{"id":{"repo_id":"regina","oai_identifier":"oai:uregina.scholaris.ca:10294/7680"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/regina/oai:uregina.scholaris.ca:10294/7680","repository":{"repo_id":"regina","name":"University of Regina","base_url":"https://uregina.scholaris.ca/server/oai/request"},"display":{"title":"Survival and Overland Transport of Fecal Coliform under Canadian Prairie Conditions","abstract":"In-field winter feeding of cattle is becoming a common practice in the Canadian Prairie. Cattle feeding in-field during winter provides economic advantages to agricultural producers over feeding the cattle in confined corrals by eliminating the extra work and cost associated with feed transport and manure management. Despite the economic advantages; wintering grounds for livestock operations can have profound impacts on water quality. Animal waste accumulated during winter can be transported to surface water with spring snowmelt. The potential impact on snowmelt runoff quality of winter in-field bale-grazing under the cold climate of Saskatchewan is being evaluated under the Saskatchewan component of the Canada-wide Watershed Evaluation of Beneficial Management Practices (WEBs) program which is located in the Pipestone Creek watershed. This study is intended to complement the Saskatchewan WEBs project and it aims to support the evaluation of in-field bale-grazing during winter. The design of the Saskatchewan WEBs project enabled the evaluation of in-field bale-grazing during winter (W) compared to the conventional manure management practice associated with wintering cattle in confined corrals, where the manure piled during winter is spread on field in the fall (F). The control fields did not receive any animal waste beyond the spring and summer grazing season. The data collected over three years showed that adding extra animal waste to the field past the grazing season can significantly increase the number of bacteria in snowmelt runoff despite the age of the waste. The wintering fields (W) reported the highest flow-weighted count over the years (2674 CFU/100ml). However, the mean count of FC from W fields (497 CFU/100ml) was not significantly different (p=0.74>0.05) from the F fields (364 CFU/100 ml). The mean count of FC in snowmelt runoff from the control fields (110 CFU/100ml) can be well below the recreational water standards of 200 CFU/100 ml. As a result, feeding the animal in confinements during winter and spreading the collected manure on field the next fall may result in the same microbial pollution as that associated with the animal grazing in-field during winter. The study recommends including microbial pollution in the evaluation of beneficial management practices on pasture.","abstract_html":"In-field winter feeding of cattle is becoming a common practice in the Canadian Prairie. Cattle feeding in-field during winter provides economic advantages to agricultural producers over feeding the cattle in confined corrals by eliminating the extra work and cost associated with feed transport and manure management. Despite the economic advantages; wintering grounds for livestock operations can have profound impacts on water quality. Animal waste accumulated during winter can be transported to surface water with spring snowmelt. The potential impact on snowmelt runoff quality of winter in-field bale-grazing under the cold climate of Saskatchewan is being evaluated under the Saskatchewan component of the Canada-wide Watershed Evaluation of Beneficial Management Practices (WEBs) program which is located in the Pipestone Creek watershed. This study is intended to complement the Saskatchewan WEBs project and it aims to support the evaluation of in-field bale-grazing during winter. The design of the Saskatchewan WEBs project enabled the evaluation of in-field bale-grazing during winter (W) compared to the conventional manure management practice associated with wintering cattle in confined corrals, where the manure piled during winter is spread on field in the fall (F). The control fields did not receive any animal waste beyond the spring and summer grazing season. The data collected over three years showed that adding extra animal waste to the field past the grazing season can significantly increase the number of bacteria in snowmelt runoff despite the age of the waste. The wintering fields (W) reported the highest flow-weighted count over the years (2674 CFU/100ml). However, the mean count of FC from W fields (497 CFU/100ml) was not significantly different (p=0.74>0.05) from the F fields (364 CFU/100 ml). The mean count of FC in snowmelt runoff from the control fields (110 CFU/100ml) can be well below the recreational water standards of 200 CFU/100 ml. As a result, feeding the animal in confinements during winter and spreading the collected manure on field the next fall may result in the same microbial pollution as that associated with the animal grazing in-field during winter. The study recommends including microbial pollution in the evaluation of beneficial management practices on pasture.","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Baker-Ismail, Samar Ali"],"institution":"Faculty of Graduate Studies and Research, University of Regina","degree_name":"Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)","degree_level":"Doctoral -- first","degree_discipline":"Engineering - Environmental Systems","degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":[],"advisors":["McMartin, Dena","Cade-Menun, Barbara"],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":["Hardenbicker, Ulrike","Ng, Tsun Wai Kelvin","Yost, Christopher"],"year":2016,"date_issued":"2016-12","date_published":"2016-12","updated_at":"2026-07-24T04:03:34Z","subjects":[],"languages":["en"],"rights":[],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier.doi","label":"DOI","values":["https://doi.org/10.82465/4215"],"render_values":[{"text":"https://doi.org/10.82465/4215","href":"https://doi.org/10.82465/4215","code":true}]}]},"links":{"outbound_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/10294/7680","outbound_label":"Handle","outbound_source":"dc:identifier.uri"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor.advisor","label":"Advisor","values":["McMartin, Dena","Cade-Menun, Barbara"]},{"key":"dc:contributor.committeemember","label":"Committee Member","values":["Hardenbicker, Ulrike","Ng, Tsun Wai Kelvin","Yost, Christopher"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Baker-Ismail, Samar Ali"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date.accessioned","label":"Dc Date Accessioned","values":["2017-06-19T22:23:13Z"]},{"key":"dc:date.available","label":"Dc Date Available","values":["2017-06-19T22:23:13Z"]},{"key":"dc:date.issued","label":"Date","values":["2016-12"]},{"key":"dc:publisher","label":"Institution","values":["Faculty of Graduate Studies and Research, University of Regina"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["master thesis"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Engineering - Environmental Systems"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["Doctoral -- first"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)"]},{"key":"thesis:institution_name","label":"Thesis Institution Name","values":["Faculty of Graduate Studies and Research, University of Regina"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:language.iso","label":"Language (ISO)","values":["en"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier.doi","label":"DOI","values":["https://doi.org/10.82465/4215"]},{"key":"dc:identifier.uri","label":"Identifier URI","values":["https://hdl.handle.net/10294/7680"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description","label":"Description","values":["A Thesis Submitted to the Faculty of Graduate Studies and Research in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Environmental Systems Engineering, University of Regina. x, 146 p."]},{"key":"dc:description.abstract","label":"Abstract","values":["In-field winter feeding of cattle is becoming a common practice in the Canadian Prairie. Cattle feeding in-field during winter provides economic advantages to agricultural producers over feeding the cattle in confined corrals by eliminating the extra work and cost associated with feed transport and manure management. Despite the economic advantages; wintering grounds for livestock operations can have profound impacts on water quality. Animal waste accumulated during winter can be transported to surface water with spring snowmelt. The potential impact on snowmelt runoff quality of winter in-field bale-grazing under the cold climate of Saskatchewan is being evaluated under the Saskatchewan component of the Canada-wide Watershed Evaluation of Beneficial Management Practices (WEBs) program which is located in the Pipestone Creek watershed. This study is intended to complement the Saskatchewan WEBs project and it aims to support the evaluation of in-field bale-grazing during winter. The design of the Saskatchewan WEBs project enabled the evaluation of in-field bale-grazing during winter (W) compared to the conventional manure management practice associated with wintering cattle in confined corrals, where the manure piled during winter is spread on field in the fall (F). The control fields did not receive any animal waste beyond the spring and summer grazing season. The data collected over three years showed that adding extra animal waste to the field past the grazing season can significantly increase the number of bacteria in snowmelt runoff despite the age of the waste. The wintering fields (W) reported the highest flow-weighted count over the years (2674 CFU/100ml). However, the mean count of FC from W fields (497 CFU/100ml) was not significantly different (p=0.74>0.05) from the F fields (364 CFU/100 ml). The mean count of FC in snowmelt runoff from the control fields (110 CFU/100ml) can be well below the recreational water standards of 200 CFU/100 ml. As a result, feeding the animal in confinements during winter and spreading the collected manure on field the next fall may result in the same microbial pollution as that associated with the animal grazing in-field during winter. The study recommends including microbial pollution in the evaluation of beneficial management practices on pasture."]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["Survival and Overland Transport of Fecal Coliform under Canadian Prairie Conditions"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor.advisor":["McMartin, Dena","Cade-Menun, Barbara"],"dc:contributor.committeemember":["Hardenbicker, Ulrike","Ng, Tsun Wai Kelvin","Yost, Christopher"],"dc:creator":["Baker-Ismail, Samar Ali"],"dc:date.accessioned":["2017-06-19T22:23:13Z"],"dc:date.available":["2017-06-19T22:23:13Z"],"dc:date.issued":["2016-12"],"dc:description":["A Thesis Submitted to the Faculty of Graduate Studies and Research in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Environmental Systems Engineering, University of Regina. x, 146 p."],"dc:description.abstract":["In-field winter feeding of cattle is becoming a common practice in the Canadian Prairie. Cattle feeding in-field during winter provides economic advantages to agricultural producers over feeding the cattle in confined corrals by eliminating the extra work and cost associated with feed transport and manure management. Despite the economic advantages; wintering grounds for livestock operations can have profound impacts on water quality. Animal waste accumulated during winter can be transported to surface water with spring snowmelt. The potential impact on snowmelt runoff quality of winter in-field bale-grazing under the cold climate of Saskatchewan is being evaluated under the Saskatchewan component of the Canada-wide Watershed Evaluation of Beneficial Management Practices (WEBs) program which is located in the Pipestone Creek watershed. This study is intended to complement the Saskatchewan WEBs project and it aims to support the evaluation of in-field bale-grazing during winter. The design of the Saskatchewan WEBs project enabled the evaluation of in-field bale-grazing during winter (W) compared to the conventional manure management practice associated with wintering cattle in confined corrals, where the manure piled during winter is spread on field in the fall (F). The control fields did not receive any animal waste beyond the spring and summer grazing season. The data collected over three years showed that adding extra animal waste to the field past the grazing season can significantly increase the number of bacteria in snowmelt runoff despite the age of the waste. The wintering fields (W) reported the highest flow-weighted count over the years (2674 CFU/100ml). However, the mean count of FC from W fields (497 CFU/100ml) was not significantly different (p=0.74>0.05) from the F fields (364 CFU/100 ml). The mean count of FC in snowmelt runoff from the control fields (110 CFU/100ml) can be well below the recreational water standards of 200 CFU/100 ml. As a result, feeding the animal in confinements during winter and spreading the collected manure on field the next fall may result in the same microbial pollution as that associated with the animal grazing in-field during winter. The study recommends including microbial pollution in the evaluation of beneficial management practices on pasture."],"dc:identifier.doi":["https://doi.org/10.82465/4215"],"dc:identifier.uri":["https://hdl.handle.net/10294/7680"],"dc:language.iso":["en"],"dc:publisher":["Faculty of Graduate Studies and Research, University of Regina"],"dc:title":["Survival and Overland Transport of Fecal Coliform under Canadian Prairie Conditions"],"dc:type":["master thesis"],"thesis:degree_discipline":["Engineering - Environmental Systems"],"thesis:degree_level":["Doctoral -- first"],"thesis:degree_name":["Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)"],"thesis:institution_name":["Faculty of Graduate Studies and Research, University of Regina"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-24T04:03:34Z"}