{"id":{"repo_id":"salford","oai_identifier":"oai:salford-repository.worktribe.com:1337257"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/salford/oai:salford-repository.worktribe.com:1337257","repository":{"repo_id":"salford","name":"U. of Salford","base_url":"https://salford-repository.worktribe.com/oaiprovider"},"display":{"title":"A comparative study of Libyan public housing","abstract":"A house is a basic necessity of life for all human beings. Beyond meeting thisbasic goal, shelter should also meet the requirements of their way of life andsocio-cultural value requirements such as privacy, security, recognition ofreligious constraints and the desire for prestige and status. Traditional formsare able meet these requirements but the ability of more contemporary formsto do so is questionable. This can be attributed to imperfect knowledge, bothwith regard to resident's housing preferences and to the factors whichdetermine their satisfaction with the built environment.The result of rapid urbanization, a common characteristic of most developingcountries is the tendency to apply western technology and building methodswithout considering the socio-cultural values and needs of the society. It ismore desirable to be selective, to choose what is appropriate, rather thanapply the imported technology wholesale. In Libya, development haschanged the physical and social concepts of the country. The housing sectorin particular has expanded tremendously as a result of the oil economy.While the social life remains largely unaltered. People accept modernarchitecture, but also wish to preserve their indigenous socio-cultural valuesand identity. Moreover, contemporary housing differs greatly from traditionalarchitecture with respect to scale, space organization, layout, land use,architectural style and house type.This study aims to describe the different stages that Libyan housing passedthrough, providing a comparison between the different periods of the housein Libya, and between the three regions in terms of climate, building materialsand the other differences. This represents the factors of influence thataffected the form of the Libyan house and the main features for the Libyanhouse during different periods (Ottoman period, Colonial period,Independence period and Revolution period). The study specificallyconcentrates on Tripoli city representative of the coastal region, Ghadamescity, representative of the desert region and Garyan city, representative of themountain region. Data has been collected through historic documentsanalysis and field work. This study is composed of ten parts. The first part isan introduction, the second part is a literature review, the third part is a research methodology, the fourth part is a profile of Libya, the fifth part, is ofhousing in the coastal region, the sixth part, of housing in the desert region,the seventh part, of housing in the mountain region, the eighth part, of fieldwork, the ninth part, a comparison and analysis between the housing typesand the last part is the summary, conclusion and recommendations.The research process found that there was a lack of existing research onpublic housing in Libya. This was particularly noticeable when examiningpublic housing on a regional basis.The research concluded that this was an unintended effect of the politicalregime imposed on Libyan since 1969. Only recently has this regime relaxedinternal constraint to permit such a study to be undertaken.The research found major disparities between the espoused 'best practice' ofresearch methods required to take account of the social/cultural values andnorms in Libyan society.This disparity was also noted in the necessity of accepting the 'political'dimensions of state support for research when determining appropriateresearch approaches to conditions questionnaires and interviews.The conclusions to this research make an important contribution toknowledge by describing housing in Libya on a regional basis.The analytical findings of chapters 8 and 9 present a comparison analysis ofpublic housing (in both traditional and contemporary designs) in the threedistinct climatic regions of libya.The conclusions to this research showed that the current Libyan policy of'standard' housing designs is failing to satisfy the social/cultural values andnorms of the Libyan people and is failing to satisfay the varied climaticrequirements of three very distinct regions.The thesis ends by making a series of recommendations to:The Libyan government;Libyan designers;Libyan local officials;Libyan residents.The thesis concludes that it is possible to take the 'best' features of traditionaland contemporary designs and merge them to create designs that are more effective in meeting the verity social/cultural values and norms of the peopleof Libya.","abstract_html":"A house is a basic necessity of life for all human beings. Beyond meeting thisbasic goal, shelter should also meet the requirements of their way of life andsocio-cultural value requirements such as privacy, security, recognition ofreligious constraints and the desire for prestige and status. Traditional formsare able meet these requirements but the ability of more contemporary formsto do so is questionable. This can be attributed to imperfect knowledge, bothwith regard to resident's housing preferences and to the factors whichdetermine their satisfaction with the built environment.The result of rapid urbanization, a common characteristic of most developingcountries is the tendency to apply western technology and building methodswithout considering the socio-cultural values and needs of the society. It ismore desirable to be selective, to choose what is appropriate, rather thanapply the imported technology wholesale. In Libya, development haschanged the physical and social concepts of the country. The housing sectorin particular has expanded tremendously as a result of the oil economy.While the social life remains largely unaltered. People accept modernarchitecture, but also wish to preserve their indigenous socio-cultural valuesand identity. Moreover, contemporary housing differs greatly from traditionalarchitecture with respect to scale, space organization, layout, land use,architectural style and house type.This study aims to describe the different stages that Libyan housing passedthrough, providing a comparison between the different periods of the housein Libya, and between the three regions in terms of climate, building materialsand the other differences. This represents the factors of influence thataffected the form of the Libyan house and the main features for the Libyanhouse during different periods (Ottoman period, Colonial period,Independence period and Revolution period). The study specificallyconcentrates on Tripoli city representative of the coastal region, Ghadamescity, representative of the desert region and Garyan city, representative of themountain region. Data has been collected through historic documentsanalysis and field work. This study is composed of ten parts. The first part isan introduction, the second part is a literature review, the third part is a research methodology, the fourth part is a profile of Libya, the fifth part, is ofhousing in the coastal region, the sixth part, of housing in the desert region,the seventh part, of housing in the mountain region, the eighth part, of fieldwork, the ninth part, a comparison and analysis between the housing typesand the last part is the summary, conclusion and recommendations.The research process found that there was a lack of existing research onpublic housing in Libya. This was particularly noticeable when examiningpublic housing on a regional basis.The research concluded that this was an unintended effect of the politicalregime imposed on Libyan since 1969. Only recently has this regime relaxedinternal constraint to permit such a study to be undertaken.The research found major disparities between the espoused 'best practice' ofresearch methods required to take account of the social/cultural values andnorms in Libyan society.This disparity was also noted in the necessity of accepting the 'political'dimensions of state support for research when determining appropriateresearch approaches to conditions questionnaires and interviews.The conclusions to this research make an important contribution toknowledge by describing housing in Libya on a regional basis.The analytical findings of chapters 8 and 9 present a comparison analysis ofpublic housing (in both traditional and contemporary designs) in the threedistinct climatic regions of libya.The conclusions to this research showed that the current Libyan policy of'standard' housing designs is failing to satisfy the social/cultural values andnorms of the Libyan people and is failing to satisfay the varied climaticrequirements of three very distinct regions.The thesis ends by making a series of recommendations to:The Libyan government;Libyan designers;Libyan local officials;Libyan residents.The thesis concludes that it is possible to take the 'best' features of traditionaland contemporary designs and merge them to create designs that are more effective in meeting the verity social/cultural values and norms of the peopleof Libya.","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Bilghit, EA"],"institution":null,"degree_name":null,"degree_level":"Doctoral (Level 8)","degree_discipline":null,"degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":[],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2007,"date_issued":"2007","date_published":"2007","updated_at":"2026-07-24T04:26:09Z","subjects":[],"languages":["en"],"rights":[],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["oai:salford-repository.worktribe.com:1337257"],"render_values":[{"text":"oai:salford-repository.worktribe.com:1337257","href":null,"code":true}]}]},"links":{"outbound_url":null,"outbound_label":null,"outbound_source":null},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor.sponsor","label":"Sponsor","values":["University of Salford"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Bilghit, EA"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date","label":"Dc Date","values":["2007-07-01"]},{"key":"dc:date.issued","label":"Date","values":["2007"]},{"key":"dc:relation.isreferencedby","label":"Dc Relation Isreferencedby","values":["https://salford-repository.worktribe.com/output/1337257"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["Thesis"]},{"key":"dc:type.qualificationlevel","label":"Dc Type Qualificationlevel","values":["Doctoral (Level 8)"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:language","label":"Dc Language","values":["en"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["oai:salford-repository.worktribe.com:1337257"]},{"key":"dc:identifier.uri","label":"Identifier URI","values":["https://salford-repository.worktribe.com/file/1337257/1/10740422.pdf"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description.abstract","label":"Abstract","values":["A house is a basic necessity of life for all human beings. Beyond meeting thisbasic goal, shelter should also meet the requirements of their way of life andsocio-cultural value requirements such as privacy, security, recognition ofreligious constraints and the desire for prestige and status. Traditional formsare able meet these requirements but the ability of more contemporary formsto do so is questionable. This can be attributed to imperfect knowledge, bothwith regard to resident's housing preferences and to the factors whichdetermine their satisfaction with the built environment.The result of rapid urbanization, a common characteristic of most developingcountries is the tendency to apply western technology and building methodswithout considering the socio-cultural values and needs of the society. It ismore desirable to be selective, to choose what is appropriate, rather thanapply the imported technology wholesale. In Libya, development haschanged the physical and social concepts of the country. The housing sectorin particular has expanded tremendously as a result of the oil economy.While the social life remains largely unaltered. People accept modernarchitecture, but also wish to preserve their indigenous socio-cultural valuesand identity. Moreover, contemporary housing differs greatly from traditionalarchitecture with respect to scale, space organization, layout, land use,architectural style and house type.This study aims to describe the different stages that Libyan housing passedthrough, providing a comparison between the different periods of the housein Libya, and between the three regions in terms of climate, building materialsand the other differences. This represents the factors of influence thataffected the form of the Libyan house and the main features for the Libyanhouse during different periods (Ottoman period, Colonial period,Independence period and Revolution period). The study specificallyconcentrates on Tripoli city representative of the coastal region, Ghadamescity, representative of the desert region and Garyan city, representative of themountain region. Data has been collected through historic documentsanalysis and field work. This study is composed of ten parts. The first part isan introduction, the second part is a literature review, the third part is a research methodology, the fourth part is a profile of Libya, the fifth part, is ofhousing in the coastal region, the sixth part, of housing in the desert region,the seventh part, of housing in the mountain region, the eighth part, of fieldwork, the ninth part, a comparison and analysis between the housing typesand the last part is the summary, conclusion and recommendations.The research process found that there was a lack of existing research onpublic housing in Libya. This was particularly noticeable when examiningpublic housing on a regional basis.The research concluded that this was an unintended effect of the politicalregime imposed on Libyan since 1969. Only recently has this regime relaxedinternal constraint to permit such a study to be undertaken.The research found major disparities between the espoused 'best practice' ofresearch methods required to take account of the social/cultural values andnorms in Libyan society.This disparity was also noted in the necessity of accepting the 'political'dimensions of state support for research when determining appropriateresearch approaches to conditions questionnaires and interviews.The conclusions to this research make an important contribution toknowledge by describing housing in Libya on a regional basis.The analytical findings of chapters 8 and 9 present a comparison analysis ofpublic housing (in both traditional and contemporary designs) in the threedistinct climatic regions of libya.The conclusions to this research showed that the current Libyan policy of'standard' housing designs is failing to satisfy the social/cultural values andnorms of the Libyan people and is failing to satisfay the varied climaticrequirements of three very distinct regions.The thesis ends by making a series of recommendations to:The Libyan government;Libyan designers;Libyan local officials;Libyan residents.The thesis concludes that it is possible to take the 'best' features of traditionaland contemporary designs and merge them to create designs that are more effective in meeting the verity social/cultural values and norms of the peopleof Libya."]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["A comparative study of Libyan public housing"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor.sponsor":["University of Salford"],"dc:creator":["Bilghit, EA"],"dc:date":["2007-07-01"],"dc:date.issued":["2007"],"dc:description.abstract":["A house is a basic necessity of life for all human beings. Beyond meeting thisbasic goal, shelter should also meet the requirements of their way of life andsocio-cultural value requirements such as privacy, security, recognition ofreligious constraints and the desire for prestige and status. Traditional formsare able meet these requirements but the ability of more contemporary formsto do so is questionable. This can be attributed to imperfect knowledge, bothwith regard to resident's housing preferences and to the factors whichdetermine their satisfaction with the built environment.The result of rapid urbanization, a common characteristic of most developingcountries is the tendency to apply western technology and building methodswithout considering the socio-cultural values and needs of the society. It ismore desirable to be selective, to choose what is appropriate, rather thanapply the imported technology wholesale. In Libya, development haschanged the physical and social concepts of the country. The housing sectorin particular has expanded tremendously as a result of the oil economy.While the social life remains largely unaltered. People accept modernarchitecture, but also wish to preserve their indigenous socio-cultural valuesand identity. Moreover, contemporary housing differs greatly from traditionalarchitecture with respect to scale, space organization, layout, land use,architectural style and house type.This study aims to describe the different stages that Libyan housing passedthrough, providing a comparison between the different periods of the housein Libya, and between the three regions in terms of climate, building materialsand the other differences. This represents the factors of influence thataffected the form of the Libyan house and the main features for the Libyanhouse during different periods (Ottoman period, Colonial period,Independence period and Revolution period). The study specificallyconcentrates on Tripoli city representative of the coastal region, Ghadamescity, representative of the desert region and Garyan city, representative of themountain region. Data has been collected through historic documentsanalysis and field work. This study is composed of ten parts. The first part isan introduction, the second part is a literature review, the third part is a research methodology, the fourth part is a profile of Libya, the fifth part, is ofhousing in the coastal region, the sixth part, of housing in the desert region,the seventh part, of housing in the mountain region, the eighth part, of fieldwork, the ninth part, a comparison and analysis between the housing typesand the last part is the summary, conclusion and recommendations.The research process found that there was a lack of existing research onpublic housing in Libya. This was particularly noticeable when examiningpublic housing on a regional basis.The research concluded that this was an unintended effect of the politicalregime imposed on Libyan since 1969. Only recently has this regime relaxedinternal constraint to permit such a study to be undertaken.The research found major disparities between the espoused 'best practice' ofresearch methods required to take account of the social/cultural values andnorms in Libyan society.This disparity was also noted in the necessity of accepting the 'political'dimensions of state support for research when determining appropriateresearch approaches to conditions questionnaires and interviews.The conclusions to this research make an important contribution toknowledge by describing housing in Libya on a regional basis.The analytical findings of chapters 8 and 9 present a comparison analysis ofpublic housing (in both traditional and contemporary designs) in the threedistinct climatic regions of libya.The conclusions to this research showed that the current Libyan policy of'standard' housing designs is failing to satisfy the social/cultural values andnorms of the Libyan people and is failing to satisfay the varied climaticrequirements of three very distinct regions.The thesis ends by making a series of recommendations to:The Libyan government;Libyan designers;Libyan local officials;Libyan residents.The thesis concludes that it is possible to take the 'best' features of traditionaland contemporary designs and merge them to create designs that are more effective in meeting the verity social/cultural values and norms of the peopleof Libya."],"dc:identifier":["oai:salford-repository.worktribe.com:1337257"],"dc:identifier.uri":["https://salford-repository.worktribe.com/file/1337257/1/10740422.pdf"],"dc:language":["en"],"dc:relation.isreferencedby":["https://salford-repository.worktribe.com/output/1337257"],"dc:title":["A comparative study of Libyan public housing"],"dc:type":["Thesis"],"dc:type.qualificationlevel":["Doctoral (Level 8)"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-24T04:26:09Z"}