Investigating the Role of Exercise-Induced Circulating Extracellular Vesicles in Adult Myogenesis and Neurogenesis
type: CreativeWork
description: Physical activity brings about a widespread physiological response and elicits the benecial adaptation of several tissues and organs. Furthermore, regular participation in physical activity reduces the risk of developing major non-communicable diseases such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, cancer, osteoporosis, and dementia. Two important processes known to occur following physical activity are adult myogenesis and adult neurogenesis; both of which involve the activation and proliferation of specialised tissue-resident stem cells, which subsequently integrate into the existing tissue by dierentiating into mature functional cells. The molecular mechanisms regulating these processes following exercise are poorly understood to date. A possible contributing mechanism is the release of extracellular vesicles into the circulation during exercise: in many physiological and pathological conditions these vesicles carry functional cargo molecules which are protected from degradation in the circulating milieu by a robust lipid bilayer, enabling them to transfer signals over long distances and generate phenotypic changes in recipient cells. The origin and functional signicance of circulating extracellular vesicles remain virtually unexplored in the context of physical activity and adult myogenesis or neurogenesis. This project therefore aimed to enrich and count small circulating extracellular vesicles from healthy rested and exercised volunteers, and to assess their eects on recipient muscle and neural stem cell proliferation and dierentiation. Potential mechanistic actions were also explored by proteomic analyses. The number of circulating extracellular vesicles did not increase following moderate intensity cycling exercise, but the proliferation of myoblasts treated with these vesicles did. Moreover, proteomic analysis of myoblasts treated with post-exercise vesicles revealed an increase in several post-translational modications indicative of ERK1/2 and Akt pathway activ…
abstract: Physical activity brings about a widespread physiological response and elicits the benecial adaptation of several tissues and organs. Furthermore, regular participation in physical activity reduces the risk of developing major non-communicable diseases such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, cancer, osteoporosis, and dementia. Two important processes known to occur following physical activity are adult myogenesis and adult neurogenesis; both of which involve the activation and proliferation of specialised tissue-resident stem cells, which subsequently integrate into the existing tissue by dierentiating into mature functional cells. The molecular mechanisms regulating these processes following exercise are poorly understood to date. A possible contributing mechanism is the release of extracellular vesicles into the circulation during exercise: in many physiological and pathological conditions these vesicles carry functional cargo molecules which are protected from degradation in the circulating milieu by a robust lipid bilayer, enabling them to transfer signals over long distances and generate phenotypic changes in recipient cells. The origin and functional signicance of circulating extracellular vesicles remain virtually unexplored in the context of physical activity and adult myogenesis or neurogenesis. This project therefore aimed to enrich and count small circulating extracellular vesicles from healthy rested and exercised volunteers, and to assess their eects on recipient muscle and neural stem cell proliferation and dierentiation. Potential mechanistic actions were also explored by proteomic analyses. The number of circulating extracellular vesicles did not increase following moderate intensity cycling exercise, but the proliferation of myoblasts treated with these vesicles did. Moreover, proteomic analysis of myoblasts treated with post-exercise vesicles revealed an increase in several post-translational modications indicative of ERK1/2 and Akt pathway activ…
author: Paris, Bianca
language: en
date published: 2019
date modified: 2026-07-24T03:43:24Z
provider: Oxford Brookes University
publisher: Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations
type: WebPage
source organization: Oxford Brookes University

PropertyValue
property ID: DOI
value: 10.24384/n0rk-b490