Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) afflict approximately 60 million Americans and are the leading causes of death in the United States. In 1995, more than 950,000 deaths were attributed to CVD with coronary artery disease comprising 50% of the deaths (American Heart Association, 1997). Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (angioplasty) and coronary stenting (stenting) are common revascularization treatments for coronary artery disease. Advances in cardiovascular technology have resulted in noninvasive treatment strategies in order to decrease symptoms, improve myocardial oxygenation, and improve HRQOL. The problem under investigation in this study is to determine if there is a difference in HRQOL following angioplasty or stenting.
Health-related quality of life (HRQOL) refers to how well a person functions in life compared to what the person perceives to be possible or optimal (Cella & Cherin, 1988; Stewart et al., 1992). Health-related quality of life was measured by the Short Form-36 (SF-36) and the Seattle Angina Questionnaire (SAQ). TheSF-36 consisted of 36 questions measuring general health; the subscales were: physical functioning, role functioning-physical, role functioning-emotional, social functioning, bodily pain, mental health, vitality, and general health perception. The SAQ consisted of 19 questions measuring specific concepts of CAD; the subscales measured were: physical functioning limitations, anginal stability, anginal frequency, treatment satisfaction, and disease perception. Cronbach's alpha for the SF-36 subscales ranged fi-om 0.73 to 0.91; while the Cronbach's alpha of the SAQ subscales ranged from 0.58 to 0.89.
A descriptive, comparative design was used to: (a) describe and determine if there was a difference in HRQOL scores one year after either coronary angioplasty, coronary stenting, or a combination of both procedures; (b) determine the relationships among the subjects' characteristics and HRQOL scores following angioplasty and/or stenting; and (c) determine the relationships among the domains/subscales of the SF-36 and SAQ. Fifty eight people, from two Midwest health care agencies, consented to serve as subjects by returning completed questionnaires.
The findings revealed that the sample was fairly representative for gender, age, racial/ethnic background, educational history, and employment status of the cardiovascular population undergoing angioplasty or stenting. The SF-36 and SAQ subscale (HRQOL) scores one year post angioplasty, stenting, or combination of both procedures were diminished when compared to the general population; but similar to persons with angina and with those persons three and six months post angioplasty. The mean SF-36 and SAQ subscale scores for the subjects in the angioplasty or stenting procedures were not significantly different. After adjusting the mean SF-36 and SAQ scores for the covariate, rated affects of comorbid conditions on HRQOL, women were significantly different than their male counterparts in the subscales of: physical functioning, role functioning affected.
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) afflict approximately 60 million Americans and are the leading causes of death in the United States. In 1995, more than 950,000 deaths were attributed to CVD with coronary artery disease comprising 50% of the deaths (American Heart Association, 1997). Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (angioplasty) and coronary stenting (stenting) are common revascularization treatments for coronary artery disease. Advances in cardiovascular technology have resulted in noninvasive treatment strategies in order to decrease symptoms, improve myocardial oxygenation, and improve HRQOL. The problem under investigation in this study is to determine if there is a difference in HRQOL following angioplasty or stenting.
Health-related quality of life (HRQOL) refers to how well a person functions in life compared to what the person perceives to be possible or optimal (Cella & Cherin, 1988; Stewart et al., 1992). Health-related quality of life was measured by the Short Form-36 (SF-36) and the Seattle Angina Questionnaire (SAQ). TheSF-36 consisted of 36 questions measuring general health; the subscales were: physical functioning, role functioning-physical, role functioning-emotional, social functioning, bodily pain, mental health, vitality, and general health perception. The SAQ consisted of 19 questions measuring specific concepts of CAD; the subscales measured were: physical functioning limitations, anginal stability, anginal frequency, treatment satisfaction, and disease perception. Cronbach's alpha for the SF-36 subscales ranged fi-om 0.73 to 0.91; while the Cronbach's alpha of the SAQ subscales ranged from 0.58 to 0.89.
A descriptive, comparative design was used to: (a) describe and determine if there was a difference in HRQOL scores one year after either coronary angioplasty, coronary stenting, or a combination of both procedures; (b) determine the relationships among the subjects' characteristics and HRQOL scores following angioplasty and/or stenting; and (c) determine the relationships among the domains/subscales of the SF-36 and SAQ. Fifty eight people, from two Midwest health care agencies, consented to serve as subjects by returning completed questionnaires.
The findings revealed that the sample was fairly representative for gender, age, racial/ethnic background, educational history, and employment status of the cardiovascular population undergoing angioplasty or stenting. The SF-36 and SAQ subscale (HRQOL) scores one year post angioplasty, stenting, or combination of both procedures were diminished when compared to the general population; but similar to persons with angina and with those persons three and six months post angioplasty. The mean SF-36 and SAQ subscale scores for the subjects in the angioplasty or stenting procedures were not significantly different. After adjusting the mean SF-36 and SAQ scores for the covariate, rated affects of comorbid conditions on HRQOL, women were significantly different than their male counterparts in the subscales of: physical functioning, role functioning affected.
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) afflict approximately 60 million Americans and are the leading causes of death in the United States. In 1995, more than 950,000 deaths were attributed to CVD with coronary artery disease comprising 50% of the deaths (American Heart Association, 1997). Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (angioplasty) and coronary stenting (stenting) are common revascularization treatments for coronary artery disease. Advances in cardiovascular technology have resulted in noninvasive treatment strategies in order to decrease symptoms, improve myocardial oxygenation, and improve HRQOL. The problem under investigation in this study is to determine if there is a difference in HRQOL following angioplasty or stenting.
Health-related quality of life (HRQOL) refers to how well a person functions in life compared to what the person perceives to be possible or optimal (Cella & Cherin, 1988; Stewart et al., 1992). Health-related quality of life was measured by the Short Form-36 (SF-36) and the Seattle Angina Questionnaire (SAQ). TheSF-36 consisted of 36 questions measuring general health; the subscales were: physical functioning, role functioning-physical, role functioning-emotional, social functioning, bodily pain, mental health, vitality, and general health perception. The SAQ consisted of 19 questions measuring specific concepts of CAD; the subscales measured were: physical functioning limitations, anginal stability, anginal frequency, treatment satisfaction, and disease perception. Cronbach's alpha for the SF-36 subscales ranged fi-om 0.73 to 0.91; while the Cronbach's alpha of the SAQ subscales ranged from 0.58 to 0.89.
A descriptive, comparative design was used to: (a) describe and determine if there was a difference in HRQOL scores one year after either coronary angioplasty, coronary stenting, or a combination of both procedures; (b) determine the relationships among the subjects' characteristics and HRQOL scores following angioplasty and/or stenting; and (c) determine the relationships among the domains/subscales of the SF-36 and SAQ. Fifty eight people, from two Midwest health care agencies, consented to serve as subjects by returning completed questionnaires.
The findings revealed that the sample was fairly representative for gender, age, racial/ethnic background, educational history, and employment status of the cardiovascular population undergoing angioplasty or stenting. The SF-36 and SAQ subscale (HRQOL) scores one year post angioplasty, stenting, or combination of both procedures were diminished when compared to the general population; but similar to persons with angina and with those persons three and six months post angioplasty. The mean SF-36 and SAQ subscale scores for the subjects in the angioplasty or stenting procedures were not significantly different. After adjusting the mean SF-36 and SAQ scores for the covariate, rated affects of comorbid conditions on HRQOL, women were significantly different than their male counterparts in the subscales of: physical functioning, role functioning affected.