{"id":{"repo_id":"reykjavik","oai_identifier":"oai:skemman.is:1946/25604"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/reykjavik/oai:skemman.is:1946/25604","repository":{"repo_id":"reykjavik","name":"Reykjavík University","base_url":"https://skemman.is/oai/request"},"display":{"title":"Structural modelling and earthquake analysis of a hospital building located within the Tjörnes fracture zone in Iceland","abstract":"The Tjörnes fracture zone(TFZ)is one of the two most active seismic regions in Iceland. It is of vital importance for civil protection and security of the local residents living in that area to have a fully functioning hospital close by, when a major earthquake event occurs within the TFZ. The main focus of this study is to examine the structural characteristics, dynamic behaviour and structural integrity of the hospital in the town of Húsavik in North Iceland. A structural monitoring system was installed in the building in May 2015. The structural monitoring system is a part of the multidisciplinary strong motion array,ICEARRAY II, which is in operation in North Iceland. The measurements have been ongoing for one year and three notable events have occurred that provide useful full-scale records of the building excitation and response and which have been used to determine key dynamic properties and response characteristics as well as for validation of the structural model. A finite element model was constructed using the structural design software Sap2000 (www.csiberkeley.com). The first natural frequency of the building is 7.4 Hz, and the damping ratio at low intensity excitation was found to be of the order, 2 - 3% of critical. Building codes and standard civil engineering practises have evolved considerably since the construction of the hospital in 1964. Especially with regard to seismic design requirements. Individual building components and structural design details will be examined with this in mind. The earthquake excitation used for the analysis is the EN1998-1 Response spectra and records of strong ground motion from earthquake events that occurred in the South Iceland seismic zone in June 2000 and May 2008. The building has many load carrying walls, in a structural system that provides a lot of redundancy. The building deformations are found to be small, or 1 cm or less for a design response spectral analysis. The same can be said about the story drift which is found to be well within the limits prescribed by EN1998. Structural verification of selected cross sections was performed using M-N interaction diagram and shear capacity calculations according to EN 1992-1. The cross sections resist the interaction between axial force and bending moment but the shear capacity is not satisfactory for earthquake excitation. Concrete stresses are generally found to be low. The density ratio of walls compared to the floor area was calculated to be 7% total experiments have shown that this is a indicator of a good seismic performance.","abstract_html":"The Tjörnes fracture zone(TFZ)is one of the two most active seismic regions in Iceland. It is of vital importance for civil protection and security of the local residents living in that area to have a fully functioning hospital close by, when a major earthquake event occurs within the TFZ. The main focus of this study is to examine the structural characteristics, dynamic behaviour and structural integrity of the hospital in the town of Húsavik in North Iceland. A structural monitoring system was installed in the building in May 2015. The structural monitoring system is a part of the multidisciplinary strong motion array,ICEARRAY II, which is in operation in North Iceland. The measurements have been ongoing for one year and three notable events have occurred that provide useful full-scale records of the building excitation and response and which have been used to determine key dynamic properties and response characteristics as well as for validation of the structural model. A finite element model was constructed using the structural design software Sap2000 (www.csiberkeley.com). The first natural frequency of the building is 7.4 Hz, and the damping ratio at low intensity excitation was found to be of the order, 2 - 3% of critical. Building codes and standard civil engineering practises have evolved considerably since the construction of the hospital in 1964. Especially with regard to seismic design requirements. Individual building components and structural design details will be examined with this in mind. The earthquake excitation used for the analysis is the EN1998-1 Response spectra and records of strong ground motion from earthquake events that occurred in the South Iceland seismic zone in June 2000 and May 2008. The building has many load carrying walls, in a structural system that provides a lot of redundancy. The building deformations are found to be small, or 1 cm or less for a design response spectral analysis. The same can be said about the story drift which is found to be well within the limits prescribed by EN1998. Structural verification of selected cross sections was performed using M-N interaction diagram and shear capacity calculations according to EN 1992-1. The cross sections resist the interaction between axial force and bending moment but the shear capacity is not satisfactory for earthquake excitation. Concrete stresses are generally found to be low. The density ratio of walls compared to the floor area was calculated to be 7% total experiments have shown that this is a indicator of a good seismic performance.","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Höskuldur Þorbjargarson 1987-"],"institution":null,"degree_name":null,"degree_level":null,"degree_discipline":null,"degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":["Háskólinn í Reykjavík"],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2016,"date_issued":"2016-08-02","date_published":"2016-08-02","updated_at":"2026-07-27T20:37:18Z","subjects":["Byggingarverkfræði","Meistaraprófsritgerðir","Jarðskjálftar","Burðarvirki","Tækni- og verkfræðideild","Civil engineering","Earthquakes","Structural engineering","School of Science and Engineering"],"languages":["is"],"rights":[],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/1946/25604","outbound_label":"Handle","outbound_source":"dc:identifier.uri"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor","label":"Contributor","values":["Háskólinn í Reykjavík"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Höskuldur Þorbjargarson 1987-"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date.accessioned","label":"Dc Date Accessioned","values":["2016-08-02T12:05:36Z"]},{"key":"dc:date.available","label":"Dc Date Available","values":["2016-08-02T12:05:36Z"]},{"key":"dc:date.issued","label":"Date","values":["2016-08-02"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["Thesis"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["Byggingarverkfræði","Meistaraprófsritgerðir","Jarðskjálftar","Burðarvirki","Tækni- og verkfræðideild","Civil engineering","Earthquakes","Structural engineering","School of Science and Engineering"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:language.iso","label":"Language (ISO)","values":["is"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier.uri","label":"Identifier URI","values":["http://hdl.handle.net/1946/25604"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description.abstract","label":"Abstract","values":["The Tjörnes fracture zone(TFZ)is one of the two most active seismic regions in Iceland. It is of vital importance for civil protection and security of the local residents living in that area to have a fully functioning hospital close by, when a major earthquake event occurs within the TFZ. The main focus of this study is to examine the structural characteristics, dynamic behaviour and structural integrity of the hospital in the town of Húsavik in North Iceland. A structural monitoring system was installed in the building in May 2015. The structural monitoring system is a part of the multidisciplinary strong motion array,ICEARRAY II, which is in operation in North Iceland. The measurements have been ongoing for one year and three notable events have occurred that provide useful full-scale records of the building excitation and response and which have been used to determine key dynamic properties and response characteristics as well as for validation of the structural model. A finite element model was constructed using the structural design software Sap2000 (www.csiberkeley.com). The first natural frequency of the building is 7.4 Hz, and the damping ratio at low intensity excitation was found to be of the order, 2 - 3% of critical. Building codes and standard civil engineering practises have evolved considerably since the construction of the hospital in 1964. Especially with regard to seismic design requirements. Individual building components and structural design details will be examined with this in mind. The earthquake excitation used for the analysis is the EN1998-1 Response spectra and records of strong ground motion from earthquake events that occurred in the South Iceland seismic zone in June 2000 and May 2008. The building has many load carrying walls, in a structural system that provides a lot of redundancy. The building deformations are found to be small, or 1 cm or less for a design response spectral analysis. The same can be said about the story drift which is found to be well within the limits prescribed by EN1998. Structural verification of selected cross sections was performed using M-N interaction diagram and shear capacity calculations according to EN 1992-1. The cross sections resist the interaction between axial force and bending moment but the shear capacity is not satisfactory for earthquake excitation. Concrete stresses are generally found to be low. The density ratio of walls compared to the floor area was calculated to be 7% total experiments have shown that this is a indicator of a good seismic performance.","Húsavík er staðsett á einu virkasta jarðskjálfta svæði á Íslandi, (Tjörnes fracture zone). Þess vegna er mikilvægt öryggisatriði þegar stórir jarðskjálftar ganga yfir að fólk geti leitað til heilbrigðisstofnunar í nágrenninu. Megin áhersla þessa verkefnis er að meta eiginleika burðarvirkja hreyfifræðilega svörun og áreiðanleika burðarvirkis Heilbrigðisstofnunar þingeyinga á Húsavík. Hröðunarmælum var komið fyrir í spítalanum í maí 2015. Hröðunarmælarnir eru hluti af mælakerfinu ICEARRAY II sem rekið er af rannsóknarmiðstöð Háskóla Íslands í jarðskjálftaverkfræði. Þrír nothæfir atburðir hafa verið mældir á því eina ári sem mælakerfið hefur verið í spítalanum. Atburðirnir gefa raunverulegar mælingar á viðbrögðum byggingarinnar þegar jarðskjálfti ríður yfir. Mælingarnar voru notaðar til að ákvarða nokkra lykil eiginleika og einnig til þess að fínstilla viðbragð FEM líkans sem var byggt upp í FEM forritinu SAP2000 (www.csiberkeley.com). Fyrsta eigintíðni byggingarinnar er 7,4 Hz og dempunarhlutfall við upphaf jarðhreyfinga var á bilinu 2 - 3%. Reglugerðir og hefðir í byggingariðnaði hafa þróast og breyst síðan húsið var byggt árið 1964. Það á þá sérstaklega við þegar litið er til burðarvirkjahönnunar mannvirkja sem gangast undir jarðskjálftaálag. Sérstakir byggingarhlutar verða skoðaðir með þetta í huga. Við styrkathugun byggingarhluta er notast við svörunarróf sem skilgreint er í EN 1998-1 ásamt því að notast er við hröðunarmælingar frá atburðum sem mældir voru í júní 2000 og maí 2008 á suðurlandi. Byggingin sem um ræðir hefur mikið af steyptum veggjum sem ná alveg á milli hæða og gefa verulega stífni og taka upp stóra krafta. Færslur byggingarhluta eru mjög litlar eða um 1 cm eða minna fyrir svörunarrófsgreininguna. Mismunafærslur á milli hæða eru sömuleiðis vel innan marka sem staðallinn EN 1998-1 setur. Það eru þó undir sérstökum álagstilfellum að ástæða getur verið til að yfirfara ákveðna byggingarhluta. Styrkathugun sérstakra byggingarhluta var athuguð með tilliti til samverkunar normalkrafta of beygjuvægis ásamt athugun á skerþoli byggingarhlutanna með tilliti til EN 1992-1. Styrkur þversniðana er nægur ef samverkun normalkrafta og beygjuvægja er skoðuð en skerþol þvernsiðana er ekki nægjanlegt fyrir áraun vegna jarðskjálfta. Spennudreifing í steinsteypu er almennt lág. Þverskurðarflatarmál berandi veggja var reiknað sem hlutfall af grunnflatarmáli byggingarinnar, Berandi veggir eru 7% af grunn-flatarmáli byggingarinnar og hefur reynsla tilrauna sýnt að svo hátt hlutfall gefur til kynna að byggingin muni reynast vel undir jarðskjálftaálagi."]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["Structural modelling and earthquake analysis of a hospital building located within the Tjörnes fracture zone in Iceland"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor":["Háskólinn í Reykjavík"],"dc:creator":["Höskuldur Þorbjargarson 1987-"],"dc:date.accessioned":["2016-08-02T12:05:36Z"],"dc:date.available":["2016-08-02T12:05:36Z"],"dc:date.issued":["2016-08-02"],"dc:description.abstract":["The Tjörnes fracture zone(TFZ)is one of the two most active seismic regions in Iceland. It is of vital importance for civil protection and security of the local residents living in that area to have a fully functioning hospital close by, when a major earthquake event occurs within the TFZ. The main focus of this study is to examine the structural characteristics, dynamic behaviour and structural integrity of the hospital in the town of Húsavik in North Iceland. A structural monitoring system was installed in the building in May 2015. The structural monitoring system is a part of the multidisciplinary strong motion array,ICEARRAY II, which is in operation in North Iceland. The measurements have been ongoing for one year and three notable events have occurred that provide useful full-scale records of the building excitation and response and which have been used to determine key dynamic properties and response characteristics as well as for validation of the structural model. A finite element model was constructed using the structural design software Sap2000 (www.csiberkeley.com). The first natural frequency of the building is 7.4 Hz, and the damping ratio at low intensity excitation was found to be of the order, 2 - 3% of critical. Building codes and standard civil engineering practises have evolved considerably since the construction of the hospital in 1964. Especially with regard to seismic design requirements. Individual building components and structural design details will be examined with this in mind. The earthquake excitation used for the analysis is the EN1998-1 Response spectra and records of strong ground motion from earthquake events that occurred in the South Iceland seismic zone in June 2000 and May 2008. The building has many load carrying walls, in a structural system that provides a lot of redundancy. The building deformations are found to be small, or 1 cm or less for a design response spectral analysis. The same can be said about the story drift which is found to be well within the limits prescribed by EN1998. Structural verification of selected cross sections was performed using M-N interaction diagram and shear capacity calculations according to EN 1992-1. The cross sections resist the interaction between axial force and bending moment but the shear capacity is not satisfactory for earthquake excitation. Concrete stresses are generally found to be low. The density ratio of walls compared to the floor area was calculated to be 7% total experiments have shown that this is a indicator of a good seismic performance.","Húsavík er staðsett á einu virkasta jarðskjálfta svæði á Íslandi, (Tjörnes fracture zone). Þess vegna er mikilvægt öryggisatriði þegar stórir jarðskjálftar ganga yfir að fólk geti leitað til heilbrigðisstofnunar í nágrenninu. Megin áhersla þessa verkefnis er að meta eiginleika burðarvirkja hreyfifræðilega svörun og áreiðanleika burðarvirkis Heilbrigðisstofnunar þingeyinga á Húsavík. Hröðunarmælum var komið fyrir í spítalanum í maí 2015. Hröðunarmælarnir eru hluti af mælakerfinu ICEARRAY II sem rekið er af rannsóknarmiðstöð Háskóla Íslands í jarðskjálftaverkfræði. Þrír nothæfir atburðir hafa verið mældir á því eina ári sem mælakerfið hefur verið í spítalanum. Atburðirnir gefa raunverulegar mælingar á viðbrögðum byggingarinnar þegar jarðskjálfti ríður yfir. Mælingarnar voru notaðar til að ákvarða nokkra lykil eiginleika og einnig til þess að fínstilla viðbragð FEM líkans sem var byggt upp í FEM forritinu SAP2000 (www.csiberkeley.com). Fyrsta eigintíðni byggingarinnar er 7,4 Hz og dempunarhlutfall við upphaf jarðhreyfinga var á bilinu 2 - 3%. Reglugerðir og hefðir í byggingariðnaði hafa þróast og breyst síðan húsið var byggt árið 1964. Það á þá sérstaklega við þegar litið er til burðarvirkjahönnunar mannvirkja sem gangast undir jarðskjálftaálag. Sérstakir byggingarhlutar verða skoðaðir með þetta í huga. Við styrkathugun byggingarhluta er notast við svörunarróf sem skilgreint er í EN 1998-1 ásamt því að notast er við hröðunarmælingar frá atburðum sem mældir voru í júní 2000 og maí 2008 á suðurlandi. Byggingin sem um ræðir hefur mikið af steyptum veggjum sem ná alveg á milli hæða og gefa verulega stífni og taka upp stóra krafta. Færslur byggingarhluta eru mjög litlar eða um 1 cm eða minna fyrir svörunarrófsgreininguna. Mismunafærslur á milli hæða eru sömuleiðis vel innan marka sem staðallinn EN 1998-1 setur. Það eru þó undir sérstökum álagstilfellum að ástæða getur verið til að yfirfara ákveðna byggingarhluta. Styrkathugun sérstakra byggingarhluta var athuguð með tilliti til samverkunar normalkrafta of beygjuvægis ásamt athugun á skerþoli byggingarhlutanna með tilliti til EN 1992-1. Styrkur þversniðana er nægur ef samverkun normalkrafta og beygjuvægja er skoðuð en skerþol þvernsiðana er ekki nægjanlegt fyrir áraun vegna jarðskjálfta. Spennudreifing í steinsteypu er almennt lág. Þverskurðarflatarmál berandi veggja var reiknað sem hlutfall af grunnflatarmáli byggingarinnar, Berandi veggir eru 7% af grunn-flatarmáli byggingarinnar og hefur reynsla tilrauna sýnt að svo hátt hlutfall gefur til kynna að byggingin muni reynast vel undir jarðskjálftaálagi."],"dc:identifier.uri":["http://hdl.handle.net/1946/25604"],"dc:language.iso":["is"],"dc:subject":["Byggingarverkfræði","Meistaraprófsritgerðir","Jarðskjálftar","Burðarvirki","Tækni- og verkfræðideild","Civil engineering","Earthquakes","Structural engineering","School of Science and Engineering"],"dc:title":["Structural modelling and earthquake analysis of a hospital building located within the Tjörnes fracture zone in Iceland"],"dc:type":["Thesis"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-27T20:37:18Z"}