{"id":{"repo_id":"qu-belfast","oai_identifier":"oai:pure.qub.ac.uk/portal:studenttheses/c248daa4-901f-4eb4-a6e0-2077adbeb9e0"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/qu-belfast/oai:pure.qub.ac.uk/portal:studenttheses/c248daa4-901f-4eb4-a6e0-2077adbeb9e0","repository":{"repo_id":"qu-belfast","name":"Queen's University Belfast","base_url":"https://pureadmin.qub.ac.uk/ws/oai"},"display":{"title":"Determining molecular chirality with femtosecond LASERs","abstract":"More than 200 years since its first discovery Chirality remains one of the most challenging aspects of analytical chemistry. As chiral enantiomers share almost all physical properties they are only distinguishable through interaction with another chiral system, be it chiral molecules or circularly polarised light. Differences in the real and imaginary parts of the refractive index between right and left circularly polarised light are very small, around 0.01%. The result is conventional circular dichroism effects are slow and insensitive, producing asymmetries on the order of 0.1%. <br/><br/>However the PhotoElectron Circular Dichroism effect first measured in 2001 exhibits a large asymmetry in the photoelectron angular distribution on the order of 10%. By coupling this PECD effect with multiphoton ionisation using femtosceond LASERs, it is possible to study the ultrafast dynamics of these chiral molecules.<br/><br/> In this thesis I present a simple device created at QUB that is capable of measuring the PECD effect using stereo-electron detection to directly measure the forward and backward emitted electrons. Using this device, I will demonstrate that PECD is measurable in pharmaceutically interesting molecules for the first time, as well as discovering a new phenomenom in collaboration with the University of Bordeaux, dubbed PhotoElectron Elliptical Dichroism. The possibility of this PEELD technique being used to measure induced, dynamic chirality is trialled. On top of this, we go through the design and evolution of an even smaller, more compact device for measuring PECD.","abstract_html":"More than 200 years since its first discovery Chirality remains one of the most challenging aspects of analytical chemistry. As chiral enantiomers share almost all physical properties they are only distinguishable through interaction with another chiral system, be it chiral molecules or circularly polarised light. Differences in the real and imaginary parts of the refractive index between right and left circularly polarised light are very small, around 0.01%. The result is conventional circular dichroism effects are slow and insensitive, producing asymmetries on the order of 0.1%. &lt;br/&gt;&lt;br/&gt;However the PhotoElectron Circular Dichroism effect first measured in 2001 exhibits a large asymmetry in the photoelectron angular distribution on the order of 10%. By coupling this PECD effect with multiphoton ionisation using femtosceond LASERs, it is possible to study the ultrafast dynamics of these chiral molecules.&lt;br/&gt;&lt;br/&gt; In this thesis I present a simple device created at QUB that is capable of measuring the PECD effect using stereo-electron detection to directly measure the forward and backward emitted electrons. Using this device, I will demonstrate that PECD is measurable in pharmaceutically interesting molecules for the first time, as well as discovering a new phenomenom in collaboration with the University of Bordeaux, dubbed PhotoElectron Elliptical Dichroism. The possibility of this PEELD technique being used to measure induced, dynamic chirality is trialled. On top of this, we go through the design and evolution of an even smaller, more compact device for measuring PECD.","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Bond, Caoimhe"],"institution":"Queen's University Belfast","degree_name":"Doctor of Philosophy","degree_level":"Doctoral Thesis","degree_discipline":null,"degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":[],"advisors":["Greenwood, Jason","Williams, Ian"],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2021,"date_issued":"2021-7","date_published":"2021-7","updated_at":"2026-07-24T03:55:58Z","subjects":["Chirality","molecular physics","PECD","femtosecond LASERs"],"languages":["eng"],"rights":[],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["oai:pure.qub.ac.uk/portal:studenttheses/c248daa4-901f-4eb4-a6e0-2077adbeb9e0"],"render_values":[{"text":"oai:pure.qub.ac.uk/portal:studenttheses/c248daa4-901f-4eb4-a6e0-2077adbeb9e0","href":null,"code":true}]}]},"links":{"outbound_url":"https://pure.qub.ac.uk/en/studentTheses/c248daa4-901f-4eb4-a6e0-2077adbeb9e0","outbound_label":"Repository record","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor.advisor","label":"Advisor","values":["Greenwood, Jason","Williams, Ian"]},{"key":"dc:contributor.sponsor","label":"Sponsor","values":["Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Bond, Caoimhe"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date","label":"Dc Date","values":["2021-7"]},{"key":"dc:date.issued","label":"Date","values":["2021-7"]},{"key":"dc:publisher.department","label":"Dc Publisher Department","values":["School of Mathematics and Physics"]},{"key":"dc:publisher.institution","label":"Dc Publisher Institution","values":["Queen's University Belfast"]},{"key":"dc:relation.isreferencedby","label":"Dc Relation Isreferencedby","values":["https://pure.qub.ac.uk/en/studentTheses/c248daa4-901f-4eb4-a6e0-2077adbeb9e0"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["Thesis"]},{"key":"dc:type.qualificationlevel","label":"Dc Type Qualificationlevel","values":["Doctoral Thesis"]},{"key":"dc:type.qualificationname","label":"Dc Type Qualificationname","values":["Doctor of Philosophy"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["Chirality","molecular physics","PECD","femtosecond LASERs"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:language","label":"Dc Language","values":["eng"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["oai:pure.qub.ac.uk/portal:studenttheses/c248daa4-901f-4eb4-a6e0-2077adbeb9e0","https://pure.qub.ac.uk/en/studentTheses/c248daa4-901f-4eb4-a6e0-2077adbeb9e0"]},{"key":"dc:identifier.uri","label":"Identifier URI","values":["https://pure.qub.ac.uk/files/238774588/CaoimheBond_Thesis.pdf"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description.abstract","label":"Abstract","values":["More than 200 years since its first discovery Chirality remains one of the most challenging aspects of analytical chemistry. As chiral enantiomers share almost all physical properties they are only distinguishable through interaction with another chiral system, be it chiral molecules or circularly polarised light. Differences in the real and imaginary parts of the refractive index between right and left circularly polarised light are very small, around 0.01%. The result is conventional circular dichroism effects are slow and insensitive, producing asymmetries on the order of 0.1%. <br/><br/>However the PhotoElectron Circular Dichroism effect first measured in 2001 exhibits a large asymmetry in the photoelectron angular distribution on the order of 10%. By coupling this PECD effect with multiphoton ionisation using femtosceond LASERs, it is possible to study the ultrafast dynamics of these chiral molecules.<br/><br/> In this thesis I present a simple device created at QUB that is capable of measuring the PECD effect using stereo-electron detection to directly measure the forward and backward emitted electrons. Using this device, I will demonstrate that PECD is measurable in pharmaceutically interesting molecules for the first time, as well as discovering a new phenomenom in collaboration with the University of Bordeaux, dubbed PhotoElectron Elliptical Dichroism. The possibility of this PEELD technique being used to measure induced, dynamic chirality is trialled. On top of this, we go through the design and evolution of an even smaller, more compact device for measuring PECD."]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["Determining molecular chirality with femtosecond LASERs"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor.advisor":["Greenwood, Jason","Williams, Ian"],"dc:contributor.sponsor":["Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"],"dc:creator":["Bond, Caoimhe"],"dc:date":["2021-7"],"dc:date.issued":["2021-7"],"dc:description.abstract":["More than 200 years since its first discovery Chirality remains one of the most challenging aspects of analytical chemistry. As chiral enantiomers share almost all physical properties they are only distinguishable through interaction with another chiral system, be it chiral molecules or circularly polarised light. Differences in the real and imaginary parts of the refractive index between right and left circularly polarised light are very small, around 0.01%. The result is conventional circular dichroism effects are slow and insensitive, producing asymmetries on the order of 0.1%. <br/><br/>However the PhotoElectron Circular Dichroism effect first measured in 2001 exhibits a large asymmetry in the photoelectron angular distribution on the order of 10%. By coupling this PECD effect with multiphoton ionisation using femtosceond LASERs, it is possible to study the ultrafast dynamics of these chiral molecules.<br/><br/> In this thesis I present a simple device created at QUB that is capable of measuring the PECD effect using stereo-electron detection to directly measure the forward and backward emitted electrons. Using this device, I will demonstrate that PECD is measurable in pharmaceutically interesting molecules for the first time, as well as discovering a new phenomenom in collaboration with the University of Bordeaux, dubbed PhotoElectron Elliptical Dichroism. The possibility of this PEELD technique being used to measure induced, dynamic chirality is trialled. On top of this, we go through the design and evolution of an even smaller, more compact device for measuring PECD."],"dc:identifier":["oai:pure.qub.ac.uk/portal:studenttheses/c248daa4-901f-4eb4-a6e0-2077adbeb9e0","https://pure.qub.ac.uk/en/studentTheses/c248daa4-901f-4eb4-a6e0-2077adbeb9e0"],"dc:identifier.uri":["https://pure.qub.ac.uk/files/238774588/CaoimheBond_Thesis.pdf"],"dc:language":["eng"],"dc:publisher.department":["School of Mathematics and Physics"],"dc:publisher.institution":["Queen's University Belfast"],"dc:relation.isreferencedby":["https://pure.qub.ac.uk/en/studentTheses/c248daa4-901f-4eb4-a6e0-2077adbeb9e0"],"dc:subject":["Chirality","molecular physics","PECD","femtosecond LASERs"],"dc:title":["Determining molecular chirality with femtosecond LASERs"],"dc:type":["Thesis"],"dc:type.qualificationlevel":["Doctoral Thesis"],"dc:type.qualificationname":["Doctor of Philosophy"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-24T03:55:58Z"}