Regulation of The Expression and Lysine Acetylation of Pro-Inflammatory Molecules By Lipid-Modifying Enzyme (LPCAT2) in RAW264.7 Cells
type: CreativeWork
description: Lysophosphatidylcholine Acyltransferases (LPCATs) are Lipid modifying enzymes that significantly regulate changes in the glycerophospholipid components of the macrophage membrane phospholipid bilayer. LPCAT2 is a subtype of LPCAT that regulates inflammatory responses to infection by lipopolysaccharides and lipopeptides. LPCAT2 co-localises with TLR4 and prevents its translocation to the signalling site (lipid rafts) of macrophage membranes. The first response to inflammation involves infiltration of macrophages to the infected site, where they fight infection by phagocytosing the microbial pathogen. Changes in the macrophage membrane phospholipid bilayer are essential for phagocytosis and receptor signalling. Regulation of protein acylation is also an integral mechanism for macrophage function. LPCAT2 influences acylation of proteins such as RNF19B – An E3 Ubiquitin Ligase. This research aims to understand further the molecular mechanisms of the enzyme – LPCAT2, that leads to its involvement in regulating macrophage inflammatory responses. Building on pre-existing work on the role of LPCAT2 in inflammation, the primary research question is – “How Does LPCAT2 regulate the expression and function of receptors that mediate macrophage inflammatory responses?” Comparison of the expression of proteins and genes in RAW264.7 cells with or without LPCAT2 silenced determined the possible mechanisms by which LPCAT2 regulates inflammation in macrophages. This study analysed the expression of TLR4 and its co-receptors (CD14 and MD2) – which play a significant role in macrophage inflammatory responses to infection by gram-negative bacteria. The expression of inflammatory cytokines such as IL6, TNFα, IP10, and IFNβ, which are synthesised following activation of TLR4, was also studied. Furthermore, the influence of LPCAT2 in the expression and function of acylated proteins such as RNF19B was studied. Analysis of the regulation of lysine acetylation by LPCAT2 helps to understand the…
abstract: Lysophosphatidylcholine Acyltransferases (LPCATs) are Lipid modifying enzymes that significantly regulate changes in the glycerophospholipid components of the macrophage membrane phospholipid bilayer. LPCAT2 is a subtype of LPCAT that regulates inflammatory responses to infection by lipopolysaccharides and lipopeptides. LPCAT2 co-localises with TLR4 and prevents its translocation to the signalling site (lipid rafts) of macrophage membranes. The first response to inflammation involves infiltration of macrophages to the infected site, where they fight infection by phagocytosing the microbial pathogen. Changes in the macrophage membrane phospholipid bilayer are essential for phagocytosis and receptor signalling. Regulation of protein acylation is also an integral mechanism for macrophage function. LPCAT2 influences acylation of proteins such as RNF19B – An E3 Ubiquitin Ligase. This research aims to understand further the molecular mechanisms of the enzyme – LPCAT2, that leads to its involvement in regulating macrophage inflammatory responses. Building on pre-existing work on the role of LPCAT2 in inflammation, the primary research question is – “How Does LPCAT2 regulate the expression and function of receptors that mediate macrophage inflammatory responses?” Comparison of the expression of proteins and genes in RAW264.7 cells with or without LPCAT2 silenced determined the possible mechanisms by which LPCAT2 regulates inflammation in macrophages. This study analysed the expression of TLR4 and its co-receptors (CD14 and MD2) – which play a significant role in macrophage inflammatory responses to infection by gram-negative bacteria. The expression of inflammatory cytokines such as IL6, TNFα, IP10, and IFNβ, which are synthesised following activation of TLR4, was also studied. Furthermore, the influence of LPCAT2 in the expression and function of acylated proteins such as RNF19B was studied. Analysis of the regulation of lysine acetylation by LPCAT2 helps to understand the…
author: Poloamina, Victory Ibigo
language: eng
keywords: LPCAT2, Macrophage, Signalling, Phospholipid, CD14, RNF19B, TLR, Lipopeptide, Lipopolysaccharide, PolyIC
date published: 2021-01-01T08:00:00Z
date modified: 2026-07-24T03:50:23Z
provider: University of Plymouth
publisher: Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations
type: WebPage
source organization: University of Plymouth