The purpose of this study was to see if there is an interaction between anxiety levels and birth order. It was hypothesized that the first-born child would have a higher level of total anxiety than a non-first born child. It was also hypothesized that females would have an overall higher level of anxiety than males. The Revised Children's Manifest Anxiety Scale 2nd Edition, which was used to measure the different subtests of anxiety, tested for specific types of anxiety: total anxiety, worrying, social anxiety, physiological anxiety, and defensiveness. It was hypothesized that females would feel a higher level of total anxiety, worrying, and social anxiety while males would have a higher level of defensiveness, and physiological anxiety. The data was analyzed using t-tests and 2-way ANOVA's to determine the significance of the interactions. Implications for anxiety in an educational setting are discussed and reviewed.
","abstract_html":"<p>The purpose of this study was to see if there is an interaction between anxiety levels and birth order. It was hypothesized that the first-born child would have a higher level of total anxiety than a non-first born child. It was also hypothesized that females would have an overall higher level of anxiety than males. The Revised Children's Manifest Anxiety Scale 2<sup>nd</sup> Edition, which was used to measure the different subtests of anxiety, tested for specific types of anxiety: total anxiety, worrying, social anxiety, physiological anxiety, and defensiveness. It was hypothesized that females would feel a higher level of total anxiety, worrying, and social anxiety while males would have a higher level of defensiveness, and physiological anxiety. The data was analyzed using t-tests and 2-way ANOVA's to determine the significance of the interactions. Implications for anxiety in an educational setting are discussed and reviewed.</p>","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Pearson, Tarah R."],"institution":null,"degree_name":"M.A. in School Psychology","degree_level":"Thesis","degree_discipline":"Educational Services and Leadership","degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":["Dihoff, Roberta"],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2009,"date_issued":"2009-05-06T07:00:00Z","date_published":"2009-05-06T07:00:00Z","updated_at":"2026-07-24T04:13:27Z","subjects":["Anxiety in children; Birth order","Educational Psychology"],"languages":[],"rights":[],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":"https://rdw.rowan.edu/etd/655","outbound_label":"Repository record","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor","label":"Contributor","values":["Dihoff, Roberta"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Pearson, Tarah R."]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date.available","label":"Dc Date Available","values":["2016-03-18T07:00:00Z"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Educational Services and Leadership"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["Thesis"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["M.A. in School Psychology"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["Anxiety in children; Birth order","Educational Psychology"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["https://rdw.rowan.edu/etd/655"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description.abstract","label":"Abstract","values":["The purpose of this study was to see if there is an interaction between anxiety levels and birth order. It was hypothesized that the first-born child would have a higher level of total anxiety than a non-first born child. It was also hypothesized that females would have an overall higher level of anxiety than males. The Revised Children's Manifest Anxiety Scale 2nd Edition, which was used to measure the different subtests of anxiety, tested for specific types of anxiety: total anxiety, worrying, social anxiety, physiological anxiety, and defensiveness. It was hypothesized that females would feel a higher level of total anxiety, worrying, and social anxiety while males would have a higher level of defensiveness, and physiological anxiety. The data was analyzed using t-tests and 2-way ANOVA's to determine the significance of the interactions. Implications for anxiety in an educational setting are discussed and reviewed.
"]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["Anxiety and birth order: does birth order play a role in a child's anxiety level?"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor":["Dihoff, Roberta"],"dc:creator":["Pearson, Tarah R."],"dc:date.available":["2016-03-18T07:00:00Z"],"dc:description.abstract":["The purpose of this study was to see if there is an interaction between anxiety levels and birth order. It was hypothesized that the first-born child would have a higher level of total anxiety than a non-first born child. It was also hypothesized that females would have an overall higher level of anxiety than males. The Revised Children's Manifest Anxiety Scale 2nd Edition, which was used to measure the different subtests of anxiety, tested for specific types of anxiety: total anxiety, worrying, social anxiety, physiological anxiety, and defensiveness. It was hypothesized that females would feel a higher level of total anxiety, worrying, and social anxiety while males would have a higher level of defensiveness, and physiological anxiety. The data was analyzed using t-tests and 2-way ANOVA's to determine the significance of the interactions. Implications for anxiety in an educational setting are discussed and reviewed.
"],"dc:identifier":["https://rdw.rowan.edu/etd/655"],"dc:subject":["Anxiety in children; Birth order","Educational Psychology"],"dc:title":["Anxiety and birth order: does birth order play a role in a child's anxiety level?"],"thesis:degree_discipline":["Educational Services and Leadership"],"thesis:degree_level":["Thesis"],"thesis:degree_name":["M.A. in School Psychology"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-24T04:13:27Z"}