Surgical Factors Related to Peri-Implant Diseases
type: CreativeWork
description: ABSTRACT Objective The following study aims to highlight the variables that occur during implant surgery which may contribute to peri-implant disease. Material and methods This retrospective study was first approved by the University of Pennsylvania IRB (#854482). Data was collected from the electronic health record from a total of 309 patients and 1004 implants placed between 2010 and 2023 who were pre-screened as a part of the Arestin study IRB (#815821) and later approved for this study. Data was extracted from clinical notes, radiographs, and periodontal records, with 96 variables assessed per implant using Microsoft Excel. Three researchers conducted a partially-blinded review, and statistical analysis was performed by an investigator using JMP Pro 17.7. Linear regression, ANOVA, Chi-Squared and T-testing were used, with significance set at p < 0.05. Surgical variables analyzed included depth of implant placement, mesio-distal spacing to adjacent teeth or implants, insertion torque, and surgical approach (single vs. two-stage). Additional implant-related and restorative data was recorded, but this study focuses exclusively on surgical factors. Results Peri-implant disease was present in two-thirds of implants, with one in seven meeting criteria for peri-implantitis. Subcrestal implant placement showed a weak positive correlation with increased probing depths but a negative trend with marginal bone loss, suggesting potential bone preservation. Greater inter-implant distances were associated with reduced distal bone loss, supporting the 3 mm spacing guideline. In contrast, increased distance from adjacent teeth showed a weak association with greater bone loss. A weak positive correlation between insertion torque and bone loss percentage was seen although the results were widely scattered. Conclusion This retrospective study suggests that subcrestal implant placement and increased inter-implant distance may support crestal bone preservation. Though probing depths …
abstract: ABSTRACT Objective The following study aims to highlight the variables that occur during implant surgery which may contribute to peri-implant disease. Material and methods This retrospective study was first approved by the University of Pennsylvania IRB (#854482). Data was collected from the electronic health record from a total of 309 patients and 1004 implants placed between 2010 and 2023 who were pre-screened as a part of the Arestin study IRB (#815821) and later approved for this study. Data was extracted from clinical notes, radiographs, and periodontal records, with 96 variables assessed per implant using Microsoft Excel. Three researchers conducted a partially-blinded review, and statistical analysis was performed by an investigator using JMP Pro 17.7. Linear regression, ANOVA, Chi-Squared and T-testing were used, with significance set at p < 0.05. Surgical variables analyzed included depth of implant placement, mesio-distal spacing to adjacent teeth or implants, insertion torque, and surgical approach (single vs. two-stage). Additional implant-related and restorative data was recorded, but this study focuses exclusively on surgical factors. Results Peri-implant disease was present in two-thirds of implants, with one in seven meeting criteria for peri-implantitis. Subcrestal implant placement showed a weak positive correlation with increased probing depths but a negative trend with marginal bone loss, suggesting potential bone preservation. Greater inter-implant distances were associated with reduced distal bone loss, supporting the 3 mm spacing guideline. In contrast, increased distance from adjacent teeth showed a weak association with greater bone loss. A weak positive correlation between insertion torque and bone loss percentage was seen although the results were widely scattered. Conclusion This retrospective study suggests that subcrestal implant placement and increased inter-implant distance may support crestal bone preservation. Though probing depths …
author: Reyhani, Dorrin
language: en
keywords: Dentistry
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date published: 2025
date modified: 2026-07-24T03:47:06Z
provider: University of Pennsylvania
publisher: Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations
type: WebPage
source organization: University of Pennsylvania