{"id":{"repo_id":"sdstate","oai_identifier":"oai:openprairie.sdstate.edu:etd-1506"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/sdstate/oai:openprairie.sdstate.edu:etd-1506","repository":{"repo_id":"sdstate","name":"South Dakota State University","base_url":"https://openprairie.sdstate.edu/do/oai/"},"display":{"title":"Factors Limiting Overwinter Survival of Young-Of-The-Year Largemouth Bass in South Dakota","abstract":"Studies were conducted to examine the effects of total length (TL), prey abundance, and water temperature on approximate body composition, condition index, and overwinter survival of young-of-the-year (YOY) largemouth bass Micropterus salmoides in South Dakota. Growth and condition of YOY largemouth bass stocks from South Dakota and Wisconsin were also compared. Study areas included two South Dakota University impoundments (0.8 hectare each), a gravel pit (7. 3 hectare), and laboratory aquaria. Hatchery reared YOY largemouth bass were graded into short (19-45 mm TL) and long (58-135 mm TL) length groups. Overwinter mortality was 78% and 85% in the two impoundments, and 100% in the gravel pit. Overwinter mortality in all study sites my be related to insufficient energy reserves. Overwinter survival, proximate body composition and condition index were similar between short and long fish and among impoundments. Moisture (P<0. 0001) content of fish in the field study differed over time. The trend was lower from August (85%) through October (76%), with little change overwinter. Lipids (P<0. 007) and relative condition (Kn) (P<0. 0002) also differed over time. The trend in lipids was an increase from August (11%) through September (18%) and a decrease to 12% by March. The decline in lipids was five time greater for fish in the pond having a lower prey abundance than for fish in the pond which did not. Lipids and relative condition (Kn} were strongly correlated (r=0. 9999, df=2, P<0. 001) and were best fit with a curvelinear relationship. In the laboratory study fed fish showed higher lipids (P<0. 0001) and Kn (P<0. 0001), and lower moisture (P<0. 0001} and ash (P<0. 0001) than fasted fish. lipid (P<0. 02), moisture (P<0. 004) and ash (P<0. 01) differed between short and long fish. Fish at 4°C had higher moisture (P<0. 004) and lower lipids (P<0. 01} then fish at 10°c. Length, weight, proximate body composition, relative condition (Kn), Liver Somatic Index (LSI), and Mesenteric Fat Index (MFI) were not different between the Wisconsin and South Dakota stocks of YOY largemouth bass in two South Dakota impoundments.","abstract_html":"Studies were conducted to examine the effects of total length (TL), prey abundance, and water temperature on approximate body composition, condition index, and overwinter survival of young-of-the-year (YOY) largemouth bass Micropterus salmoides in South Dakota. Growth and condition of YOY largemouth bass stocks from South Dakota and Wisconsin were also compared. Study areas included two South Dakota University impoundments (0.8 hectare each), a gravel pit (7. 3 hectare), and laboratory aquaria. Hatchery reared YOY largemouth bass were graded into short (19-45 mm TL) and long (58-135 mm TL) length groups. Overwinter mortality was 78% and 85% in the two impoundments, and 100% in the gravel pit. Overwinter mortality in all study sites my be related to insufficient energy reserves. Overwinter survival, proximate body composition and condition index were similar between short and long fish and among impoundments. Moisture (P&lt;0. 0001) content of fish in the field study differed over time. The trend was lower from August (85%) through October (76%), with little change overwinter. Lipids (P&lt;0. 007) and relative condition (Kn) (P&lt;0. 0002) also differed over time. The trend in lipids was an increase from August (11%) through September (18%) and a decrease to 12% by March. The decline in lipids was five time greater for fish in the pond having a lower prey abundance than for fish in the pond which did not. Lipids and relative condition (Kn} were strongly correlated (r=0. 9999, df=2, P&lt;0. 001) and were best fit with a curvelinear relationship. In the laboratory study fed fish showed higher lipids (P&lt;0. 0001) and Kn (P&lt;0. 0001), and lower moisture (P&lt;0. 0001} and ash (P&lt;0. 0001) than fasted fish. lipid (P&lt;0. 02), moisture (P&lt;0. 004) and ash (P&lt;0. 01) differed between short and long fish. Fish at 4°C had higher moisture (P&lt;0. 004) and lower lipids (P&lt;0. 01} then fish at 10°c. Length, weight, proximate body composition, relative condition (Kn), Liver Somatic Index (LSI), and Mesenteric Fat Index (MFI) were not different between the Wisconsin and South Dakota stocks of YOY largemouth bass in two South Dakota impoundments.","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Kolander, Todd D."],"institution":null,"degree_name":"Master of Science (MS)","degree_level":"Thesis - Open Access","degree_discipline":"Wildlife and Fisheries Science","degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":["Charles R. Berry"],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":1992,"date_issued":"1992-01-01T08:00:00Z","date_published":"1992-01-01T08:00:00Z","updated_at":"2026-07-24T04:27:58Z","subjects":["Natural Resources and Conservation"],"languages":["en"],"rights":["Copyright © 1992 Todd D. Kolander. All rights reserved."],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":"https://openprairie.sdstate.edu/etd/506","outbound_label":"Repository record","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor","label":"Contributor","values":["Charles R. Berry"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Kolander, Todd D."]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Wildlife and Fisheries Science"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["Thesis - Open Access"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["Master of Science (MS)"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["Natural Resources and Conservation"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:language","label":"Dc Language","values":["en"]},{"key":"dc:rights","label":"Dc Rights","values":["Copyright © 1992 Todd D. Kolander. All rights reserved."]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["https://openprairie.sdstate.edu/etd/506"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description.abstract","label":"Abstract","values":["Studies were conducted to examine the effects of total length (TL), prey abundance, and water temperature on approximate body composition, condition index, and overwinter survival of young-of-the-year (YOY) largemouth bass Micropterus salmoides in South Dakota. Growth and condition of YOY largemouth bass stocks from South Dakota and Wisconsin were also compared. Study areas included two South Dakota University impoundments (0.8 hectare each), a gravel pit (7. 3 hectare), and laboratory aquaria. Hatchery reared YOY largemouth bass were graded into short (19-45 mm TL) and long (58-135 mm TL) length groups. Overwinter mortality was 78% and 85% in the two impoundments, and 100% in the gravel pit. Overwinter mortality in all study sites my be related to insufficient energy reserves. Overwinter survival, proximate body composition and condition index were similar between short and long fish and among impoundments. Moisture (P<0. 0001) content of fish in the field study differed over time. The trend was lower from August (85%) through October (76%), with little change overwinter. Lipids (P<0. 007) and relative condition (Kn) (P<0. 0002) also differed over time. The trend in lipids was an increase from August (11%) through September (18%) and a decrease to 12% by March. The decline in lipids was five time greater for fish in the pond having a lower prey abundance than for fish in the pond which did not. Lipids and relative condition (Kn} were strongly correlated (r=0. 9999, df=2, P<0. 001) and were best fit with a curvelinear relationship. In the laboratory study fed fish showed higher lipids (P<0. 0001) and Kn (P<0. 0001), and lower moisture (P<0. 0001} and ash (P<0. 0001) than fasted fish. lipid (P<0. 02), moisture (P<0. 004) and ash (P<0. 01) differed between short and long fish. Fish at 4°C had higher moisture (P<0. 004) and lower lipids (P<0. 01} then fish at 10°c. Length, weight, proximate body composition, relative condition (Kn), Liver Somatic Index (LSI), and Mesenteric Fat Index (MFI) were not different between the Wisconsin and South Dakota stocks of YOY largemouth bass in two South Dakota impoundments."]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["Factors Limiting Overwinter Survival of Young-Of-The-Year Largemouth Bass in South Dakota"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor":["Charles R. Berry"],"dc:creator":["Kolander, Todd D."],"dc:description.abstract":["Studies were conducted to examine the effects of total length (TL), prey abundance, and water temperature on approximate body composition, condition index, and overwinter survival of young-of-the-year (YOY) largemouth bass Micropterus salmoides in South Dakota. Growth and condition of YOY largemouth bass stocks from South Dakota and Wisconsin were also compared. Study areas included two South Dakota University impoundments (0.8 hectare each), a gravel pit (7. 3 hectare), and laboratory aquaria. Hatchery reared YOY largemouth bass were graded into short (19-45 mm TL) and long (58-135 mm TL) length groups. Overwinter mortality was 78% and 85% in the two impoundments, and 100% in the gravel pit. Overwinter mortality in all study sites my be related to insufficient energy reserves. Overwinter survival, proximate body composition and condition index were similar between short and long fish and among impoundments. Moisture (P<0. 0001) content of fish in the field study differed over time. The trend was lower from August (85%) through October (76%), with little change overwinter. Lipids (P<0. 007) and relative condition (Kn) (P<0. 0002) also differed over time. The trend in lipids was an increase from August (11%) through September (18%) and a decrease to 12% by March. The decline in lipids was five time greater for fish in the pond having a lower prey abundance than for fish in the pond which did not. Lipids and relative condition (Kn} were strongly correlated (r=0. 9999, df=2, P<0. 001) and were best fit with a curvelinear relationship. In the laboratory study fed fish showed higher lipids (P<0. 0001) and Kn (P<0. 0001), and lower moisture (P<0. 0001} and ash (P<0. 0001) than fasted fish. lipid (P<0. 02), moisture (P<0. 004) and ash (P<0. 01) differed between short and long fish. Fish at 4°C had higher moisture (P<0. 004) and lower lipids (P<0. 01} then fish at 10°c. Length, weight, proximate body composition, relative condition (Kn), Liver Somatic Index (LSI), and Mesenteric Fat Index (MFI) were not different between the Wisconsin and South Dakota stocks of YOY largemouth bass in two South Dakota impoundments."],"dc:identifier":["https://openprairie.sdstate.edu/etd/506"],"dc:language":["en"],"dc:rights":["Copyright © 1992 Todd D. Kolander. All rights reserved."],"dc:subject":["Natural Resources and Conservation"],"dc:title":["Factors Limiting Overwinter Survival of Young-Of-The-Year Largemouth Bass in South Dakota"],"thesis:degree_discipline":["Wildlife and Fisheries Science"],"thesis:degree_level":["Thesis - Open Access"],"thesis:degree_name":["Master of Science (MS)"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-24T04:27:58Z"}