{"id":{"repo_id":"sdstate","oai_identifier":"oai:openprairie.sdstate.edu:etd-1042"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/sdstate/oai:openprairie.sdstate.edu:etd-1042","repository":{"repo_id":"sdstate","name":"South Dakota State University","base_url":"https://openprairie.sdstate.edu/do/oai/"},"display":{"title":"Factors Affecting Water Quality and Microinvertebrate Distribution Within a Small Black Hills Stream","abstract":"<p>A comparative evaluation of the benthic macroinvertebrate fauna was conducted concurrently with a physiochemical investigation on Slate Creek, Pennington County, South Dakota in the Black Hills. Water quality differences between years and among stations were detected in Slate Creek from both physiochemical and macroinvertebrate evaluations. The primary sources of disturbance to the Slate Creek study site during the sampling period were landscaping activities within the Deerfield Park Resort development and livestock activity. Increased runoff and elevated stream flows in 1982 were responsible for the variation in water quality between years. Water quality differences among stations indicated significantly (P < 0.05) higher turbidity and temperature immediately below the development site in 1981 and 1982. Significantly (P < 0.05) higher fecal coliform bacteria counts were observed at station 5 for both years, resulting from increased livestock activity. Phosphates and nitrates were highest at stations 4 and 5 but were not significantly (P > 0.05) different from the other stations in either year. Conductivity, hardness, alkalinity, and pH were significantly (P < 0.05) lower at station 2 for both years due to natural variation within the watershed. Physiochemical differences between years and among stations resulted in subsequent changes in the macroinvertebrate fauna. Differences from above and below the development site were observed among both macroinvertebrate species and assemblages. Species with a higher tolerance to sedimentation were more abundant in downstream stations. Among the community indices utilized, the biotic index provided the greatest discrimination among stations and tended to group stations above and below the development site</p>","abstract_html":"&lt;p&gt;A comparative evaluation of the benthic macroinvertebrate fauna was conducted concurrently with a physiochemical investigation on Slate Creek, Pennington County, South Dakota in the Black Hills. Water quality differences between years and among stations were detected in Slate Creek from both physiochemical and macroinvertebrate evaluations. The primary sources of disturbance to the Slate Creek study site during the sampling period were landscaping activities within the Deerfield Park Resort development and livestock activity. Increased runoff and elevated stream flows in 1982 were responsible for the variation in water quality between years. Water quality differences among stations indicated significantly (P &lt; 0.05) higher turbidity and temperature immediately below the development site in 1981 and 1982. Significantly (P &lt; 0.05) higher fecal coliform bacteria counts were observed at station 5 for both years, resulting from increased livestock activity. Phosphates and nitrates were highest at stations 4 and 5 but were not significantly (P &gt; 0.05) different from the other stations in either year. Conductivity, hardness, alkalinity, and pH were significantly (P &lt; 0.05) lower at station 2 for both years due to natural variation within the watershed. Physiochemical differences between years and among stations resulted in subsequent changes in the macroinvertebrate fauna. Differences from above and below the development site were observed among both macroinvertebrate species and assemblages. Species with a higher tolerance to sedimentation were more abundant in downstream stations. Among the community indices utilized, the biotic index provided the greatest discrimination among stations and tended to group stations above and below the development site&lt;/p&gt;","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Drewes, Henry G."],"institution":null,"degree_name":"Master of Science (MS)","degree_level":"Thesis - Open Access","degree_discipline":"Wildlife and Fisheries Science","degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":["Timothy Modde"],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":1984,"date_issued":"1984-01-01T08:00:00Z","date_published":"1984-01-01T08:00:00Z","updated_at":"2026-07-24T04:27:26Z","subjects":["Natural Resources and Conservation"],"languages":["en"],"rights":["<p>No Copyright - Non-Commercial Use Only<br /><a href=\"http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC-EDU/1.0/\">http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-NC/1.0/</a></p>"],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":"https://openprairie.sdstate.edu/etd/42","outbound_label":"Repository record","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor","label":"Contributor","values":["Timothy Modde"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Drewes, Henry G."]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Wildlife and Fisheries Science"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["Thesis - Open Access"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["Master of Science (MS)"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["Natural Resources and Conservation"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:language","label":"Dc Language","values":["en"]},{"key":"dc:rights","label":"Dc Rights","values":["<p>No Copyright - Non-Commercial Use Only<br /><a href=\"http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC-EDU/1.0/\">http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-NC/1.0/</a></p>"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["https://openprairie.sdstate.edu/etd/42"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description.abstract","label":"Abstract","values":["<p>A comparative evaluation of the benthic macroinvertebrate fauna was conducted concurrently with a physiochemical investigation on Slate Creek, Pennington County, South Dakota in the Black Hills. Water quality differences between years and among stations were detected in Slate Creek from both physiochemical and macroinvertebrate evaluations. The primary sources of disturbance to the Slate Creek study site during the sampling period were landscaping activities within the Deerfield Park Resort development and livestock activity. Increased runoff and elevated stream flows in 1982 were responsible for the variation in water quality between years. Water quality differences among stations indicated significantly (P < 0.05) higher turbidity and temperature immediately below the development site in 1981 and 1982. Significantly (P < 0.05) higher fecal coliform bacteria counts were observed at station 5 for both years, resulting from increased livestock activity. Phosphates and nitrates were highest at stations 4 and 5 but were not significantly (P > 0.05) different from the other stations in either year. Conductivity, hardness, alkalinity, and pH were significantly (P < 0.05) lower at station 2 for both years due to natural variation within the watershed. Physiochemical differences between years and among stations resulted in subsequent changes in the macroinvertebrate fauna. Differences from above and below the development site were observed among both macroinvertebrate species and assemblages. Species with a higher tolerance to sedimentation were more abundant in downstream stations. Among the community indices utilized, the biotic index provided the greatest discrimination among stations and tended to group stations above and below the development site</p>"]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["Factors Affecting Water Quality and Microinvertebrate Distribution Within a Small Black Hills Stream"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor":["Timothy Modde"],"dc:creator":["Drewes, Henry G."],"dc:description.abstract":["<p>A comparative evaluation of the benthic macroinvertebrate fauna was conducted concurrently with a physiochemical investigation on Slate Creek, Pennington County, South Dakota in the Black Hills. Water quality differences between years and among stations were detected in Slate Creek from both physiochemical and macroinvertebrate evaluations. The primary sources of disturbance to the Slate Creek study site during the sampling period were landscaping activities within the Deerfield Park Resort development and livestock activity. Increased runoff and elevated stream flows in 1982 were responsible for the variation in water quality between years. Water quality differences among stations indicated significantly (P < 0.05) higher turbidity and temperature immediately below the development site in 1981 and 1982. Significantly (P < 0.05) higher fecal coliform bacteria counts were observed at station 5 for both years, resulting from increased livestock activity. Phosphates and nitrates were highest at stations 4 and 5 but were not significantly (P > 0.05) different from the other stations in either year. Conductivity, hardness, alkalinity, and pH were significantly (P < 0.05) lower at station 2 for both years due to natural variation within the watershed. Physiochemical differences between years and among stations resulted in subsequent changes in the macroinvertebrate fauna. Differences from above and below the development site were observed among both macroinvertebrate species and assemblages. Species with a higher tolerance to sedimentation were more abundant in downstream stations. Among the community indices utilized, the biotic index provided the greatest discrimination among stations and tended to group stations above and below the development site</p>"],"dc:identifier":["https://openprairie.sdstate.edu/etd/42"],"dc:language":["en"],"dc:rights":["<p>No Copyright - Non-Commercial Use Only<br /><a href=\"http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC-EDU/1.0/\">http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-NC/1.0/</a></p>"],"dc:subject":["Natural Resources and Conservation"],"dc:title":["Factors Affecting Water Quality and Microinvertebrate Distribution Within a Small Black Hills Stream"],"thesis:degree_discipline":["Wildlife and Fisheries Science"],"thesis:degree_level":["Thesis - Open Access"],"thesis:degree_name":["Master of Science (MS)"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-24T04:27:26Z"}