Economic studies of chronic kidney disease
type: CreativeWork
description: Approximately 9% of the global population has chronic kidney disease (CKD). Patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD), the most advanced form of CKD, comprise 0.15% of the global population but consume 2-4% healthcare budgets. While the impact of CKD and ESRD are experienced most immediately by people with these diseases, the impact extends beyond them to include the healthcare system and wider society in terms of, for example, the costs and legal framework that are required to ensure good governance around organ donation. These impacts vary between countries, depending, inter alia, on access to resources and societal attitudes. It is important to investigate and compare impacts across contexts in order to improve our understanding. This PhD examined distinct aspects of these impacts across contexts using a variety of analytic approaches. Chapter 2 examined the relationship between health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and CKD severity, and the consequent economic impact due to reduced HRQoL among a representative sample of community dwelling adults in the United Kingdom. The evident decline in HRQoL among people even with milder stages of CKD underscored the importance of primary prevention, early diagnosis and secondary prevention in reducing the impact of CKD. As ESRD is expensive and access to renal replacement therapies (RRTs) is limited in many circumstances, there is considerable potential for disparities to occur in relation to the management of ESRD. Chapter 3 examined disparities among ESRD inpatients taking into account changes in the policy context in the United States of America. Significant racial disparities regarding recorded anaemia, a modifiable and common complication of CKD, were observed. Not only did Native Americans as a group experience the worst outcomes but their relative position declined after changes to policy. Chapter 3 underlined unintended consequences of policy changes that may have been preventable. Complementing global efforts …
abstract: Approximately 9% of the global population has chronic kidney disease (CKD). Patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD), the most advanced form of CKD, comprise 0.15% of the global population but consume 2-4% healthcare budgets. While the impact of CKD and ESRD are experienced most immediately by people with these diseases, the impact extends beyond them to include the healthcare system and wider society in terms of, for example, the costs and legal framework that are required to ensure good governance around organ donation. These impacts vary between countries, depending, inter alia, on access to resources and societal attitudes. It is important to investigate and compare impacts across contexts in order to improve our understanding. This PhD examined distinct aspects of these impacts across contexts using a variety of analytic approaches. Chapter 2 examined the relationship between health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and CKD severity, and the consequent economic impact due to reduced HRQoL among a representative sample of community dwelling adults in the United Kingdom. The evident decline in HRQoL among people even with milder stages of CKD underscored the importance of primary prevention, early diagnosis and secondary prevention in reducing the impact of CKD. As ESRD is expensive and access to renal replacement therapies (RRTs) is limited in many circumstances, there is considerable potential for disparities to occur in relation to the management of ESRD. Chapter 3 examined disparities among ESRD inpatients taking into account changes in the policy context in the United States of America. Significant racial disparities regarding recorded anaemia, a modifiable and common complication of CKD, were observed. Not only did Native Americans as a group experience the worst outcomes but their relative position declined after changes to policy. Chapter 3 underlined unintended consequences of policy changes that may have been preventable. Complementing global efforts …
author: Nguyen, Nga
language: eng
keywords: chronic kidney disease, end-stage renal disease, health economics, living donor kidney transplantation, health-related quality of life, policy impact, support for donation
date published: 2020-12
date modified: 2026-07-24T03:55:31Z
provider: Queen's University Belfast
publisher: Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations
type: WebPage
source organization: Queen's University Belfast