{"id":{"repo_id":"qu-belfast","oai_identifier":"oai:pure.qub.ac.uk/portal:studenttheses/5c701a9a-2521-481b-ad26-820956cc7ba7"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/qu-belfast/oai:pure.qub.ac.uk/portal:studenttheses/5c701a9a-2521-481b-ad26-820956cc7ba7","repository":{"repo_id":"qu-belfast","name":"Queen's University Belfast","base_url":"https://pureadmin.qub.ac.uk/ws/oai"},"display":{"title":"Medications, sex hormones and reproductive factors in relation to gastro-oesophageal cancer risk and survival","abstract":"Gastro-oesophageal cancer is a major health problem. The overall objectives of this thesis were to investigate novel risk factors for gastro-oesophageal cancer risk and progression, in particular focusing on commonly used medications, sex hormones, hormonal and reproductive factors.
In vitro experiments have shown furosemide inhibited gastro-oesophageal cancer cell proliferation. However, the association between furosemide use and gastro- oesophageal cancer survival in humans has not been studied. A cohort study using UK primary care records from the Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD) database was conducted to examine this association and found furosemide did not improve gastro-oesophageal cancer survival. Also within the CPRD database, use of medications with sex hormonal effects in relation to gastro-oesophageal cancer progression was examined with a particular focus on hormonal replacement therapy (HRT) because published reviews have suggested HRT should not be used in patients with gastric cancer. This thesis did not show any evidence that HRT was associated with worse survival in patients with gastro-oesophageal cancer.
The current thesis conducted a nested case-control study using Primary Care Clinical Informatics Unit (PCCIU) database and a cohort study using the UK Biobank to assess the association between acid-suppression therapy and gastro-oesophageal cancer risk. The finding showed an increased risk of gastro-oesophageal cancer in patients using proton pump inhibitors and/or histamine-2 receptor antagonists but, particularly for gastric cancer, these associations appeared consistent with confounding by indications rather than a real causal association.
The apparent sex-disparities in gastro-oesophageal cancer risk remain largely unexplained. The current thesis investigated pre-diagnostic circulating sex hormones and gastro-oesophageal cancer risk using the UK Biobank, and showed sex hormone binding globulin was positively associated with gastric cancer risk in men and suggested a role of testosterone in oesophageal cancer. Also, this thesis explored a variety of female reproductive factors in relation to the risk of gastro-oesophageal cancer mortality in the China Kadoorie Biobank. Only higher number of pregnancies and induced abortions were found to be associated with reduced risk of gastric cancer mortality.
In summary, the current thesis has contributed to the literature by identifying exposures which could influence gastro-oesophageal cancer risk and progression. Future studies are required to replicate the novel associations observed.
","abstract_html":"Gastro-oesophageal cancer is a major health problem. The overall objectives of this thesis were to investigate novel risk factors for gastro-oesophageal cancer risk and progression, in particular focusing on commonly used medications, sex hormones, hormonal and reproductive factors.<br/><br/>In vitro experiments have shown furosemide inhibited gastro-oesophageal cancer cell proliferation. However, the association between furosemide use and gastro- oesophageal cancer survival in humans has not been studied. A cohort study using UK primary care records from the Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD) database was conducted to examine this association and found furosemide did not improve gastro-oesophageal cancer survival. Also within the CPRD database, use of medications with sex hormonal effects in relation to gastro-oesophageal cancer progression was examined with a particular focus on hormonal replacement therapy (HRT) because published reviews have suggested HRT should not be used in patients with gastric cancer. This thesis did not show any evidence that HRT was associated with worse survival in patients with gastro-oesophageal cancer.<br/><br/>The current thesis conducted a nested case-control study using Primary Care Clinical Informatics Unit (PCCIU) database and a cohort study using the UK Biobank to assess the association between acid-suppression therapy and gastro-oesophageal cancer risk. The finding showed an increased risk of gastro-oesophageal cancer in patients using proton pump inhibitors and/or histamine-2 receptor antagonists but, particularly for gastric cancer, these associations appeared consistent with confounding by indications rather than a real causal association.<br/><br/>The apparent sex-disparities in gastro-oesophageal cancer risk remain largely unexplained. The current thesis investigated pre-diagnostic circulating sex hormones and gastro-oesophageal cancer risk using the UK Biobank, and showed sex hormone binding globulin was positively associated with gastric cancer risk in men and suggested a role of testosterone in oesophageal cancer. Also, this thesis explored a variety of female reproductive factors in relation to the risk of gastro-oesophageal cancer mortality in the China Kadoorie Biobank. Only higher number of pregnancies and induced abortions were found to be associated with reduced risk of gastric cancer mortality.<br/><br/>In summary, the current thesis has contributed to the literature by identifying exposures which could influence gastro-oesophageal cancer risk and progression. Future studies are required to replicate the novel associations observed.<br/><br/><br/>","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Liu, Peipei"],"institution":"Queen's University Belfast","degree_name":"Doctor of Philosophy","degree_level":"Doctoral Thesis","degree_discipline":null,"degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":[],"advisors":["Cardwell, Christopher","Coleman, Helen","McMenamin, Una"],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2021,"date_issued":"2021-12","date_published":"2021-12","updated_at":"2026-07-24T03:56:04Z","subjects":["Gastric cancer","oesophageal cancer","epidemiology","hormones","medications","risk factor"],"languages":["eng"],"rights":[],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["oai:pure.qub.ac.uk/portal:studenttheses/5c701a9a-2521-481b-ad26-820956cc7ba7"],"render_values":[{"text":"oai:pure.qub.ac.uk/portal:studenttheses/5c701a9a-2521-481b-ad26-820956cc7ba7","href":null,"code":true}]}]},"links":{"outbound_url":"https://pure.qub.ac.uk/en/studentTheses/5c701a9a-2521-481b-ad26-820956cc7ba7","outbound_label":"Repository record","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor.advisor","label":"Advisor","values":["Cardwell, Christopher","Coleman, Helen","McMenamin, Una"]},{"key":"dc:contributor.sponsor","label":"Sponsor","values":["China Scholarship Council"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Liu, Peipei"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date","label":"Dc Date","values":["2021-12"]},{"key":"dc:date.issued","label":"Date","values":["2021-12"]},{"key":"dc:publisher.department","label":"Dc Publisher Department","values":["School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences"]},{"key":"dc:publisher.institution","label":"Dc Publisher Institution","values":["Queen's University Belfast"]},{"key":"dc:relation.isreferencedby","label":"Dc Relation Isreferencedby","values":["https://pure.qub.ac.uk/en/studentTheses/5c701a9a-2521-481b-ad26-820956cc7ba7"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["Thesis"]},{"key":"dc:type.qualificationlevel","label":"Dc Type Qualificationlevel","values":["Doctoral Thesis"]},{"key":"dc:type.qualificationname","label":"Dc Type Qualificationname","values":["Doctor of Philosophy"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["Gastric cancer","oesophageal cancer","epidemiology","hormones","medications","risk factor"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:language","label":"Dc Language","values":["eng"]},{"key":"dc:rights.embargodate","label":"Dc Rights Embargodate","values":["2022-12-31"]},{"key":"dc:rights.embargoreason","label":"Dc Rights Embargoreason","values":["/dk/atira/pure/core/document/studentthesisembargoreason/publicationissues"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["oai:pure.qub.ac.uk/portal:studenttheses/5c701a9a-2521-481b-ad26-820956cc7ba7","https://pure.qub.ac.uk/en/studentTheses/5c701a9a-2521-481b-ad26-820956cc7ba7"]},{"key":"dc:identifier.uri","label":"Identifier URI","values":["https://pure.qub.ac.uk/files/250680759/Thesis_Peipei_Liu.pdf"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description.abstract","label":"Abstract","values":["Gastro-oesophageal cancer is a major health problem. The overall objectives of this thesis were to investigate novel risk factors for gastro-oesophageal cancer risk and progression, in particular focusing on commonly used medications, sex hormones, hormonal and reproductive factors.
In vitro experiments have shown furosemide inhibited gastro-oesophageal cancer cell proliferation. However, the association between furosemide use and gastro- oesophageal cancer survival in humans has not been studied. A cohort study using UK primary care records from the Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD) database was conducted to examine this association and found furosemide did not improve gastro-oesophageal cancer survival. Also within the CPRD database, use of medications with sex hormonal effects in relation to gastro-oesophageal cancer progression was examined with a particular focus on hormonal replacement therapy (HRT) because published reviews have suggested HRT should not be used in patients with gastric cancer. This thesis did not show any evidence that HRT was associated with worse survival in patients with gastro-oesophageal cancer.
The current thesis conducted a nested case-control study using Primary Care Clinical Informatics Unit (PCCIU) database and a cohort study using the UK Biobank to assess the association between acid-suppression therapy and gastro-oesophageal cancer risk. The finding showed an increased risk of gastro-oesophageal cancer in patients using proton pump inhibitors and/or histamine-2 receptor antagonists but, particularly for gastric cancer, these associations appeared consistent with confounding by indications rather than a real causal association.
The apparent sex-disparities in gastro-oesophageal cancer risk remain largely unexplained. The current thesis investigated pre-diagnostic circulating sex hormones and gastro-oesophageal cancer risk using the UK Biobank, and showed sex hormone binding globulin was positively associated with gastric cancer risk in men and suggested a role of testosterone in oesophageal cancer. Also, this thesis explored a variety of female reproductive factors in relation to the risk of gastro-oesophageal cancer mortality in the China Kadoorie Biobank. Only higher number of pregnancies and induced abortions were found to be associated with reduced risk of gastric cancer mortality.
In summary, the current thesis has contributed to the literature by identifying exposures which could influence gastro-oesophageal cancer risk and progression. Future studies are required to replicate the novel associations observed.
"]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["Medications, sex hormones and reproductive factors in relation to gastro-oesophageal cancer risk and survival"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor.advisor":["Cardwell, Christopher","Coleman, Helen","McMenamin, Una"],"dc:contributor.sponsor":["China Scholarship Council"],"dc:creator":["Liu, Peipei"],"dc:date":["2021-12"],"dc:date.issued":["2021-12"],"dc:description.abstract":["Gastro-oesophageal cancer is a major health problem. The overall objectives of this thesis were to investigate novel risk factors for gastro-oesophageal cancer risk and progression, in particular focusing on commonly used medications, sex hormones, hormonal and reproductive factors.
In vitro experiments have shown furosemide inhibited gastro-oesophageal cancer cell proliferation. However, the association between furosemide use and gastro- oesophageal cancer survival in humans has not been studied. A cohort study using UK primary care records from the Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD) database was conducted to examine this association and found furosemide did not improve gastro-oesophageal cancer survival. Also within the CPRD database, use of medications with sex hormonal effects in relation to gastro-oesophageal cancer progression was examined with a particular focus on hormonal replacement therapy (HRT) because published reviews have suggested HRT should not be used in patients with gastric cancer. This thesis did not show any evidence that HRT was associated with worse survival in patients with gastro-oesophageal cancer.
The current thesis conducted a nested case-control study using Primary Care Clinical Informatics Unit (PCCIU) database and a cohort study using the UK Biobank to assess the association between acid-suppression therapy and gastro-oesophageal cancer risk. The finding showed an increased risk of gastro-oesophageal cancer in patients using proton pump inhibitors and/or histamine-2 receptor antagonists but, particularly for gastric cancer, these associations appeared consistent with confounding by indications rather than a real causal association.
The apparent sex-disparities in gastro-oesophageal cancer risk remain largely unexplained. The current thesis investigated pre-diagnostic circulating sex hormones and gastro-oesophageal cancer risk using the UK Biobank, and showed sex hormone binding globulin was positively associated with gastric cancer risk in men and suggested a role of testosterone in oesophageal cancer. Also, this thesis explored a variety of female reproductive factors in relation to the risk of gastro-oesophageal cancer mortality in the China Kadoorie Biobank. Only higher number of pregnancies and induced abortions were found to be associated with reduced risk of gastric cancer mortality.
In summary, the current thesis has contributed to the literature by identifying exposures which could influence gastro-oesophageal cancer risk and progression. Future studies are required to replicate the novel associations observed.
"],"dc:identifier":["oai:pure.qub.ac.uk/portal:studenttheses/5c701a9a-2521-481b-ad26-820956cc7ba7","https://pure.qub.ac.uk/en/studentTheses/5c701a9a-2521-481b-ad26-820956cc7ba7"],"dc:identifier.uri":["https://pure.qub.ac.uk/files/250680759/Thesis_Peipei_Liu.pdf"],"dc:language":["eng"],"dc:publisher.department":["School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences"],"dc:publisher.institution":["Queen's University Belfast"],"dc:relation.isreferencedby":["https://pure.qub.ac.uk/en/studentTheses/5c701a9a-2521-481b-ad26-820956cc7ba7"],"dc:rights.embargodate":["2022-12-31"],"dc:rights.embargoreason":["/dk/atira/pure/core/document/studentthesisembargoreason/publicationissues"],"dc:subject":["Gastric cancer","oesophageal cancer","epidemiology","hormones","medications","risk factor"],"dc:title":["Medications, sex hormones and reproductive factors in relation to gastro-oesophageal cancer risk and survival"],"dc:type":["Thesis"],"dc:type.qualificationlevel":["Doctoral Thesis"],"dc:type.qualificationname":["Doctor of Philosophy"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-24T03:56:04Z"}