree_discipline":["Dairy Science"],"thesis:degree_level":["Thesis - Open Access"],"thesis:degree_name":["Master of Science (MS)"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-24T04:29:00Z"}