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The research encompasses: a thorough literature review, identifying innovation opportunities in deep learning for industrial inspections; the development of a general classification model using cutting-edge architectures for precise classification of circumferential welds; the design and training of an anomaly detection model to enhance fault identification; the implementation of a human-in-the-loop system for improved model accuracy and reliability; and a comprehensive evaluation of these models' real-world applicability. The study not only showcases cutting-edge deep learning techniques for defect detection, but also highlights critical research gaps, providing a guide for future investigation. The novel incorporation of human expertise with machine learning via a human-in-the-loop approach is a significant innovation, bolstering decision-making and potentially lowering error rates. 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