The experiences of nurses with communication encounters when assisting in robotic-assisted surgery (RAS)
Background. Effective communication in the perioperative setting is central to safe patient care and responsive nursing practice. The prevalence of safety-related incidents resulting from communication breakdowns in robotic-assisted surgery is significant. Messages must be clear, brief, and timely to navigate the high-risk, distraction-filled, time-critical robotics environment. Nurses play a primary role in the success of robotics programmes and surgical outcomes. However, few studies have explored the perspective of registered nurses, and none have focused on their experiences of communication. Aim. This study aimed to explore nurses' experiences with communication and their significance in practice and care outcomes during robotic-assisted surgery. Methods. An exploratory qualitative study design with semi-structured interviews has been applied. Nineteen registered nurses with a minimum of six months of experience assisting independently in robotic surgery in hospital settings across the UK were interviewed. Data were analysed using Reflexive Thematic Analysis. Results. Four themes were generated: “Triangulating multiple sources of information,” “Silence: A powerful tool with hidden challenges,” “Helicopter view in overcoming communication barriers”, and “Trust empowers nurses to speak up.” These findings provide evidence of the impact of communication on nursing practice and decision-making, highlighting its importance for patient safety. New communication system models, 'Eco-Space' and ‘Processing model,’ were proposed based on the findings. Conclusions. Nurses ensure patient safety in surgery and maintain effective communication, which is vital for positive surgical outcomes. This study has provided unique insights into nurses’ communication experiences with robotics, helping to improve our understanding of their perspective when assisting in complex robotic environments. Research shows a shift in analysing patient safety and human factors, emphasising the importance of shared decision-making for better care outcomes. New communication models enhance safety evaluations in complex robotic settings and underscore nurses' crucial role in incorporating artificial intelligence into future surgical robots.
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